diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes deleted file mode 100644 index b634d85..0000000 --- a/.gitattributes +++ /dev/null @@ -1 +0,0 @@ -*.pdf filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text diff --git a/408Exam/README.md b/408Exam/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..af277ea --- /dev/null +++ b/408Exam/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +# 408 真题 + +下载链接: +http://caiyun.feixin.10086.cn/dl/1A5CvuwAc1oIk 提取密码:9vSD \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第一章.pdf b/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第一章.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd68afe --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第一章.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:c48abad020cfb3dcb229b5f8fd233be0e14d54b01e19192b32abf1eb9bd62ef9 +size 22143201 diff --git a/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第三章.pdf b/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第三章.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a1dfe7d --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第三章.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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sha256:a1f0f256fd6dcb013ecdeadb9fb4d3a92999bfad64a9cd030f8a134486ca3b6e +size 5393553 diff --git a/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第四章.pdf b/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第四章.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..735a25c --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerNetwork/PPT/计网第四章.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4f46e7c51c30c4c12b4ff18b9b3e5480f32415b1d70024e0386ea70cb61a4557 +size 11820188 diff --git a/ComputerNetwork/README.md b/ComputerNetwork/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1294be3 --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerNetwork/README.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +# 计算机网络(ComputerNetwork) diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/CO_0_Introduction/Doc_0_0_计算机系统概述.md b/ComputerOrganization/CO_0_Introduction/Doc_0_0_计算机系统概述.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4e8d6a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerOrganization/CO_0_Introduction/Doc_0_0_计算机系统概述.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +# 计算机系统概述 + +## 什么是计算机系统 + +计算机系统=硬件+软件 + +![image-20200726202448571](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gh4n8vx9dij31640qwh6a.jpg) + +### 软件的划分 + +![image-20200726202536999](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gh4n9oi5scj31hi0lsx6b.jpg) + +### 硬件的发展 + +![image-20200726203231845](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gh4ngvp5whj31k70u04qq.jpg) + +微处理器的发展 + +![image-20200726203323797](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gh4nhrx8ffj31md0u0hdt.jpg) + +![image-20200726203516013](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gh4njq1ov4j31c40leaua.jpg) + +### 软件的发展 + diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/CO_0_Introduction/README.md b/ComputerOrganization/CO_0_Introduction/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/PPT/1.0_你好,我是计算机组成原理.pdf b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/1.0_你好,我是计算机组成原理.pdf new file mode 100755 index 0000000..bda6e94 --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/1.0_你好,我是计算机组成原理.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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2153394 diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.4_奇偶校验码.pdf b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.4_奇偶校验码.pdf new file mode 100755 index 0000000..e6951c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.4_奇偶校验码.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:03aabecdb7f2104fe885f4bc91be99f3077b107ea004909521c9d6ca1e7a65db +size 694690 diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.5_海明校验码.pdf b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.5_海明校验码.pdf new file mode 100755 index 0000000..af2ea92 --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.5_海明校验码.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:306ebd75e1398d4fd5a05052e11264339bff8d6dde7dad263f6e49eb40469103 +size 1061875 diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.6_循环冗余校验码.pdf b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.6_循环冗余校验码.pdf new file mode 100755 index 0000000..42b887b --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerOrganization/PPT/2.1.6_循环冗余校验码.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:7dfe5c30f1972f39755faf8c13e7168572fbfd13acc80f29d830143d50d74195 +size 531935 diff --git a/ComputerOrganization/README.md b/ComputerOrganization/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7dbe9fb --- /dev/null +++ b/ComputerOrganization/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +# 计算机组成原理(ComputerOrganization) + + + + + diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/DS_0_0_love.