diff --git a/Code/CPP-Code/head/head.h b/Code/CPP-Code/head/head.h index 3ea11c5..8cc94c9 100644 --- a/Code/CPP-Code/head/head.h +++ b/Code/CPP-Code/head/head.h @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ // 初始化最大长度 #define MAXSIZE 5 // 定义默认值 -#define DEFAULTELEM '0' +#define DEFAULTDATA '0' // 定义最大值 -#define INFINITY 32767 +//#define INFINITY 32767 // 定义默认数据类型 typedef char element_type; diff --git a/Code/CPP-Code/head/link_list.h b/Code/CPP-Code/head/link_list.h index dfe2430..6eeb2a6 100644 --- a/Code/CPP-Code/head/link_list.h +++ b/Code/CPP-Code/head/link_list.h @@ -3,159 +3,162 @@ #include "head.h" // 单链表结点 -typedef struct LinkListNode { +class LinkListNode { +public: + // 数据 element_type data; - struct LinkListNode* next; -} LinkListNode, *LinkList; + // 指针 + LinkListNode* next; + // 构造函数 + LinkListNode(); + explicit LinkListNode(element_type data); +}; -// 由于C语言无法参数赋值,所以必须借助一个中间变量完成 -// 初始化有头节点单链表 -int InitLinkListWithHead(LinkList &list) { - list = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); - if (list) { - list->data = NULL; - list->next = nullptr; - return 0; - } - else { - printf("InitLinkListWithHead:分配空间失败!"); - return 1; - } +class LinkList{ +public: + // 指针 + LinkListNode* next; + // 链表长度 + int length; + // 构造函数 + LinkList(); + // 判空 + bool Empty(); +}; + +class LinkListWithHead: public LinkList{ +public: + // 构造函数 + LinkListWithHead(); +}; + +class LinkListWithoutHead: public LinkList{ +public: + // 数据 + element_type data; + // 构造函数 + LinkListWithoutHead(); +}; + +LinkListNode::LinkListNode() { + this->data = NULL; + this->next = nullptr; } -// 初始化无头节点单链表 -int InitLinkListWithoutHead(LinkList &list) { - list = nullptr; - return 0; +LinkListNode::LinkListNode(element_type data) { + this->data = data; + this->next = nullptr; } -// 创建有头节点单链表 -LinkList CreateLinkListWithHead() { - auto list = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); - if (list) { - list->data = NULL; - list->next = nullptr; - } - else { - printf("CreateLinkListWithHead:分配空间失败!"); - } - return list; +LinkList::LinkList() { + this->next= nullptr; + this->length =0; } -// 创建无头节点单链表 -LinkList CreateLinkListWithoutHead() { - return nullptr; +LinkListWithHead::LinkListWithHead() = default; + +LinkListWithoutHead::LinkListWithoutHead() { + this->data = NULL; +} + +bool LinkList::Empty() { + if(this->length==0){ + return true; + } else { + return false; + } } -// 判断有头节点单链表是否为空 -int EmptyLinkListWithHead(LinkList list) { - if (list->next) { - return 0; - } - else { - return 1; - } -} - -// 判断无头节点单链表是否为空 -int EmptyLinkListWithoutHead(LinkList list) { - if (list) { - return 0; - } - else { - return 1; - } -} - -// 插入有头节点单链表元素 -// 0号节点是头节点 -int InsertLinkListWithHead(LinkList list, int index, element_type elem) { - if (index < 1) { - printf("InsertLinkListWithHead:插入索引值过小!\n"); - return 1; - } - // 定义一个结点指针p指向当前扫描到的结点 - LinkListNode* p; - // 定义一个变量i表示当前扫描到的结点的索引号 - int i = 0; - // 将链表头结点指向p,为第0个结点 - p = list; - // 循环遍历到达指定索引号的单链表的结点 - // 条件是当前结点的下一个不为空且索引号到达,所到达的结点一定不是空结点 - while (p->next != NULL && i < index - 1) { - p = p->next; - i++; - } - // 如果此时i小于index-1,表示遍历完还没有到达对应的索引 - if (i < index - 1) { - printf("InsertLinkListWithHead:插入索引值过大!\n"); - return 1; - } - // 此时i==index-1 - LinkListNode* s = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); - if (s) { - s->data = elem; - // 将p原来的后继给新的结点 - s->next = p->next; - p->next = s; - return 0; - } - else { - printf("InsertLinkListWithHead:分配内存失败!\n"); - return 1; - } -} - -// 插入无头节点单链表元素 -// C语言也无法调用这个函数 -int InsertLinkListWithoutHead(LinkList list, int index, element_type elem) { - if (index < 0) { - printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:插入索引值过小!\n"); - return 1; - } - if (index == 0) { - LinkListNode* s = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); - if (s) { - s->data = elem; - // 将s的后继设为list指针 - s->next = list; - // 将list指针设置为s指针 - list = s; - return 0; - } - else { - printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:分配内存失败!