diff --git a/words.md b/words.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8ebd62b --- /dev/null +++ b/words.md @@ -0,0 +1,517 @@ +Some Words +========= + +## Words List ++ euclidean +> (adj)relating to geometry as developed by Euclid + + - euclidean distance + - euclidean geometry + ++ zip through +> (v)to go somewhere or do something very quickly + + - If you zip through a page in less than an hour, you are probably going too fast. + - A lot of questions zip through his mind. + ++ internalize +> (v)if you internalize a particular belief, attitude, behaviour etc, it becomes part of your character + + - Over time, she internalized her parents' attitudes. + - You should ponder and internalize each definition. + ++ beige +> (adj)a pale brown colour + + - The walls are beige. + - Definitions are in beige boxes and theorems are in blue boxes. + ++ bestow +> (v)to give someone something of great value or importance + + - honours bestowed on him by the Queen + - Bestowing proper credit on all the contributors would be a difficult task that I have not undertaken. + ++ in lieu of +> (adv)in place of + + - extra time off in lieu of payment + ++ preliminary +> (adj)happening before something that is more important, often in order to prepare for it
+ (n)something that is said or done first, to introduce or prepare for something else
+ (n)one of the games in the first part of the competition, when it is decided who will go to the main competition + + - a preliminary draft + - After the usual preliminaries, the chairman made his announcement. + - Four teams will be eliminated in the preliminaries. + ++ arithmetic +> (n)the science of numbers involving adding, multipying, etc. + + - teaching the usual rules of reading, writing and arithmetic. + ++ derive +> (v)to get something, especially an advantage or a pleasant feeling, from something
+ (v)to develop from something else
+ (v)to get a chemical substance from another substance + + - Many students derived enormous satisfaction from the course. + - patterns of behaviour that derive from basic beliefs + - The enzyme is derived from human blood. + ++ enzyme +> (n)a chemical substance that is produced in a plant or animal, and helps chemical changes to take place in the plant or animal. + ++ commutativity +> (n)In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. + ++ cumbersome +> (adj)A cumbersome system or process is very complicated and inefficient.
+ (adj)large and heavy and therefore difficult to carry, wear, or handle + + - Although the machine looks cumbersome, it is actually easy to use. + - and old and cumbersome computer system + ++ analogue +> (n)something having the property of being analogous to something else. + ++ pentagon +> (n) a flat shape with five sides and five angles + ++ hexagon +> (n) a shape with six sides + ++ equilateral +> (adj)A shape or a figure that is equilateral has sides that are all the same length.(equi + lateral) + + - an equilateral triangle + ++ lateral +> (adj)relating to the sides of something, or movement to the side + + - He estimated that the lateral movement of the bridge to be between four and six inches. + ++ temperate +> (adj)Temperate is used to describe a climate or a place which is never extremely hot or extremely cold. + + - The Nile Valley keeps a temperate climate throughout the year. + ++ in rude health +>(adv)to be extremely healthy + + - To that extent at least, American democracy remains in rude health. + ++ desolate +> (adj)A desolate place is empty of people and lacking comfort.
+ (adj)A desolate person feels sad, lonely and without hope. + + - a desolate landscape of flat green fields + - He was desolate without her. + ++ whence +> from where + + - No one ordered him back whence he came. + ++ asylum +> (n)protection given to someone by a government because they escaped from fighting or political trouble in their own country
+> (n)a mental hospital + + - He has been granted (political) asylum in France. + - He applied for asylum in 1987 after fleeing the police back home. + ++ lunatic +> (n) someone who behaves in a crazy or very stupid way -- often used humorously
+> (n) a very offensive word for someone who is mentally ill
+> (adj)insane and believed to be affected by the phases of moon
+ + - The hotel is run by a lunatic! + - a dangerous lunatic + - lunatic behaviour; lunatic asylum = asylum + ++ legislature +> (n)an institution that has the power to make or pass laws + + - The proposals before the legislature include the creation of two special courts to deal exclusively with violent crimes. + ++ truce +> (n)an agreement between enemies to stop fighting or arguing for a short time, or the period for which this is arranged, ceasefire. + + - They agreed to call a truce. + - There was an uneasy truce between Alex and Dave over dinner. + ++ animate +> (adj)living
+ (v)to give life or energy to something + + - Natural philosophy involved the study of all aspects of the material world, animate and inanimate. + - Laughter animated his face for a moment. + ++ wretched +> (adj)someone who is wretched is very unhappy or ill, and you feel sorry for them
+ (adj)Someone who feels wretched feels very unhappy
+ (adj)You use wretched to describe someone or something that you dislike or feel angry with
+ (adj)extremly bad or unpleasant; miseralbe + + - the poor, wretched girl + - I feel really wretched and confused. + - Wretched woman, he thought, why the hell cannot she wait? + - I was shocked to see their wretched living conditions. ++ formidable +> (adj)very powerful or impressive, and often frightening + + - The new range of computers have formidable processing power. + - The building is grey, formidalbe, not at all picturesque. + ++ picturesque +> (adj)a picturesque place is pretty and interesting in an old-fashioned way.