\n"); - return 1; - } - } - // 定义一个结点指针p指向当前扫描到的结点 - LinkListNode* p; - // 定义一个变量i表示当前扫描到的结点的索引号 - int i = 0; - // 将链表头结点指向p,为第0个结点 - p = list; - // 循环遍历到达指定索引号的单链表的结点 - // 条件是当前结点的下一个不为空且索引号到达,所到达的结点一定不是空结点 - while (p->next != NULL && i < index - 1) { - p = p->next; - i++; - } - // 如果此时i小于index-1,表示遍历完还没有到达对应的索引 - if (i < index - 1) { - printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:插入索引值过大!\n"); - return 1; - } - // 此时i==index-1 - LinkListNode* s = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); - if (s) { - s->data = elem; - // 将p原来的后继给新的结点 - s->next = p->next; - p->next = s; - return 0; - } - else { - printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:分配空间失败!\n"); - } -} \ No newline at end of file +//// 插入有头节点单链表元素 +//// 0号节点是头节点 +//int InsertLinkListWithHead(LinkList list, int index, element_type elem) { +// if (index < 1) { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithHead:插入索引值过小!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +// // 定义一个结点指针p指向当前扫描到的结点 +// LinkListNode* p; +// // 定义一个变量i表示当前扫描到的结点的索引号 +// int i = 0; +// // 将链表头结点指向p,为第0个结点 +// p = list; +// // 循环遍历到达指定索引号的单链表的结点 +// // 条件是当前结点的下一个不为空且索引号到达,所到达的结点一定不是空结点 +// while (p->next != NULL && i < index - 1) { +// p = p->next; +// i++; +// } +// // 如果此时i小于index-1,表示遍历完还没有到达对应的索引 +// if (i < index - 1) { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithHead:插入索引值过大!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +// // 此时i==index-1 +// LinkListNode* s = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); +// if (s) { +// s->data = elem; +// // 将p原来的后继给新的结点 +// s->next = p->next; +// p->next = s; +// return 0; +// } +// else { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithHead:分配内存失败!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +//} +// +//// 插入无头节点单链表元素 +//// C语言也无法调用这个函数 +//int InsertLinkListWithoutHead(LinkList list, int index, element_type elem) { +// if (index < 0) { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:插入索引值过小!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +// if (index == 0) { +// LinkListNode* s = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); +// if (s) { +// s->data = elem; +// // 将s的后继设为list指针 +// s->next = list; +// // 将list指针设置为s指针 +// list = s; +// return 0; +// } +// else { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:分配内存失败!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +// } +// // 定义一个结点指针p指向当前扫描到的结点 +// LinkListNode* p; +// // 定义一个变量i表示当前扫描到的结点的索引号 +// int i = 0; +// // 将链表头结点指向p,为第0个结点 +// p = list; +// // 循环遍历到达指定索引号的单链表的结点 +// // 条件是当前结点的下一个不为空且索引号到达,所到达的结点一定不是空结点 +// while (p->next != NULL && i < index - 1) { +// p = p->next; +// i++; +// } +// // 如果此时i小于index-1,表示遍历完还没有到达对应的索引 +// if (i < index - 1) { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:插入索引值过大!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +// // 此时i==index-1 +// LinkListNode* s = (LinkListNode*)malloc(sizeof(LinkListNode)); +// if (s) { +// s->data = elem; +// // 将p原来的后继给新的结点 +// s->next = p->next; +// p->next = s; +// return 0; +// } +// else { +// printf("InsertLinkListWithoutHead:分配空间失败!\n"); +// return 1; +// } +//} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Code/CPP-Code/head/sequence_list.h b/Code/CPP-Code/head/sequence_list.h index 6f436e3..3ccf146 100644 --- a/Code/CPP-Code/head/sequence_list.h +++ b/Code/CPP-Code/head/sequence_list.h @@ -1,15 +1,19 @@ -锘#include -#include +锘#include +#include #include "head.h" #pragma warning(disable:6385) #pragma warning(disable:6386) +using namespace std; + // 椤哄簭琛 class SequenceList { public: element_type *data{}; int length{}; + // 鏋勯犲嚱鏁 + SequenceList(); // 鎻掑叆鍑芥暟 virtual bool Insert(int index, element_type elem); // 鎵撳嵃鍑芥暟 @@ -33,8 +37,6 @@ public: // 闈欐侀『搴忚〃 class StaticSequenceList: public SequenceList{ public: - element_type data[MAXSIZE]{}; - int length; // 鏋勯犲嚱鏁 StaticSequenceList(); // 鎻掑叆鍑芥暟 @@ -44,9 +46,6 @@ public: // 鍔ㄦ侀『搴忚〃 class DynamicSequenceList: public SequenceList{ public: - // 缁欎竴涓寚閽堟潵鍒嗛厤鍔ㄦ佹暟缁 - element_type *data; - int length; // 宸插垎閰嶇殑鏈澶у閲 int max_size; // 鏋勯犲嚱鏁 @@ -61,14 +60,17 @@ private: bool ReIncrease(int len); }; +SequenceList::SequenceList() { + this->length = 0; +} + StaticSequenceList::StaticSequenceList() : SequenceList() { - this->length=0; + this->data = (element_type*)malloc(MAXSIZE * sizeof(element_type)); } DynamicSequenceList::DynamicSequenceList() : SequenceList() { // 鍒濆垵濮嬪寲鍔ㄦ侀『搴忚〃闀垮害涓0 this->max_size=0; - this->length = 0; // 鐢宠涓鐗囪繛缁殑瀛樺偍绌洪棿 auto* space = (element_type*)malloc(MAXSIZE * sizeof(element_type)); if (space) { @@ -76,19 +78,19 @@ DynamicSequenceList::DynamicSequenceList() : SequenceList() { this->max_size = MAXSIZE; } else { - printf("InitSequenceList:鍒嗛厤绌洪棿澶辫触锛乗n"); + cout << "InitSequenceList:鍒嗛厤绌洪棿澶辫触锛" << endl; } } void SequenceList::Printf() { for (int i = 0; i < this->length; i++) { - printf("绗%d涓厓绱犲间负%c\n", i + 1, this->data[i]); + cout << "绗" << i + 1 << "涓厓绱犲间负" << this->data[i] << endl; } } bool DynamicSequenceList::OtherIncrease(int len) { if (len <= 0) { - printf("OtherIncrease:鐢宠绌洪棿搴旇澶т簬0锛乗n"); + cout << "OtherIncrease:鐢宠绌洪棿搴旇澶т簬0锛" << endl; return false; } // 鐢宠涓鐗囪繛缁殑瀛樺偍绌洪棿 @@ -106,14 +108,14 @@ bool DynamicSequenceList::OtherIncrease(int len) { return true; } else { - printf("OtherIncrease:閲嶆柊鍒嗛厤绌洪棿澶辫触锛乗n"); + cout << "OtherIncrease:閲嶆柊鍒嗛厤绌洪棿澶辫触锛" << endl; return false; } } bool DynamicSequenceList::ReIncrease(int len) { if (len <= 0) { - printf("ReIncrease:鐢宠绌洪棿搴旇澶т簬0锛乗n"); + cout << "ReIncrease:鐢宠绌洪棿搴旇澶т簬0锛" << endl; return false; } // 鐢宠涓鐗囪繛缁殑瀛樺偍绌洪棿 @@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ bool DynamicSequenceList::ReIncrease(int len) { else { this->max_size = 0; this->length = 0; - printf("ReIncrease:鍒嗛厤鍏朵粬鍦板潃绌洪棿澶辫触锛乗n"); + cout << "ReIncrease:鍒嗛厤鍏朵粬鍦板潃绌洪棿澶辫触锛" << endl; return false; } } @@ -139,12 +141,12 @@ bool SequenceList::Insert(int index, element_type elem) { bool StaticSequenceList::Insert(int index, element_type elem) { // 褰撻潤鎬侀『搴忚〃宸茬粡婊′簡灏变笉鑳芥彃鍏ヤ换浣曞厓绱 if (this->length >= MAXSIZE) { - printf("Insert:闈欐侀『搴忚〃绌洪棿涓嶈冻锛屾彃鍏ュけ璐ワ紒\n"); + cout << "Insert:闈欐侀『搴忚〃绌洪棿涓嶈冻锛屾彃鍏ュけ璐ワ紒" << endl; return false; } // 绱㈠紩浣嶇疆浠0寮濮嬶紝鎵浠ュ彲浠ユ彃鍏ョ殑鑼冨洿鏄0鍒發ist->length if (index > this->length || index < 0) { - printf("Insert:鎻掑叆绱㈠紩%d瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛乗n", index); + cout << "Insert:鎻掑叆绱㈠紩" << index << "瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛" << endl; return false; } // 浠庢渶鍚庝竴涓厓绱犲紑濮嬩氦鎹㈠悗绉伙紝list->length鏄┖鐨 @@ -158,7 +160,7 @@ bool StaticSequenceList::Insert(int index, element_type elem) { bool DynamicSequenceList::Insert(int index, element_type elem) { if (index > this->length || index < 0) { - printf("Insert:鎻掑叆绱㈠紩%d瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛乗n", index); + cout << "Insert:鎻掑叆绱㈠紩" << index << "瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛" << endl; return false; } // 褰撳姩鎬侀『搴忚〃宸茬粡婊′簡锛岄渶瑕佹柊澧炰竴涓綅缃 @@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ bool DynamicSequenceList::Insert(int index, element_type elem) { if (this->length >= MAXSIZE) { bool result = this->ReIncrease(1); if (!result) { - printf("Insert:鐢宠绌洪棿澶辫触锛乗n"); + cout << "Insert:鐢宠绌洪棿澶辫触锛" << endl; return false; } } @@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ bool SequenceList::LoopInsert(element_type *elem, int start, int end) { for (int i = 0; i < end; i++) { bool result = this->Insert(i, elem[i + start]); if (!result) { - printf("LoopInsert:寰幆鎻掑叆澶辫触锛乗n"); + cout << "LoopInsert:寰幆鎻掑叆澶辫触锛" << endl; return false; } } @@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ bool SequenceList::LoopInsert(element_type *elem, int start, int end) { bool SequenceList::Delete(int index, element_type &elem) { if (index >= this->length || index < 0) { - printf("Delete:鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛乗n"); + cout << "Delete:鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩" << index << "瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛" << endl; return false; } elem = this->data[index]; @@ -204,7 +206,7 @@ bool SequenceList::Delete(int index, element_type &elem) { bool SequenceList::MultiDelete(int index, int len, element_type *elem) { if (index + len >= this->length || index < 