+ (adj)picturesque languages uses unusual, interesting, or sometimes rude words to describe something
+ (n)picturesque things + + - a quiet fishing village with a picturesque harbour + - a picturesque account of his trip to New York + - lovers of the picturesque + ++ thence +> (adj)from there or following that + + - We went to Trieste, and thence by train to Prague. + - the conversion of sunlight into heat and thence into electricity + ++ posterity +> (n)all the people in the future who will be alive + + - a priceless work of art that must be kept for posterity + ++ diligent +> (adj)someone who is diligent works hard and is careful and thorough + + - a diligent student + ++ skilful +> (adj) = skillful(American) + ++ offspring +> (n)a person's children or an animal's young + + - Eleanor was now less anxious about her offspring than she had once been. + - a young mother trying to control her offspring + ++ approximate +> (adj)close but not exact
+ (v)to be close to a particular number
+ (v)to be similar to but not exactly the same as something + + - This figure approximates to a quarter of the UK's annual consumption. + - Your story only approximates to the real facts. + ++ antecedent +> (n)An antecedent of something happened or existed before it and was similar to it in some ways. + + - We shall first look briefly at the historical antecedents of this theory. + ++ frugal +> (adj)careful to buy only what is necessary; (oppo)extravagant
+> frugality(n) + + - He led a remarkably frugal existence. + ++ henceforth +> (adv)from this time on + + - never to permit the child henceforth to enter his former home + ++ sanitary +> (adj)relating to the ways that dirt, infection, and waste are removed, so that places are clean and healthy for people to live in
+ (adj)clean and not causing any danger to people's health + + - Diseases were spread through poor sanitary conditions. + - Often, the camps were not very sanitary. + ++ hereditary +> (adj)A hereditary characteristic or illness is passed on to a child from its parents before it is born
+ (adj)A title or position in society that is hereditary is one that is passed on as a right from parent to child + + - a hereditary disease + - The position of the head of the state is hereditary. + ++ serf +> (n)In former times, serfs were a class of people who had to work on a particular person's land and could not leave without that person's permission + ++ squalor +> (n)the condition of being dirty and unpleasant because of a lack of care or money + + - He was out of work and living in squalor. + ++ aristocracy +> (n)a class of people in some countries who have a high social rank and special titles. + + - a member of the aristocracy + ++ rabble +> (n)a noisy crowd of people who seem likely to cause trouble + + - a rabble of angry youths + ++ destitute +> (adj)having no money, no food, no home, etc
+ be destitute of sth: to be completely without something + + - The floods left many people destitute. + - a man who is destitute of mercy + ++ sedition +> (n)speech, writing, or actions intended to encourage people to disobey a government + + - Government officials charged him with sedition. + ++ ordinance +> (n)a law, usually of a city or town, that forbids or restricts an activity + + - a city ordinance that says park must be closed at 11 p.m. + - a wise ordinance of Nature + ++ wax +> (v)to become larger, more powerful, etc + + - The moon is waxing. + ++ wane +> (v)If something wanes, it becomes gradually weaker or less, often so that it eventually disappears. + + - My enthusiasm for the project was waning. + - Interest in the show has waxed and waned. + ++ perish +> (v)to die, especially in a terrible or sudden way. + + - Hundreds perished when the ship went down. + - Most of the butterflies perish in the first frosts of autumn. + ++ annals +> (n, pl)in the annals of sth, means in the whole history of sth + + - one of the most unusual cases in the annals of crime + - He has become a legend in the annals of military history. + ++ mentor +> (n)an experienced person who advises and helps a less experienced person
+ (v)to give someone help and advice over a period of time, especially help and advice related to their job + + - Leon Sullivan was my mentor and my friend. + - He had mentored scores of younger doctors. + +## 8th, Sep + ++ genome +> (n)all the genes in one type of living thing + + - the human genome + ++ kin +> (n)your relatives + ++ kinship +> (n)a family relationship
+ (n)a strong connection between people + + - The ties of kinship may have helped the young man find his way in life. + - She evidently felt a sense of kinship with the woman. + ++ befriend +> (v)to behave in a friendly way towards someone, especially someone who is younger or needs help + + - They befriended me when I first arrived in London as a student. + - The film's about an elderly woman and a young nurse who befriends her. + ++ ancestry +> (n)the members of your family who lived a long time ago + + - Her mother is of German ancestry. + - Helen's family can trace their ancestry back to the 1700s. + ++ ethnic +> (adj)relating to a particular race, nation, or tribe and their customs and traditions.