0) { - printf("MultiDelete:鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛乗n"); + cout << "MultiDelete:鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩" << index << "瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛" << endl; return false; } for (int i = index; i < this->length - len; i++) { @@ -219,8 +221,8 @@ bool SequenceList::MultiDelete(int index, int len, element_type *elem) { element_type SequenceList::GetElem(int index) { if (index >= this->length || index < 0) { - printf("GetElem:鏌ユ壘绱㈠紩瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛乗n"); - return DEFAULTELEM; + cout << "GetElem:鏌ユ壘绱㈠紩" << index << "瓒呰繃绱㈠紩鑼冨洿锛" << endl; + return DEFAULTDATA; } return this->data[index]; } @@ -232,7 +234,7 @@ int SequenceList::Locate(element_type elem) { return i; } } - printf("Locate:鏈兘瀹氫綅鍒板搴斿肩殑鍏冪礌锛乗n"); + cout << "Locate:鏈兘瀹氫綅鍒板搴斿肩殑鍏冪礌锛" << endl; return -1; } @@ -249,7 +251,6 @@ bool SequenceList::Destroy() { if (this->data) { free(this->data); } - delete this; return true; } diff --git a/Code/CPP-Code/source/main.cpp b/Code/CPP-Code/source/main.cpp index a3674d4..4dd56af 100644 --- a/Code/CPP-Code/source/main.cpp +++ b/Code/CPP-Code/source/main.cpp @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ int main() { - SequenceListTest(); -// LinkListTest(); + //SequenceListTest(); + LinkListTest(); return 0; } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Code/CPP-Code/source/test.cpp b/Code/CPP-Code/source/test.cpp index a669ede..d1933eb 100644 --- a/Code/CPP-Code/source/test.cpp +++ b/Code/CPP-Code/source/test.cpp @@ -8,11 +8,10 @@ int SequenceListTest() { list.Insert(0, 'a'); element_type a[6] = {'1','2','3','4','5','6'}; list.LoopInsert(a, 0, 6); - printf("%c", list.data[2]); - /*element_type b[3] = { '9', 'a', 'e' }; - list.LoopInsert(b, 1, 2);*/ - list.Printf(); //printf("%c", list.data[2]); + element_type b[3] = { '9', 'a', 'e' }; + list.LoopInsert(b, 1, 2); + list.Printf(); /*list.Printf(); printf("\n"); int len = 2; @@ -26,21 +25,16 @@ int SequenceListTest() { InitDynamicSequenceList(&dlist); OtherIncreaseDynamicSequenceList(&dlist, 15); printf("%d", dlist.max_size);*/ - //int index = list.Locate('5'); - //printf("%d", index); - //list.Destroy(); + int index = list.Locate('5'); + index = list.GetElem(1); + cout << list.Empty() << endl; + list.Destroy(); return 0; } int LinkListTest() { - LinkList list = nullptr; - InitLinkListWithoutHead(list); -// InitLinkListWithHead(list); - //LinkList list = CreateLinkListWithHead(); -// int empty = EmptyLinkListWithHead(list); -// LinkList list = CreateLinkListWithoutHead(); - int empty = EmptyLinkListWithoutHead(list); - printf("%d", empty); + LinkList list; + cout << list.Empty() << endl; return 0; } diff --git a/Computer-Organization/0-summary-ex.md b/Computer-Organization/0-summary-ex.md index 1f890aa..18f31c3 100644 --- a/Computer-Organization/0-summary-ex.md +++ b/Computer-Organization/0-summary-ex.md @@ -59,3 +59,106 @@ $C.$鏃㈠彲鎸夊湴鍧瀵诲潃鍙堝彲鎸夊唴瀹瑰鍧 $D.$浠ヤ笂璇存硶鍧囦笉瀹屽杽 瑙o細$C$銆傜浉鑱斿瓨鍌ㄥ櫒鏃㈠彲浠ユ寜鍦板潃瀵诲潃鍙堝彲浠ユ寜鍐呭锛堥氬父鏄煇浜涘瓧娈碉級瀵诲潃锛屼负涓庝紶缁熷瓨鍌ㄥ櫒鍖哄埆锛屽張绉版寜鍐呭瀵诲潃鐨勫瓨鍌ㄥ櫒銆 + +**渚嬮** 鍦$CPU$鐨勫瘎瀛樺櫒涓紝()瀵圭敤鎴锋槸瀹屽叏閫忔槑鐨勩 + +$A.$绋嬪簭璁℃暟鍣 + +$B.$鎸囦护瀵勫瓨鍣 + +$C.$鐘舵佸瘎瀛樺櫒 + +$D.$閫氱敤瀵勫瓨鍣 + +瑙o細$B$銆傛眹缂栫▼搴忓憳鍙互閫氳繃鎸囧畾寰呮墽琛屾寚浠ょ殑鍦板潃鏉ヨ缃$PC$鐨勫硷紝鐘舵佸瘎瀛樺櫒銆侀氱敤瀵勫瓨鍣ㄥ彧鏈変负姹囩紪绋嬪簭鍛樺彲瑙侊紝鎵嶈兘瀹炵幇缂栫▼锛屾墍浠ヤ笉鏄畬鍏ㄩ忔槑鐨勩傝$IR$銆$MAR$銆$MDR$鏄$CPU$鐨勫唴閮ㄥ伐浣滃瘎瀛樺櫒锛屽绋嬪簭鍛樺潎涓嶅彲瑙併 + +## 璁$畻鏈烘ц兘鎸囨爣 + +**渚嬮** 瀛樺偍瀛楅暱鏄寚()銆 + +$A.$瀛樻斁鍦ㄤ竴涓瓨鍌ㄥ崟鍏冧腑鐨勪簩杩涘埗浠g爜缁勫悎 + +$B.$瀛樻斁鍦ㄤ竴涓瓨鍌ㄥ崟鍏冧腑鐨勪簩杩涘埗浠g爜浣嶆暟 + +$C.$瀛樺偍鍗曞厓鐨勪釜鏁 + +$D.$鏈哄櫒鎸囦护鐨勪綅鏁 + +瑙o細$B$銆傚瓨鍌ㄤ綋鐢辫澶氬瓨鍌ㄥ崟鍏冪粍鎴愶紝姣忎釜瀛樺偍鍗曞厓鍙堝寘鍚嫢骞插瓨鍌ㄥ厓浠讹紝姣忎釜瀛樺偍鍏冧欢鑳藉瘎瀛樹竴浣嶄簩杩涘埗浠g爜鈥$0$鈥濇垨鈥$1$鈥濄傚彲瑙侊紝涓涓瓨鍌ㄥ崟鍏冨彲瀛樺偍涓涓蹭簩杩涘埗浠g爜锛岀О杩欎覆浜岃繘鍒朵唬鐮佷负涓涓瓨鍌ㄥ瓧锛岀О杩欎覆浜岃繘鍒朵唬鐮佺殑浣嶆暟涓哄瓨鍌ㄥ瓧闀裤 + +**渚嬮** 涓嬪垪鍏充簬鏈哄櫒瀛楅暱銆佹寚浠ゅ瓧闀垮拰瀛樺偍瀛楅暱鐨勮娉曚腑锛屾纭殑鏄()銆 + +鈪.涓夎呭湪鏁板间笂鎬绘槸鐩哥瓑鐨 + +鈪.涓夎呭湪鏁板间笂鍙兘涓嶇瓑 + +鈪.瀛樺偍瀛楅暱鏄瓨鏀惧湪涓涓瓨鍌ㄥ崟鍏冧腑鐨勪簩杩涘埗浠g爜浣嶆暟 + +鈪.鏁版嵁瀛楅暱灏辨槸$MDR$鐨勪綅鏁 + +$A.$鈪犮佲參 + +$B.$鈪犮佲叄 + +$C.$鈪°佲參 + +$D.$鈪°佲叄 + +瑙o細$C$銆傛満鍣ㄥ瓧闀裤佹寚浠ゅ瓧闀垮拰瀛樺偍瀛楅暱锛屼笁鑰呭湪鏁板间笂鍙互鐩哥瓑涔熷彲浠ヤ笉绛夛紝瑙嗕笉鍚屾満鍣ㄨ屽畾銆備竴涓瓨鍌ㄥ崟鍏冧腑鐨勪簩杩涘埗浠g爜鐨勪綅鏁扮О涓哄瓨鍌ㄥ瓧闀裤傚瓨鍌ㄥ瓧闀跨瓑浜$MDR$鐨勪綅鏁帮紝鑰屾暟鎹瓧闀挎槸鏁版嵁鎬荤嚎涓娆¤兘骞惰浼犻佷俊鎭殑浣嶆暟锛屽畠鍙互涓嶇瓑浜$MDR$鐨勪綅鏁般 + +**渚嬮** $CPU$鐨$CPI$涓庝笅鍒()鍥犵礌鏃犲叧銆 + +$A.$鏃堕挓棰戠巼 + +$B.$绯荤粺缁撴瀯 + +$C.$鎸囦护闆 + +$D.$璁$畻鏈虹粍缁 + +瑙o細$A$銆$CPI$鏄墽琛屼竴鏉℃寚浠ゆ墍闇鐨勬椂閽熷懆鏈熸暟锛岀郴缁熺粨鏋勩佹寚浠ら泦銆佽绠楁満缁勭粐閮戒細褰卞搷$CPI$锛岃屾椂閽熼鐜囧苟涓嶄細褰卞搷$CPI$锛屼絾鍙姞蹇寚浠ょ殑鎵ц閫熷害銆 + +**渚嬮** 涓嬪垪鍏充簬鈥滃吋瀹光濈殑鍙欒堪锛屾纭殑鏄()銆 + +$A.$鎸囪绠楁満杞欢涓庣‖浠朵箣闂寸殑閫氱敤鎬э紝閫氬父鍦ㄥ悓涓绯诲垪涓嶅悓鍨嬪彿鐨勮绠楁満闂村瓨鍦 + +$B.$鎸囪绠楁満杞欢鎴栫‖浠剁殑閫氱敤鎬э紝鍗冲畠浠湪浠讳綍璁$畻鏈洪棿鍙互閫氱敤 + +$C.$鎸囪绠楁満杞欢鎴栫‖浠剁殑閫氱敤鎬э紝閫氬父鍦ㄥ悓涓绯诲垪涓嶅悓鍨嬪彿鐨勮绠楁満闂撮氱敤 + +$D.$鎸囪蒋浠跺湪涓嶅悓绯诲垪璁$畻鏈轰腑鍙互閫氱敤锛岃岀‖浠朵笉鑳介氱敤 + +瑙o細$C$銆傚吋瀹规寚璁$畻鏈鸿蒋浠舵垨纭欢鐨勯氱敤鎬э紝鍥犳閫夐」$A$銆$D$閿欍傞夐」$B$涓紝瀹冧滑鍦ㄤ换浣曡绠楁満闂村彲浠ラ氱敤锛岄敊璇傞夐」$C$涓紝鍏煎閫氬父鍦ㄥ悓涓绯诲垪鐨勪笉鍚屽瀷鍙疯绠楁満闂达紝姝g‘銆 + +**渚嬮** 鏌愬彴璁$畻鏈哄彧鏈$Load/Store$鎸囦护鑳藉瀛樺偍鍣ㄨ繘琛岃/鍐欐搷浣滐紝鍏朵粬鎸囦护鍙瀵勫瓨鍣ㄨ繘琛屾搷浣溿傛牴鎹▼搴忚窡韪瘯楠岀粨鏋滐紝宸茬煡姣忔潯鎸囦护鎵鍗犵殑姣斾緥鍙$CPI$鏁板涓嬭〃鎵绀恒 + +鎸囦护绫诲瀷|鎸囦护鎵鍗犳瘮渚媩CPI|鎸囦护绫诲瀷|鎸囦护鎵鍗犳瘮渚媩CPI +:------:|:----------:|:-:|:------:|:----------:|:-: +绠楁湳閫昏緫鎸囦护|43%|1|Store鎸囦护|12%|2 +Load鎸囦护|21%|2|杞Щ鎸囦护|24%|2 + +鍋囪绋嬪簭鐢$M$鏉℃寚浠ょ粍鎴愩傜畻鏈昏緫杩愮畻涓$25\%$鐨勬寚浠ょ殑涓や釜鎿嶄綔鏁颁腑鐨勪竴涓凡鍦ㄥ瘎瀛樺櫒涓紝鍙︿竴涓繀椤诲湪绠楁湳閫昏緫鎸囦护鎵ц鍓嶇敤$Load$鎸囦护浠庡瓨鍌ㄥ櫒涓彇鍒板瘎瀛樺櫒涓傚洜姝ゆ湁浜哄缓璁鍔犲彟涓绉嶇畻鏈昏緫鎸囦护锛屽叾鐗圭偣鏄竴涓搷浣滄暟鍙栬嚜瀵勫瓨鍣紝鍙︿竴涓搷浣滄暟鍙栬嚜瀛樺偍鍣紝鍗冲瘎瀛樺櫒-瀛樺偍鍣ㄧ被鍨嬶紝鍋囪杩欑鎸囦护鐨$CPI$绛変簬$2$銆傚悓鏃讹紝杞Щ鎸囦护鐨$CPI$鍙樹负$3$銆傛眰鏂版寚浠ょ郴缁熺殑骞冲潎$CPI$銆 + +瑙o細棣栧厛鎴戜滑蹇呴』鏄庣櫧杩欓噷鏄仛浜嗕粈涔堛 + +棣栧厛鍘熸潵鐨勭畻鏈昏緫杩愮畻鏄鏁版嵁杩涜绠楁湳閫昏緫鎿嶄綔锛屾暟鎹兘鏄粠瀵勫瓨鍣ㄤ腑鑾峰彇锛屾墍浠ラ渶瑕$Load$鎸囦护灏嗘暟鎹粠瀛樺偍鍣ㄤ腑鍙栧埌瀵勫瓨鍣ㄤ腑锛屾墍浠ユ瘡鎿嶄綔涓涓畻鏈昏緫锛岄兘闇瑕$Load$涓や釜鏁版嵁銆 + +鑰岀幇鍦ㄥ彂鐜版湁涓涓暟鎹凡缁忓湪瀵勫瓨鍣ㄤ腑浜嗭紝鎵浠ュ彧鐢ㄥ彇涓涓暟鎹埌瀵勫瓨鍣ㄥ氨鍙互浜嗐傛墍浠ュ氨瀹氫箟杩欎釜鍙敤鍙栦竴涓搷浣滄暟鐨勬寚浠や负涓涓柊鐨勭畻鏈昏緫鎸囦护锛$CPI=2$锛屽張绠楁湳閫昏緫杩愮畻涓$25\%$鐨勬寚浠ゆ槸杩欑鎸囦护锛屾墍浠ョ畻鏈昏緫鎸囦护鎷嗗嚭浜$0.25\times0.43M$鏉℃寚浠ゃ + +鍥犱负鏂版寚浠ゅ寘鍚簡$Load$鎿嶄綔锛屾墍浠$Load$鎸囦护涔熼渶瑕佹媶鍑$0.25\times0.43M$鏉℃寚浠ゃ + +杩欐牱灏辨媶鍑轰袱涓悎鎴愪簡涓涓$0.25\times0.43M$鏉℃柊鎸囦护锛屽嵆鍘熸潵鏄昏緫杩愮畻鍜$Load$鍚$1+2$锛岀幇鍦ㄦ槸閫昏緫杩愮畻銆佹柊閫昏緫杩愮畻鍜$Load$鍚$1+1+1$锛屽浣欑殑$0.25\times0.43M$鏉″彇鏁版搷浣滃氨琚畝鐣ヤ簡銆 + +鎵浠ユ柊鎸囦护鎬绘暟涓$M+(0.25\times0.43M)-(0.25\times0.43M)-(0.25\times0.43M)=0.8925M$銆 + +鍏朵粬鎸囦护鏁伴噺涓嶅彉锛岄渶瑕佹洿鏂$CPI$鍜屽搴旂殑鍗犳瘮锛 + +鎸囦护绫诲瀷|鎸囦护鎵鍗犳瘮渚媩CPI +:------:|:----------:|:--: +绠楁湳閫昏緫鎸囦护|(0.43M-0.43M脳0.25)/0.8925M=0.3613|1 +绠楁湳閫昏緫鎸囦护锛堟柊锛墊(0.43M脳0.25)/0.8925M=0.1204|2 +Load鎸囦护|(0.21M-0.43M脳0.25)/0.8925M=0.1148|2 +Store鎸囦护|0.12M/0.8925M=0.1348|2 +杞Щ鎸囦护|0.24M/0.8925M=0.2689|3 + +鎵浠ユ柊$CPI'=1\times0.3613+2\times0.1204+2\times0.1148+2\times0.1348+3\times0.2689=1.9076$銆 diff --git a/Computer-Organization/0-summary.md b/Computer-Organization/0-summary.md index 746a263..8c5a5b4 100644 --- a/Computer-Organization/0-summary.md +++ b/Computer-Organization/0-summary.md @@ -241,20 +241,24 @@ int main(){ ### 涓ぎ澶勭悊鍣 + $CPU$涓婚锛$CPU$鍐呮暟瀛楄剦鍐蹭俊鍙锋尟鑽$殑棰戠巼銆傚崟浣嶄负璧吂銆 -+ $CPU$鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡锛$CPU$涓婚锛堟椂閽熶富棰戯級=$1\div CPU$鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡銆傚崟浣嶄负绾崇鎴栧井绉掋 ++ $CPU$鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡锛$CPU$涓婚锛堟椂閽熶富棰戯級=$1\div CPU$鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡銆備竴涓椂閽熷灏戠銆傚崟浣嶄负绾崇鎴栧井绉掋 + $CPI$锛$Clock\,cycle\,Per\,Instruction$锛夛細鎵ц涓鏉℃寚浠ゆ墍闇鐨勬椂閽熷懆鏈熸暟銆 + 鎵ц涓鏉℃寚浠ょ殑鑰楁椂= $CPI\times CPU$鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡銆 + $CPU$鎵ц鏃堕棿锛堟暣涓▼搴忕殑鑰楁椂锛=$CPU$鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡鏁懊蜂富棰=(鎸囦护鏉℃暟脳$CPI$)梅涓婚銆 -+ $IPS$锛$Instructions\,Per\,Second$锛夛細姣忕鎵ц澶氬皯鏉℃寚浠わ紝$IPS$=涓婚梅骞冲潎$CPI$銆備篃鍙互寰楀埌$MIPS$鍗虫瘡绉掓墽琛屽灏戠櫨涓囨潯鎸囦护銆 -+ $FLOPS$锛$Floating-point\,Operations\,Per\,Second$锛夛細姣忕鎵ц澶氬皯娆℃诞鐐硅繍绠椼 - -**渚嬮** 鏌$CPU$涓婚涓10000Hz锛屾煇绋嬪簭鍖呭惈100鏉℃寚浠わ紝骞冲潎鏉ョ湅鎸囦护浠籆PI=3锛岃绋嬪簭鍦ㄨ$CPU$涓婃墽琛岄渶瑕佸涔咃紵 - -100脳3梅1000=0.3s銆 ++ $IPS$锛$Instructions\,Per\,Second$锛夛細姣忕鎵ц澶氬皯鏉℃寚浠わ紝$IPS$=涓婚梅骞冲潎$CPI$銆備篃鍙互寰楀埌$MIPS$鍗虫瘡绉掓墽琛屽灏戠櫨涓囨潯鎸囦护銆傜敱浜庢瘡涓満鍣ㄦ湁涓嶅悓鎸囦护闆嗭紝鎵浠ヤ娇鐢ㄦ杩涜鎬ц兘姣旇緝鏈夌己闄枫 ++ 鎸囦护鍛ㄦ湡锛氫竴鏉℃寚浠ら渶瑕佸灏戠锛屼负$1/IPS$銆 ++ $FLOPS$锛$Floating-point\,Operations\,Per\,Second$锛夛細姣忕鎵ц澶氬皯娆℃诞鐐硅繍绠椼傚洜姝ゆ湁$MFLOPS$銆$GFLOPS$銆$TFLOPS$銆$EFLOPS$銆$ZFLOPS$鍒嗗埆浠h〃姣忕$10^6$銆$10^9$銆$10^{12}$銆$10^{15}$銆$10^{18}$銆$10^{21}$娆℃诞鐐硅繍绠 ### 绯荤粺鏁翠綋 + 鏁版嵁閫氳矾甯﹀锛氭暟鎹荤嚎涓娆℃墍鑳藉苟琛屼紶閫佷俊鎭殑浣嶆暟锛堝悇纭欢閮ㄤ欢閫氳繃鏁版嵁鎬荤嚎浼犺緭鏁版嵁锛夈 + 鍚炲悙閲忥細鎸囩郴缁熷湪鍗曚綅鏃堕棿鍐呭鐞嗚姹傜殑鏁伴噺銆傚畠鍙栧喅浜庝俊鎭兘澶氬揩鍦拌緭鍏ュ唴瀛橈紝$CPU$鑳藉蹇湴鍙栨寚浠わ紝鏁版嵁鑳藉蹇湴浠庡唴瀛樺彇鍑烘垨瀛樺叆锛屼互鍙婃墍寰楃粨鏋滆兘澶氬揩鍦颁粠鍐呭瓨閫佺粰涓鍙板閮ㄨ澶囥傝繖浜涙楠や腑鐨勬瘡涓姝ラ兘鍏崇郴鍒颁富瀛橈紝鍥犳锛岀郴缁熷悶鍚愰噺涓昏鍙栧喅浜庝富瀛樼殑瀛樺彇鍛ㄦ湡銆 + 鍝嶅簲鏃堕棿锛氭寚浠庣敤鎴峰悜璁$畻鏈哄彂閫佷竴涓姹傦紝鍒扮郴缁熷璇ヨ姹傚仛鍑哄搷搴斿苟鑾峰緱瀹冩墍闇瑕佺殑缁撴灉鐨勭瓑寰呮椂闂淬傞氬父鍖呮嫭$CPU$鏃堕棿锛堣繍琛屼竴涓▼搴忔墍鑺辫垂鐨勬椂闂达級涓庣瓑寰呮椂闂达紙鐢ㄤ簬纾佺洏璁块棶銆佸瓨鍌ㄥ櫒璁块棶銆$I/O$鎿嶄綔銆佹搷浣滅郴缁熷紑閿绛夋椂闂达級銆 -+ 鍩哄噯绋嬪簭鏄敤鏉ユ祴閲忓崄绠楁満澶勭悊閫熷害鐨勪竴绉嶅疄鐢ㄧ▼搴忥紝浠ヤ究浜庤娴嬮噺鐨勮绠楁満鎬ц兘鍙互涓庤繍琛岀浉鍚戠▼搴忕殑鍏跺畠璁$畻鏈烘ц兘杩涜姣旇緝銆 ++ 鍩哄噯绋嬪簭鏄敤鏉ユ祴閲忔満绠楁満澶勭悊閫熷害鐨勪竴绉嶅疄鐢ㄧ▼搴忥紝浠ヤ究浜庤娴嬮噺鐨勮绠楁満鎬ц兘鍙互涓庤繍琛岀浉鍚戠▼搴忕殑鍏跺畠璁$畻鏈烘ц兘杩涜姣旇緝銆備絾鏄篃瀛樺湪缂洪櫡锛屽洜涓哄熀鍑嗙▼搴忕殑鎬ц兘鍙兘涓庢煇涓娈典唬鐮佸瘑鍒囩浉鍏充粠鑰屽姝よ繘琛岀壒鍒紭鍖栥 + +### 涓撲笟鏈 + ++ 绯诲垪鏈恒傚叿鏈夊熀鏈浉鍚岀殑浣撶郴缁撴瀯锛屼娇鐢ㄧ浉鍚屽熀鏈寚浠ょ郴缁熺殑澶氫釜涓嶅悓鍨嬪彿鐨勮绠楁満缁勬垚鐨勪竴涓骇鍝佺郴鍒椼 ++ 鍏煎銆傛寚璁$畻鏈鸿蒋浠舵垨纭欢鐨勯氱敤鎬э紝鍗充娇鐢ㄦ垨杩愯鍦ㄦ煇涓瀷鍙风殑璁$畻鏈虹郴缁熶腑鐨勭‖浠/杞欢涔熻兘搴旂敤浜庡彟涓涓瀷鍙风殑璁$畻鏈虹郴缁熸椂锛岀О杩欎袱鍙拌绠楁満鍦ㄧ‖浠舵垨杞欢涓婂瓨鍦ㄥ吋瀹规с ++ 杞欢鍙Щ妞嶆с傛寚鎶婁娇鐢ㄥ湪鏌愪釜绯诲垪璁$畻鏈轰腑鐨勮蒋浠剁洿鎺ユ垨杩涜寰堝皯鐨勪慨鏀瑰氨鑳借繍琛屽湪鍙︿竴涓郴鍒楄绠楁満涓殑鍙兘鎬с ++ 鍥轰欢銆傚皢绋嬪簭鍥哄畾鍦$ROM$涓粍鎴愮殑閮ㄤ欢绉颁负鍥轰欢銆傚浐浠舵槸涓绉嶅叿鏈夎蒋浠剁壒鎬х殑纭欢锛屽浐浠剁殑鎬ц兘鎸囨爣浠嬩簬纭欢涓庤蒋浠朵箣闂达紝鍚告敹浜嗚蒋/纭欢鍚勮嚜鐨勪紭鐐癸紝鍏舵墽琛岄熷害蹇簬杞欢锛岀伒娲绘т紭浜庣‖浠讹紝鏄蒋/纭欢缁撳悎鐨勪骇鐗┿備緥濡傦紝鐩墠鎿嶄綔绯荤粺宸插疄鐜颁簡閮ㄥ垎鍥哄寲锛堟妸杞欢姘告亽鍦板瓨鍌ㄤ簬鍙瀛樺偍鍣ㄤ腑锛夈 diff --git a/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation-ex.md b/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation-ex.