+ (adj)cooking, fashion etc from countries that are far away, which seems very different and unusual. + + - The school teaches pupils from different ethnic groups. + - ethnic music, a magnificent range of ethnic fabrics + ++ see +> (v)make sure that something is done + + - See that you take care of her. + ++ disrupt +> (v)to prevent something from continuing in its usual way by causing problems + + - Climate change could disrupt the agricultural economy. + - Anti-war protestors disrupted the debate. + ++ disruptive +> (adj)causing problems and preventing something from continuing in its usual way. + + - way to handle disruptive pupils + - Alcohol can produce violence, disruptive behaviour. + ++ pick pace +> (v)pick up speed + + - Pick up the pace, guys - we are late. + +## 9th, Sep + ++ abdicate +> (v)to give up the position of begin king or queen
+ (v)to refuse to be responsible for something, when you should be or were before + + - The king was forced to abdicate the throne. + - The government has largely abdicated its responsibility in dealing with housing needs. + ++ the writing is on the wall +> mean that there are clear signs that something will fail or no longer exist + + - The writing is on the wall for the local football club: bankruptcy seems certain.s + ++ monarch +> (n)a king or queen + + - He was an absolute monarch.(arbitrary king) + ++ monarchy +> (n)a system in which a country is ruled by a king or queen.
+ (n)a country that has a monarch + + - a serious debate about the future of the monarchy + - Britain is a constitutional monarchy + ++ polarize +> (v)to divide into clear separate groups with opposite beliefs, ideas, or opinions, or to make people do this + + - The issue has polarized the country. + - As the car rental industry polarizes, business will go to the bigger companies. + ++ transcendence +> (n)the quality of being able to go beyond normal limits or boundaries + + - The Arab-American Society promotes the transcendence of racial and religious differences. + ++ infest +> (v)if insects, rats etc infest a place, there are a lot of them and they usually cause damage
+ (v)if things or people you do not want infest a place, there are too many of them + + - The prison is infested with rats. + - Crime and drugs are infesting the inner cities. + - an area infested with holiday homes + ++ downside +> (n)The downside of a situation is the aspect of it which is less positive, pleasant, or useful than its other aspects. + + - The downside of this approach is a lack of clear leadership. + +## 10th, Sep ++ symbolic +> (adj)Something that is symbolic of a person or thing is regarded or used as a symbol of them. + + - Yellow clothes are worn as symbolic of spring. + - Today's fighting is symbolic of the chaos which the country is facing. + ++ embody +> (v)to be a very good example of an idea or quality, represent. + + - She embodies everything I admire in a teacher. + ++ strive +> (v)to make a great effort to achieve something + + - We must continue to strive for greater efficiency. + - He strives hard to keep himself very fit. + ++ intrusive +> (adj)affecting someone's private life or interrupting them in an unwanted and annoying way. + + - They found the television cameras too intrusive. + ++ embodiment +> (n)someone of sth that represents or is very typical of an idea of quality. + + - He is the embodiment of evil. + - A baby is the embodiment of vulnerability. + ++ sweeping +> (adj)affecting many things, or making an important difference to something.
+ (adj)sweeping statement: a statement etc that is too general and that does not consider all the facts. + + - They want to make sweeping changes to education policies. + - sweeping generalizations about women drivers. + ++ reckless +> (adj)not caring or worrying about the possible bad or dangerous results of your action. + + - He was accused of causing death by reckless driving. + - a reckless disregard for safety + - He ran into the burning house with reckless abandon(= without caring about the danger). + ++ discern +> (v)to notice or understand something by thinking about it carefully
+> (v)to be able to see something, but not clearly + + - Officials are keen to discern how much public support there was. + - We could just discern a town in the distance. + ++ lame +> (adj)unable to walk properly because your leg or foot is injured or weak.
+> (n)people who are lame
+> (adj)a lame excuse or explanation is weak and difficult to believe. + + - She gave some lame excuse about missing the bus. + - "Lovely house!"I said lamely. + ++ scrutiny +> (n)careful and thorough examination of someone or something. + + - His private life came under media scrutiny. + - Careful scrutiny of the company's accounts revealed a whole series of errors. + ++ dearth +> (n)a situation in which there are very few of something that people want or need. + + - a dearth of job opportunties. + - Construction had slowed because of a dearth of labourers. + ++ collective +> (adj)shared or made by every member of a group or society.
+> (n)A collective is a business or farm which is run, and often owned, by a group of people. + + - a collective devision made by all board members. + - our collective responsiblity for the environment + ++ morale +> (n)the level of confidence and positive feelings that people have, especially people who work together, who belong to the same team etc. + + - The media feels pressure to keep the morale of the country up in war time. + - low staff morale + - A win is always good for morale. + ++ moral +> (n)principles and beliefs concerning right and wrong behaviour.
+> (adj)relating to beliefs about what is right or wrong. + + - If we accept that certain babies should be allowed to die, we place doctors in a moral dilemma. + - the corruption of public morals + ++ ethical +> (adj)relating to principles of what is right and wrong, moral. +> (adj)morally good or correct + + - The use of animals in scientific tests raised difficult ethical questions. + - I don't think it's echical for you to accept a job you know you can't do. + ++ doctrine +> (n)a set of beliefs that form an important part of a religion or system of ideas.
+> (n)a formal statement by a government about its future plans + + - traditional doctrine of divine power + - Marxist doctrine + - the announcement of the Truman Doctrine.