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..abeaa11 --- /dev/null +++ b/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation-ex.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +# 鏁版嵁琛ㄧず涓庤繍绠椾範棰 + +## 鏁板埗涓庣紪鐮 + +### 杩涗綅璁℃暟鍒 + +#### 鍗佽繘鍒惰浆鎹负R杩涘埗 + +**渚嬮** 灏嗗崄杩涘埗鐨$75.3$杞崲涓轰簩杩涘埗骞朵繚鐣欎笁浣嶃 + +棣栧厛灏$75$鎷垮嚭鏉ワ紝浠ュ熀鏁$2$鐩搁櫎锛 + +$75\div2=37\dots1$锛$37\div2=18\dots1$锛$18\div2=9\dots0$锛$9\div2=4\dots1$锛$4\div2=2\dots0$锛$2\div2=1\dots0$锛$1\div2=0\dots1$锛岃繖涓『搴忔槸浠庝綆浣嶅埌楂樹綅鐨勶紝鎵浠$75$杞崲浜岃繘鍒跺氨鏄$1001011$銆 + +鐒跺悗鏄灏忔暟$0.3$鐨勫鐞嗭細 + +$0.3\times2=0.6=0+0.6$锛$0.6\times2=1.2=1+0.2$锛$0.2\times2=0.4=0+0.4$锛岃繖涓『搴忔槸浠庨珮浣嶅埌浣庝綅鐨勶紝鎵浠$0.3$杞崲浜岃繘鍒跺氨鏄$0.010$銆 + +鎵浠ヨ浆鎹㈡渶鍚庡緱鍒$1001011.010B$銆 + +### 鏁版嵁鏍¢獙 + +**渚嬮** + +#### 寰幆鍐椾綑鏍¢獙鐮 + +**渚嬮** 鍦$CRC$涓紝鎺ユ敹绔娴嬪嚭鏌愪竴浣嶆暟鎹敊璇悗锛岀籂姝g殑鏂规硶鏄()銆 + +$A.$璇锋眰閲嶅彂 + +$B.$鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁 + +$C.$閫氳繃浣欐暟鍊艰嚜琛岀籂姝 + +$D.$浠ヤ笂鍧囧彲 diff --git a/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation.md b/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation.md index 9621a0b..041f0ea 100644 --- a/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation.md +++ b/Computer-Organization/1-data-representation-and-operation.md @@ -15,21 +15,21 @@ #### R杩涘埗 -+ 鍩烘暟锛氭瘡涓暟鐮佷綅鎵鐢ㄥ埌鐨勪笉鍚岀鍙风殑涓暟锛宺杩涘埗鐨勫熀鏁皉銆 ++ 鍩烘暟锛氭瘡涓暟鐮佷綅鎵鐢ㄥ埌鐨勪笉鍚岀鍙风殑涓暟锛宺杩涘埗鐨勫熀鏁$r$銆 + R杩涘埗杞崲涓哄崄杩涘埗锛$K_nK_{n-1}\cdots K_2K_1K_0K_{-1}K_{-2}\cdots K_{-m}=K_n\times r^n+K_{n-1}\times r^{n-1}\cdots K_2\times r^2+K_1\times r^1+K_0\times r^0+K_{-1}\times r^{-1}+K_{-2}\times r^{-2}\cdots K_{-m}\times r^{-m}=\sum_{i=-m}^nK_i\times r^i$銆 -+ 浜岃繘鍒讹細0銆1銆 ++ 浜岃繘鍒讹細$0$銆$1$銆 + 浣跨敤浜岃繘鍒剁殑鍘熷洜锛 1. 鍙娇鐢ㄤ袱涓ǔ瀹氱姸鎬佺殑鐗╃悊鍣ㄤ欢琛ㄧず銆 - 2. 0锛1姝eソ瀵瑰簲閫昏緫鍊煎亣銆佺湡銆傛柟渚垮疄鐜伴昏緫杩愮畻銆 + 2. $0$锛$1$姝eソ瀵瑰簲閫昏緫鍊煎亣銆佺湡銆傛柟渚垮疄鐜伴昏緫杩愮畻銆 3. 鍙緢鏂逛究鍦颁娇鐢ㄩ昏緫闂ㄧ數璺疄鐜扮畻鏈繍绠椼 -+ 鍏繘鍒讹細0銆1銆2銆3銆4銆5銆6銆7銆傚彲浠ョ敤涓嬫爣鏂瑰紡琛ㄦ槑锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄧ粨鏉熺殑O鎴栧紑澶寸殑0琛ㄧず銆傚$(1643)_8$銆01643銆1643O銆 -+ 鍗佽繘鍒讹細0銆1銆2銆3銆4銆5銆6銆7銆8銆9銆傚彲浠ョ敤涓嬫爣鏂瑰紡琛ㄦ槑锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄧ粨鏉熺殑D琛ㄧず锛屽$(1643)_{10}$銆1643D銆 -+ 鍗佸叚杩涘埗锛0銆1銆2銆3銆4銆5銆6銆7銆8銆9銆丄銆丅銆丆銆丏銆丒銆丗銆傚彲浠ョ敤涓嬫爣鏂瑰紡琛ㄦ槑锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄧ粨鏉熺殑H鎴栧紑澶寸殑0x琛ㄧず銆傚$(1643)_{16}$銆0x1643銆1643H銆 ++ 鍏繘鍒讹細$0\sim7$銆傚彲浠ョ敤涓嬫爣鏂瑰紡琛ㄦ槑锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄧ粨鏉熺殑$O$鎴栧紑澶寸殑$0$琛ㄧず銆傚$(1643)_8$銆$01643$銆$1643O$銆 ++ 鍗佽繘鍒讹細$0\sim9$銆傚彲浠ョ敤涓嬫爣鏂瑰紡琛ㄦ槑锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄧ粨鏉熺殑$D$琛ㄧず锛屽$(1643)_{10}$銆$1643D$銆 ++ 鍗佸叚杩涘埗锛$0\sim9$銆$A$銆$B$銆$C$銆$D$銆$E$銆$F$銆傚彲浠ョ敤涓嬫爣鏂瑰紡琛ㄦ槑锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄧ粨鏉熺殑$H$鎴栧紑澶寸殑$0x$琛ㄧず銆傚$(1643)_{16}$銆$0x1643$銆$1643H$銆 #### 浜岃繘鍒朵笌鍏繘鍒舵垨鍗佸叚杩涘埗杞崲 -+ 浜岃繘鍒惰浆鎹㈠叓杩涘埗锛氫笁浣嶄竴缁勶紝姣忕粍杞崲鎴愬搴旂殑鍏繘鍒剁鍙凤紝鏁存暟閮ㄥ垎涓嶅叏鍒欐渶楂樹綅鐢0濉厖锛屽皬鏁伴儴鍒嗕笉鍏ㄥ垯鏈浣庝綅鐢0濉厖銆 -+ 浜岃繘鍒惰浆鎹㈠崄鍏繘鍒讹細鍥涗綅涓缁勶紝姣忕粍杞崲鎴愬搴旂殑鍗佸叚杩涘埗绗﹀彿锛屾暣鏁伴儴鍒嗕笉鍏ㄥ垯鏈楂樹綅鐢0濉厖锛屽皬鏁伴儴鍒嗕笉鍏ㄥ垯鏈浣庝綅鐢0濉厖銆 ++ 浜岃繘鍒惰浆鎹㈠叓杩涘埗锛氫笁浣嶄竴缁勶紝姣忕粍杞崲鎴愬搴旂殑鍏繘鍒剁鍙凤紝鏁存暟閮ㄥ垎涓嶅叏鍒欐渶楂樹綅鐢$0$濉厖锛屽皬鏁伴儴鍒嗕笉鍏ㄥ垯鏈浣庝綅鐢$0$濉厖銆 ++ 浜岃繘鍒惰浆鎹㈠崄鍏繘鍒讹細鍥涗綅涓缁勶紝姣忕粍杞崲鎴愬搴旂殑鍗佸叚杩涘埗绗﹀彿锛屾暣鏁伴儴鍒嗕笉鍏ㄥ垯鏈楂樹綅鐢$0$濉厖锛屽皬鏁伴儴鍒嗕笉鍏ㄥ垯鏈浣庝綅鐢$0$濉厖銆 + 鍏繘鍒惰浆鎹簩杩涘埗锛氭瘡浣嶅叓杩涘埗瀵瑰簲鐨勪笁浣嶄簩杩涘埗銆 + 鍗佸叚杩涘埗杞崲浜岃繘鍒讹細姣忎綅鍗佸叚杩涘埗瀵瑰簲鐨勫洓浣嶄簩杩涘埗銆 @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ + 鏁存暟閮ㄥ垎闇瑕佷娇鐢ㄩ櫎鍩哄彇浣欐硶锛屽皬鏁伴儴鍒嗛渶瑕佷娇鐢ㄤ箻鍩哄彇鏁存硶銆 + 瀵逛簬鍗佽繘鍒舵暟锛岄渶瑕佹妸瀹冨垎涓烘暣鏁伴儴鍒嗗拰灏忔暟閮ㄥ垎涓や釜閮ㄥ垎杩涜澶勭悊銆 -+ 宸茬煡R杩涘埗杞崲涓哄崄杩涘埗鐨勬柟娉曪細$K=K_nK_{n-1}\cdots K_2K_1K_0K_{-1}K_{-2}\cdots K_{-m}=K_n\times r^n+K_{n-1}\times r^{n-1}\cdots K_2\times r^2+K_1\times r^1+K_0\times r^0+K_{-1}\times r^{-1}+K_{-2}\times r^{-2}\cdots K_{-m}\times r^{-m}$銆 ++ 宸茬煡$R$杩涘埗杞崲涓哄崄杩涘埗鐨勬柟娉曪細$K=K_nK_{n-1}\cdots K_2K_1K_0K_{-1}K_{-2}\cdots K_{-m}=K_n\times r^n+K_{n-1}\times r^{n-1}\cdots K_2\times r^2+K_1\times r^1+K_0\times r^0+K_{-1}\times r^{-1}+K_{-2}\times r^{-2}\cdots K_{-m}\times r^{-m}$銆 + 鍒嗕负鏁存暟閮ㄥ垎鍜屽皬鏁伴儴鍒嗭細$K=N+F$銆 + 棣栧厛鎶婃暣鏁版嬁鍑烘潵寰楀埌$N=K_n\times r^n+K_{n-1}\times r^{n-1}\cdots K_2\times r^2+K_1\times r^1+K_0\times r^0$銆 + 瀵硅繖涓暟闄や互鍩烘暟$r$锛屽緱鍒$X=K_n\times r^{n-1}+K_{n-1}\times r^{n-2}\cdots K_2\times r^1+K_1\times r^0$锛岃繖鏃跺欏氨浼氬緱鍒颁竴涓綑鏁$K_0$銆傛墍浠$N=rX+K_0$锛岃繖鏃跺欏氨鑳界畻鍑$K_0$杩欎釜浣嶆暟浜嗐 @@ -69,57 +69,51 @@ + 灏嗘暣鏁板拰灏忔暟鍚堝湪涓璧峰氨鏄渶鍚庣殑缁撴灉銆 + 鏈夋椂鍊欏皬鏁颁細鍑虹幇鏃犳硶褰诲簳杞崲鐨勬儏鍐碉紝闇瑕佽冭檻淇濈暀澶氬皯浣嶃 -**渚嬮** 灏嗗崄杩涘埗鐨75.3杞崲涓轰簩杩涘埗骞朵繚鐣欎笁浣嶃 - -棣栧厛灏75鎷垮嚭鏉ワ紝浠ュ熀鏁2鐩搁櫎锛 - -75梅2=37鈥︹1锛37梅2=18鈥︹1锛18梅2=9鈥︹0锛9梅2=4鈥︹1锛4梅2=2鈥︹0锛2梅2=1鈥︹0锛1梅2=0鈥︹1锛岃繖涓『搴忔槸浠庝綆浣嶅埌楂樹綅鐨勶紝鎵浠75杞崲浜岃繘鍒跺氨鏄1001011銆 - -鐒跺悗鏄灏忔暟0.3鐨勫鐞嗭細 - -0.3脳2=0.6=0+0.6锛0.6脳2=1.2=1+0.2锛0.2脳2=0.4=0+0.4锛岃繖涓『搴忔槸浠庨珮浣嶅埌浣庝綅鐨勶紝鎵浠0.3杞崲浜岃繘鍒跺氨鏄0.01銆 - -鎵浠ヨ浆鎹㈡渶鍚庡緱鍒1001011.01銆 - 鍚岀悊涔熷彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄦ嫾鍑戞硶灏嗘暟瀛楁嫾鍑戞垚瀵瑰簲鐨勬暟鍊笺傝繖绉嶆柟娉曞浜庡彧鏈夋暣鏁扮殑鏁板兼瘮杈冨ソ鐢ㄣ $2^{12}$|$2^{11}$|$2^{10}$|$2^{9}$|$2^{8}$|$2^{7}$|$2^{6}$|$2^{5}$|$2^{4}$|$2^{3}$|$2^{2}$|$2^{1}$|$2^{0}$|$2^{-1}$|$2^{-2}$|$2^{-3}$ :-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----: 4096|2048|1024|512|256|128|64|32|16|8|4|2|1|0.5|0.25|0.125 +### 鐪熷间笌鏈哄櫒鏁 + +浣跨敤姝h礋鍙疯〃绀烘璐熸暟鐨勫氨鏄湡鍊笺 + +灏嗘暟鐨勭鍙峰拰鏁板间竴璧锋潵缂栫爜鐨勶紝濡傚師鐮併佸弽鐮併佽ˉ鐮佸氨鏄満鍣ㄦ暟銆 + ### BCD鐮 -鍗矪inary-Coded Decimal锛岀敤浜岃繘鍒剁紪鐮佺殑鍗佽繘鍒躲 +鍗$Binary-Coded\,Decimal$锛岀敤浜岃繘鍒剁紪鐮佺殑鍗佽繘鍒躲 -浣跨敤4bit鏉ヨ〃绀0鍒9杩欏崄涓暟锛岃4bit鑳借〃绀哄崄鍏釜鏁帮紝鎵浠ヤ細鍐椾綑鍏釜缁勫悎銆 +浣跨敤$4bit$鏉ヨ〃绀$0$鍒$9$杩欏崄涓暟锛岃$4bit$鑳借〃绀哄崄鍏釜鏁帮紝鎵浠ヤ細鍐椾綑鍏釜缁勫悎銆 #### 8421鐮 -8421鐮佹槸涓绉嶆湁鏉冪爜锛岀1銆2銆3銆4浣嶅垎鍒搴8銆4銆2銆1锛屼娇鐢ㄥ父瑙勭殑浜岃繘鍒舵潵琛ㄧず鍗佽繘鍒讹細 +$8421$鐮佹槸涓绉嶆湁鏉冪爜锛岀$1$銆$2$銆$3$銆$4$浣嶅垎鍒搴$8$銆$4$銆$2$銆$1$锛屼娇鐢ㄥ父瑙勭殑浜岃繘鍒舵潵琛ㄧず鍗佽繘鍒讹紝鍐椾綑鏈鍚庡叚涓細 0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9 :-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-: 0000|0001|0010|0011|0100|0101|0110|0111|1000|1001 -濡985鐢8421鐮佽〃绀哄氨鏄1001 1000 0101銆 +濡$985$鐢$8421$鐮佽〃绀哄氨鏄$1001\,1000\,0101$銆 -浣跨敤8421鐮佽〃绀虹殑鏁板瓧杩涜绠楁湳杩愮畻鐨勬柟寮忔槸鍏堟寜鐓т簩杩涘埗鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛岃繍绠楋紝鑻ユ渶鍚庣粨鏋滀笉鍦ㄦ槧灏勮〃涓紝鍗宠惤鍦ㄦ病鏈夊畾涔夌殑1010鍒1111涓紝灏辩洿鎺ュ姞涓6锛堝洜涓烘湁鍏綅鏃犳晥锛屾墍浠ュ姞涓婂叚浣嶈烦杩囨棤鏁堢殑浣嶆暟锛変粠鑰岃繘涓浣嶏紝澶氫簡涓娈佃ˉ鍏0銆傛瘡涓瀵瑰簲鐨勬暟鍊煎悎鍦ㄤ竴璧峰氨鏄師鏉ョ殑缁撴灉銆 +浣跨敤$8421$鐮佽〃绀虹殑鏁板瓧杩涜绠楁湳杩愮畻鐨勬柟寮忔槸鍏堟寜鐓т簩杩涘埗鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛岃繍绠楋紝鑻ユ渶鍚庣粨鏋滀笉鍦ㄦ槧灏勮〃涓紝鍗宠惤鍦ㄦ病鏈夊畾涔夌殑$1010$鍒$1111$涓紝灏辩洿鎺ュ姞涓$6$锛堝洜涓烘湁鍏綅鏃犳晥锛屾墍浠ュ姞涓婂叚浣嶈烦杩囨棤鏁堢殑浣嶆暟锛変粠鑰岃繘涓浣嶏紝澶氫簡涓娈佃ˉ鍏$0$銆傛瘡涓瀵瑰簲鐨勬暟鍊煎悎鍦ㄤ竴璧峰氨鏄師鏉ョ殑缁撴灉銆 -濡5+8=0101+1000=1101=13锛屼笉鍦ㄦ槧灏勮〃涓紝鍒欏1101鍔6锛屽嵆璁$畻19锛屽緱鍒1 0011杩欎釜鍊硷紝琛ラ綈寰楀埌0001 0011锛岃屾寜鐓8421鐮侊紝鏈楂樹綅鐨0001涓嶅啀浠h〃鏉冨16锛岃屼唬琛ㄥ崄浣嶇殑1锛岃屽悗闈㈡槸3锛屼粠鑰岀粍鍚堝湪涓璧峰氨浠h〃浜13銆 +濡$5+8=0101+1000=1101=13$锛屼笉鍦ㄦ槧灏勮〃涓紝鍒欏$1101$鍔$6$锛屽嵆璁$畻$19$锛屽緱鍒$1\,0011$杩欎釜鍊硷紝琛ラ綈寰楀埌$0001\,0011$锛岃屾寜鐓$8421$鐮侊紝鏈楂樹綅鐨$0001$涓嶅啀浠h〃鏉冨$16$锛岃屼唬琛ㄥ崄浣嶇殑$1$锛岃屽悗闈㈡槸$3$锛屼粠鑰岀粍鍚堝湪涓璧峰氨浠h〃浜$13$銆 #### 浣欎笁鐮 -鍦8421鐮佺殑鍩虹涓婂叏閮ㄥ姞涓婁笁锛 +鍦$8421$鐮佺殑鍩虹涓婂叏閮ㄥ姞涓婁笁锛 0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9 :-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-: 0011|0100|0101|0110|0111|1000|1001|1010|1011|1100 -浣欎笁鐮佸洜涓哄姞涓婁簡涓夛紝鎵浠ユ瘡涓浣嶇殑鏉冨兼槧灏勫叧绯诲氨鐮村潖浜嗭紝鎵浠ヨ繖鏄竴绉嶆棤鏉冪爜锛屼笉鑳藉垎鍒搴8銆4銆2銆1鐨勫笺 +浣欎笁鐮佸洜涓哄姞涓婁簡涓夛紝鎵浠ユ瘡涓浣嶇殑鏉冨兼槧灏勫叧绯诲氨鐮村潖浜嗭紝鎵浠ヨ繖鏄竴绉嶆棤鏉冪爜锛屼笉鑳藉垎鍒搴$8$銆$4$銆$2$銆$1$鐨勫笺 #### 2421鐮 -涓8421鐮佷竴鏍烽兘鏄竴绉嶆湁鏉冪爜锛屼絾鏄槧灏勭殑鏂瑰紡涓嶅悓锛岀1銆2銆3銆4浣嶅垎鍒搴2銆4銆2銆1銆 +涓$8421$鐮佷竴鏍烽兘鏄竴绉嶆湁鏉冪爜锛屼絾鏄槧灏勭殑鏂瑰紡涓嶅悓锛岀$1$銆$2$銆$3$銆$4$浣嶅垎鍒搴$2$銆$4$銆$2$銆$1$銆 0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9 :-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-: @@ -129,26 +123,29 @@ $2^{12}$|$2^{11}$|$2^{10}$|$2^{9}$|$2^{8}$|$2^{7}$|$2^{6}$|$2^{5}$|$2^{4}$|$2^{3 #### 鑻辨枃瀛楃琛ㄧず -ASCII鐮侊紝鏁板瓧鑻辨枃绗﹀彿涓鍏128涓瓧绗︼紝浣跨敤7浣嶅氨鍙互琛ㄧず128涓瓧绗︼紝浣嗘槸閫氬父浼氶珮浣嶈ˉ0鍑戣冻1B锛 +$ASCII$鐮侊紝鏁板瓧鑻辨枃绗﹀彿涓鍏$128$涓瓧绗︼紝浣跨敤$7$浣嶅氨鍙互琛ㄧず$128$涓瓧绗︼紝浣嗘槸閫氬父浼氶珮浣嶈ˉ$0$鍑戣冻$1B$锛 -+ 鍏朵腑32鍒126鏄彲鍗板埛瀛楃锛屽叾浠栭兘鏄帶鍒舵垨閫氫俊瀛楃銆 -+ 鏁板瓧锛48锛0011 0000锛夊埌57锛0011 1001锛夛紝鍚庨潰4浣嶅氨鏄暟瀛楃殑8421鐮併 -+ 澶у啓瀛楁瘝锛65锛0100 0001锛夊埌90锛0101 1010锛夛紝鍓嶉潰涓変綅鏄010锛屽悗闈簲浣嶄唬琛1鍒26銆 -+ 灏忓啓瀛楁瘝锛97锛0110 0001锛夊埌122锛0111 1010锛夛紝鍓嶉潰涓変綅鏄011锛屽悗闈簲浣嶄唬琛1鍒26銆 ++ 鍏朵腑$32$鍒$126$鏄彲鍗板埛瀛楃锛屽叾浠栭兘鏄帶鍒舵垨閫氫俊瀛楃銆 ++ 鏁板瓧锛$48$锛$0011\,0000$锛夊埌$57$锛$0011\,1001$锛夛紝鍚庨潰$4$浣嶅氨鏄暟瀛楃殑$8421$鐮併 ++ 澶у啓瀛楁瘝锛$65$锛$0100\,0001$锛夊埌$90$锛$0101\,1010$锛夛紝鍓嶉潰涓変綅鏄$010$锛屽悗闈簲浣嶄唬琛$1$鍒$26$銆 ++ 灏忓啓瀛楁瘝锛$97$锛$0110\,0001$锛夊埌$122$锛$0111\,1010$锛夛紝鍓嶉潰涓変綅鏄$011$锛屽悗闈簲浣嶄唬琛$1$鍒$26$銆 #### 涓枃瀛楃琛ㄧず -+ GB 2312-80锛1980骞存帹鍑烘眽瀛楀姞绗﹀彿鍏7445涓〃绀虹殑瀛楃銆備腑鏂囨湁涓や釜瀛楄妭銆 - + 鍖轰綅鐮侊細94涓尯锛屾瘡涓尯94浣嶃 - + 鍥芥爣鐮侊細涓轰簡涓枃瀛楃琛ㄧず涓庤嫳鏂囧瓧绗﹁〃绀哄叡瀛橈紝闃叉GB缂栫爜琚涓烘槸ASCII鐮佺殑0鍒32浣嶇殑鎺у埗鎴栭氫俊瀛楃锛屾墍浠ュ湪94鍖94浣嶇殑鍩虹涓婅繕瑕佸悇鑷姞涓32锛屽嵆20H锛岄槻姝俊鎭氦鎹㈡椂鍐茬獊銆 - + 姹夊瓧鍐呯爜锛氬浗鏍囩爜鍙兘鐢ㄤ簬淇℃伅浼犺緭锛岃屽鏋滄槸瀛樺偍鍦ㄨ绠楁満涓婏紝鐢变簬鍓128浣嶅凡缁忚ASCII鐮佸崰鐢ㄤ簡锛屾墍浠ュ湪鍥芥爣鐮佺殑鍩虹涓婂啀鍚勮嚜鍔80H锛128锛夛紝浠庤岃绠楁満璇嗗埆瀛楃鏃讹紝鐪嬪埌0鍒128涔嬮棿鐨勫氨鑳借鲸璁ゅ嚭鏄疉SCII鐮侊紝澶т簬128鐨勫氨鏄疓B鐮併傚洜涓篈SCII鐮侀珮浣嶆槸0锛岃孏B鐮佹槸涓や釜瀛楄妭涓旈珮浣嶉兘鏄1銆 -+ 杈撳叆缂栫爜锛氬鎷奸煶銆佷簲绗旂瓑渚涗汉绫昏緭鍏ワ紝杈撳叆缂栫爜杈撳叆鍚庤浆鎹负鍥芥爣鐮佸啀杞垚姹夊瓧鍐呯爜瀛樺偍銆 -+ 姹夊瓧瀛楀舰鐮侊細鎶婃眽瀛楄緭鍑烘垚姹夊瓧鐨勬牱瀛愩 ++ $GB\,2312-80$锛$1980$骞存帹鍑烘眽瀛楀姞绗﹀彿鍏$7445$涓〃绀虹殑瀛楃銆備腑鏂囨湁涓や釜瀛楄妭銆 ++ 姹夊瓧缂栫爜鍖呮嫭姹夊瓧鐨勮緭鍏ョ紪鐮併佹眽瀛楀唴鐮併佹眽瀛楀瓧褰㈢爜锛岀敤浜庤緭鍏ャ佸唴閮ㄥ鐞嗐佽緭鍑恒 + + 杈撳叆缂栫爜锛氬鎷奸煶銆佷簲绗旂瓑渚涗汉绫昏緭鍏ワ紝杈撳叆缂栫爜杈撳叆鍚庤浆鎹负鍥芥爣鐮佸啀杞垚姹夊瓧鍐呯爜瀛樺偍銆 + + 鍖轰綅鐮侊細涓や釜瀛楄妭琛ㄧず涓涓眽瀛楋紝姣忓瓧鑺傜敤涓冧綅鐮侊紝灏嗘眽瀛楀拰绗﹀彿鎺掓垚$94$涓尯锛屾瘡涓尯$94$浣嶃傚洓浣嶅崄杩涘埗鏁帮紝鍓嶄袱浣嶆槸鍖虹爜锛屽悗涓や綅涓轰綅鐮併 + + 鍥芥爣鐮侊細灏嗗崄杩涘埗鐨勫尯浣嶇爜杞崲涓哄崄鍏繘鍒躲備负浜嗕腑鏂囧瓧绗﹁〃绀轰笌鑻辨枃瀛楃琛ㄧず鍏卞瓨锛岄槻姝$GB$缂栫爜琚涓烘槸$ASCII$鐮佺殑$0$鍒$32$浣嶇殑鎺у埗鎴栭氫俊瀛楃锛屾墍浠ュ湪$94$鍖$94$浣嶇殑鍩虹涓婅繕瑕佸悇鑷姞涓$32$锛屽嵆$20H$锛岄槻姝俊鎭氦鎹㈡椂鍐茬獊銆傚浗鏍囩爜涓ゅ瓧鑺傛渶楂樹綅閮芥槸$0$銆 + + 姹夊瓧鍐呯爜锛氬浗鏍囩爜鍙兘鐢ㄤ簬淇℃伅浼犺緭锛岃屽鏋滄槸瀛樺偍鍦ㄨ绠楁満涓婏紝鐢变簬鍓$128$浣嶅凡缁忚$ASCII$鐮佸崰鐢ㄤ簡锛屾墍浠ュ湪鍥芥爣鐮佺殑鍩虹涓婂啀鍚勮嚜鍔$80H$锛$128$锛夛紝浠庤岃绠楁満璇嗗埆瀛楃鏃讹紝鐪嬪埌$0$鍒$128$涔嬮棿鐨勫氨鑳借鲸璁ゅ嚭鏄$ASCII$鐮侊紝澶т簬$128$鐨勫氨鏄$GB$鐮併傚洜涓$ASCII$鐮侀珮浣嶆槸$0$锛岃$GB$鐮佹槸涓や釜瀛楄妭涓旈珮浣嶉兘鏄$1$銆 + + 鍥芥爣鐮=鍖轰綅鐮$H$+$2020H$銆 + + 姹夊瓧鍐呯爜=鍥芥爣鐮$H$+$8080H$銆 + + 姹夊瓧瀛楀舰鐮侊細鎶婃眽瀛楄緭鍑烘垚姹夊瓧鐨勬牱瀛愩 #### 瀛楃涓 -+ 鑻ヤ竴涓绠楁満鎸夊瓧鑺傜紪鍧锛屽垯姣忎釜鍦板潃瀵瑰簲Q1B銆 -+ 寰堝璇█涓皢'\0'鍗00H浣滀负瀛楃涓茬粨鏉熸爣蹇椼 ++ 鑻ヤ竴涓绠楁満鎸夊瓧鑺傜紪鍧锛屽垯姣忎釜鍦板潃瀵瑰簲$Q1B$銆 ++ 寰堝璇█涓皢$'\backslash0'$鍗$00H$浣滀负瀛楃涓茬粨鏉熸爣蹇椼 + 澶х妯″紡锛氬皢鏁版嵁鐨勬渶楂樻湁鏁堝瓧鑺傚瓨鏀惧湪浣庡湴鍧鍗曞厓涓 + 灏忕妯″紡锛氬皢鏁版嵁鐨勬渶楂樻湁鏁堝瓧鑺傚瓨鏀惧湪楂樺湴鍧鍗曞厓涓 @@ -160,25 +157,25 @@ ASCII鐮侊紝鏁板瓧鑻辨枃绗﹀彿涓鍏128涓瓧绗︼紝浣跨敤7浣嶅氨鍙互琛ㄧず128 + 鐮佸瓧锛氱敱鑻ュ共浣嶄唬鐮佺粍鎴愮殑涓涓瓧銆 + 涓や釜鐮佸瓧闂寸殑璺濈锛氬皢涓や釜鐮佸瓧閫愪綅杩涜瀵规瘮锛屽叿鏈変笉鍚岀殑浣嶇殑涓暟銆 + 鐮佽窛锛氫竴绉嶇紪鐮佹柟妗堝彲鑳芥湁鑻ュ共涓悎娉曠爜瀛楋紝鍚勫悎娉曠爜瀛楅棿鐨勬渶灏忚窛绂汇 -+ 褰撶爜璺=1鏃讹紝鏃犳閿欒兘鍔涳紱褰撶爜璺=2鏃讹紝鏈夋閿欒兘鍔涳紱褰撶爜璺濃墺3鏃讹紝鑻ヨ璁″悎鐞嗭紝鍙兘鍏锋湁妫閿欍佺籂閿欒兘鍔涖 ++ 褰撶爜璺$=1$鏃讹紝鏃犳閿欒兘鍔涳紱褰撶爜璺$=2$鏃讹紝鏈夋閿欒兘鍔涳紱褰撶爜璺$\geqslant3$鏃讹紝鑻ヨ璁″悎鐞嗭紝鍙兘鍏锋湁妫閿欍佺籂閿欒兘鍔涖 #### 濂囧伓鏍¢獙鐮 -+ 濂囨牎楠岀爜锛氭暣涓牎楠岀爜锛堟湁鏁堜俊鎭綅鍜屾牎楠屼綅锛変腑涓1鐨勪釜鏁颁负濂囨暟銆 -+ 鍋舵牎楠岀爜锛氭暣涓牎楠岀爜锛堟湁鏁堜俊鎭綅鍜屾牎楠屼綅锛変腑涓1鐨勪釜鏁颁负鍋舵暟銆 ++ 濂囨牎楠岀爜锛氭暣涓牎楠岀爜锛堟湁鏁堜俊鎭綅鍜屾牎楠屼綅锛変腑涓$1$鐨勪釜鏁颁负濂囨暟銆 ++ 鍋舵牎楠岀爜锛氭暣涓牎楠岀爜锛堟湁鏁堜俊鎭綅鍜屾牎楠屼綅锛変腑涓$1$鐨勪釜鏁颁负鍋舵暟銆 + 鍋朵綅鏁板嚭閿欐椂鏃犳硶鏍¢獙銆 -+ 瀵瑰師濮嬫暟鎹繘琛屽紓鎴栵紙妯2鍔狅級杩愮畻锛屽緱鍒扮殑缁撴灉鍗充负鏍¢獙浣嶃 -+ 瀵规墍鏈夋暟鎹繘琛屽紓鎴栬繍绠楋紝缁撴灉涓0琛ㄧず鏈嚭閿欙紝涓1浠h〃鍑洪敊銆 -+ 鐮佽窛涓2锛屽彧鑳芥閿欙紝涓嶈兘绾犻敊銆 ++ 瀵瑰師濮嬫暟鎹繘琛屽紓鎴栵紙妯′簩鍔狅級杩愮畻锛屽緱鍒扮殑缁撴灉鍗充负鏍¢獙浣嶃 ++ 瀵规墍鏈夋暟鎹繘琛屽紓鎴栬繍绠楋紝缁撴灉涓$0$琛ㄧず鏈嚭閿欙紝涓$1$浠h〃鍑洪敊銆 ++ 鐮佽窛涓$2$锛屽彧鑳芥閿欙紝涓嶈兘绾犻敊銆 #### 娴锋槑鐮 + 灏嗕俊鎭垎缁勮繘琛屽伓鏍¢獙锛屼粠鑰屽緱鍒板涓牎楠屼綅锛屼粠鑰岃兘鎼哄甫澶氱鐘舵佷俊鎭 + 璁句俊鎭綅涓$n$锛屾牎楠屼綅涓$k$锛屼粠鑰岃兘琛ㄨ揪$2^k$涓姸鎬侊紝鑰屼俊鎭綅+鏍¢獙浣嶄竴鍏$n+k$浣嶏紝鍙敊涓浣嶇殑鐘舵佺鏁板姞涓婁竴绉嶆纭姸鎬佷负$n+k+1$锛屼粠鑰$2^k\geqslant n+k+1$銆 -+ 浠や俊鎭綅涓$D_i$锛屾牎楠屼綅涓$P_j$锛屾绘捣鏄庣爜涓$H_k$锛屽叾涓牎楠屼綅$P_j$蹇呴』鏀惧湪娴锋槑鐮$H_k$浣嶅彿浣$2^{j-1}$鐨勪綅缃笂锛屽嵆1銆2銆4銆8绛夈 -+ 濡傛灉娌℃湁鍙戠敓閿欒锛屽垯姣忎竴浣嶈繘琛屾閿欓兘鏄0锛岃嫢鍑虹幇1锛屽垯璇存槑鍑洪敊銆 ++ 浠や俊鎭綅涓$D_i$锛屾牎楠屼綅涓$P_j$锛屾绘捣鏄庣爜涓$H_k$锛屽叾涓牎楠屼綅$P_j$蹇呴』鏀惧湪娴锋槑鐮$H_k$浣嶅彿浣$2^{j-1}$鐨勪綅缃笂锛屽嵆$1$銆$2$銆$4$銆$8$绛夈 ++ 濡傛灉娌℃湁鍙戠敓閿欒锛屽垯姣忎竴浣嶈繘琛屾閿欓兘鏄$0$锛岃嫢鍑虹幇$1$锛屽垯璇存槑鍑洪敊銆 + 涓轰簡妫娴嬫槸涓浣嶉敊杩樻槸涓や綅閿欙紝涓鑸細鍔犱笂涓涓叏鏍¢獙浣嶏紝瀵规暣浣撹繘琛屽伓鏍¢獙銆 -+ 鍏锋湁涓浣嶅拰涓や綅鐨勭籂閿欐閿欒兘鍔涳紝涓変綅浠ヤ笂鍒欎笉鑳界籂閿欍 ++ 鍏锋湁涓浣嶇殑绾犻敊鍜屼袱浣嶇殑妫閿欒兘鍔涳紝涓変綅浠ヤ笂鍒欎笉鑳芥閿欍 n|1|2-4|5-11|12-26|27-57|58-120 :-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:--:|:----: @@ -186,22 +183,23 @@ k|2|3|4|5|6|7 #### 寰幆鍐椾綑鏍¢獙鐮 -+ 鍗矯RC鐮侊紝鍏舵濇兂鏄細 - 1. 鏁版嵁鍙戦併佹帴鍙楁柟绾﹀畾涓涓滈櫎鏁扳濄 - 2. K涓俊鎭綅+R涓牎楠屼綅浣滀负鈥滆闄ゆ暟鈥濓紝娣诲姞鏍¢獙浣嶅悗闇淇濊瘉闄ゆ硶鐨勪綑鏁颁负0銆 - 3. 鏀跺埌鏁版嵁鍚庯紝杩涜闄ゆ硶妫鏌ヤ綑鏁版槸鍚︿负0銆 -+ 寰楀埌CRC鐮佺殑鏂规硶锛 - 1. 纭畾K鍜孯浠ュ強鐢熸垚澶氶」寮忓搴旂殑浜岃繘鍒剁爜銆傚叾涓璕浣嶇敓鎴愬椤瑰紡鐨勬渶楂樻骞傛暟銆 - 2. 灏嗕俊鎭爜宸︾ЩR浣嶏紝浣庝綅琛0銆 ++ 鍗$CRC$鐮侊紝鍏舵濇兂鏄細 + 1. 鏁版嵁鍙戦併佹帴鍙楁柟绾﹀畾涓涓滈櫎鏁扳濈敓鎴愬椤瑰紡$G(x)$銆$R$涓$G(x)$浣嶆暟鍑忎竴銆 + 2. $K$涓俊鎭綅+$R$涓牎楠屼綅浣滀负鈥滆闄ゆ暟鈥濓紝娣诲姞鏍¢獙浣嶅悗闇淇濊瘉闄ゆ硶鐨勪綑鏁颁负$0$銆 + 3. 鏀跺埌鏁版嵁鍚庯紝杩涜闄ゆ硶妫鏌ヤ綑鏁版槸鍚︿负$0$銆 ++ 寰楀埌$CRC$鐮佺殑鏂规硶锛 + 1. 纭畾$K$鍜$R$浠ュ強鐢熸垚澶氶」寮忓搴旂殑浜岃繘鍒剁爜銆傚叾涓璕浣嶇敓鎴愬椤瑰紡鐨勬渶楂樻骞傛暟銆 + 2. 灏嗕俊鎭爜宸︾ЩR浣嶏紝浣庝綅琛$0$銆 3. 浣跨敤妯′簩闄ゆ硶銆 4. 浣欐暟灏辨槸鏍¢獙浣嶏紝鍙瘮澶氶」寮忓皯涓浣嶃 - 5. 瀵瑰叏閮ㄦ暟鎹繘琛屽椤瑰紡闄わ紝浣欐暟涓0浠h〃鏃犳帾銆 - 6. 鑻ヤ綑鏁颁笉涓0锛屽垯鍑洪敊銆 - 7. 鑻$n$涓俊鎭綅锛$k$涓牎楠屼綅锛岃嫢鐢熸垚澶氶」寮忓緱褰擄紝涓$2^k\geqslant n+k+1$锛屽垯CRC鐮佸彲绾犳涓浣嶉敊銆傚疄闄呬笂鍩烘湰涓婁笉鎬庝箞鐢ㄦ潵绾犻敊銆 + 5. 瀵瑰叏閮ㄦ暟鎹繘琛屽椤瑰紡闄わ紝浣欐暟涓$0$浠h〃鏃犳帾銆 + 6. 鑻ヤ綑鏁颁笉涓$0$锛屽垯鍑洪敊銆 + 7. 鑻$n$涓俊鎭綅锛$k$涓牎楠屼綅锛岃嫢鐢熸垚澶氶」寮忓緱褰擄紝涓$2^k\geqslant n+k+1$锛屽垯$CRC$鐮佸彲绾犳涓浣嶉敊銆傚疄闄呬笂鍩烘湰涓婁笉鎬庝箞鐢ㄦ潵绾犻敊銆 ++ 妫閿欙細灏嗘敹鍒扮殑$CRC$鐮佺敤鐢熸垚澶氶」寮$G(x)$鍋氭ā浜屽嚭鍙戯紝鑻ラ櫎鏁颁负$0$鍒欑爜瀛楁棤璇紝鑻ュ彧鏈変竴浣嶄负$1$锛屽垯璇ヤ綅鍑洪敊锛屾洿澶氫綅鍒欐棤娉曟閿欍傚嵆鍙叿鏈変竴浣嶇殑妫閿欑籂閿欒兘鍔涖 ## 瀹氱偣鏁 -鎸囧皬鏁扮偣鐨勪綅缃笉鍙橈紝浣跨敤甯歌璁℃暟娉曪紝濡96.94銆 +鎸囧皬鏁扮偣鐨勪綅缃笉鍙橈紝浣跨敤甯歌璁℃暟娉曪紝濡$96.94$銆 ### 瀹氱偣鏁拌〃绀