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/DS_0_0_love.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..44da26f --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/DS_0_0_love.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/17. +// + +#include + +//下面四种函数的时间复杂度值得分析一二 + +//逐步递增型爱你 +void LoveYou0(int n){ + int i=1; + while (i<=n){ + printf("I love you %d \n",i); + i++; + } + printf("I love you more than %d\n",n); +} + +//嵌套循环型爱你 +void loveYou1(int n){ + int i=1; + while (i<=n){ + i++; + printf("I love you %d\n",i); + for (int j = 1; j 1){ + loveYou4(n-1); + } + printf("I love you %d\n",n); +}//递归调用会带来多余的内存开销 + +//测试函数 +void Test(){ + LoveYou0(30); + loveYou1(30); + loveYou2(30); + + int array[5]={2,10,100,1000,10000}; + //声明一个数组并初始化 + loveYou3(array,10); + loveYou4(4); + +} + +int main(){ + Test(); + return 0; +} diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_0_数据结构基本概念.md b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_0_数据结构基本概念.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d612bac --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_0_数据结构基本概念.md @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +# 绪论第一节 + +![image-20200616203728181](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuetqfhjsj30ol0eh432.jpg) + +## 基本概念 + +### 什么是数据? + +数据是**信息的载体**,是客观描述事物属性的数、字符及**所有能输入到计算机中并被计算机程序识别和处理的符号**的集合。数据是计算机程序加工的原料。 + +### 数据元素、数据项 + +**数据元素**是数据的基本单位,通常作为一个整体进行考虑和处理。 + +一个数据元素可由若干**数据项**组成,数据项是构成数据元素的不可分割的最小单位。 + +### 数据结构、数据对象 + +结构——各个元素之间的关系 + +**数据结构**是互相之间存在一个或多种**特定关系**的数据元素的集合。 + +**数据对象**是具有**相同性质**的数据元素的集合,是一个数据的子集。 + +## 三要素 + +![image-20200616204952204](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuf6l2hecj30mu08a77r.jpg) + +### 逻辑结构 + +即,数据元素之间的逻辑关系是什么? + +![image-20200616205141919](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuf8hwsrsj30ij07w40n.jpg) + +#### 集合 + +![image-20200616205508144](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufc2oz43j30g90chgpg.jpg) + +各个数据元素同属一个集合,别无其它关系 + +#### 线性结构 + +![image-20200616205527638](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufcetgb3j30fn0a7n14.jpg) + +数据元素之间是一对一的关系,除了第一个元素,所有元素都有唯一前驱,除了最后一个元素,所有元素都有唯一后继 + +#### 树形结构 + +![image-20200616205648476](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufdsxoxdj307u0dp774.jpg) + +数据元素之间是一对多的关系 + +#### 图结构 + +![image-20200616205732165](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufeklp71j309a0cx775.jpg) + +数据元素之间是多对多的关系 + +### 物理结构 + +即,物理结构,如何用计算机表示数据元素的逻辑关系? + +#### 顺序存储 + +![image-20200616205941135](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufgt6r70j30o80d4wjn.jpg) + +**把逻辑上相邻的元素存储在物理地址上也相邻的存储单元中**,元素之间的关系由存储单元的领接关系来体现。 + +#### 链式存储 + +![image-20200616210302754](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufkbheq8j30u70d944u.jpg) + +#### 索引存储 + +![image-20200616210349944](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufl3zghqj30rw0fgdn6.jpg) + +#### 散列存储 + +![image-20200616210434678](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuflw76d2j30tf0aw438.jpg) + +#### 总结 + +![image-20200616210508542](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufmh5xb4j30oh09742a.jpg) + +1. 若采用顺序存储,则各个数据元素在物理上必须是连续的;若采用非顺存储,则各个数据元素在物理上是可以离散的 +2. 数据的存储结构会影响存储空间的分配的方便程度 +3. 数据的存储机构会影响对数据运算的速度 + +### 数据的运算 + +施加在数据上的运算包括运算的定义和实现。运算的定义是针对逻辑结构的,正对运算的功能;运算的实现是针对存储结构的,指的是运算实现的具体操作步骤。 + +## 数据类型、抽象数据类型 + +### 数据类型 + +数据类型是一个值的集合和定义在此集合的一组操作的总称。 + +1. 原子类型,其值不可再分的数据类型 +2. 结构类型,其值可以再分解为若干成分(分量)的数据类型 + +![image-20200616211417412](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfufw04oidj30rk05w0vw.jpg) + +### 抽象数据类型 + +Abstract Data Type (ADT)是抽象数据组织及与之相关的操作。 + +ADT 是用数学化的语言定义数据的逻辑结构、定义运算。与其具体的实现无关(类似于定义类吗?可能) + +## 总结 + +![image-20200616212103345](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfug31fiwgj30s00gq7f0.jpg) + +![image-20200616212152228](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfug3w4k7sj30vy0fbqcu.jpg) + +在探讨一种数据结构时: + +1. 定义逻辑结构(数据原元素之间的关系) +2. 定义数据的运算(针对现实需求,应该对这种逻辑结构进行什么样的运算) +3. 确定某种存储结构,实现数据结构,并实现一些对数据结构的基本运算 + +![image-20200616212530957](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfug7om407j30o90gxago.jpg) + diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_1_算法基本概念.md b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_1_算法基本概念.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6cf8743 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_1_算法基本概念.md @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + +# 绪论第二节——算法 + +## 基本概念 + +![image-20200616214853491](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfugvzxnvwj30kp06q76j.jpg) + +### 什么是算法? + +程序=数据结构+算法 + +![image-20200616215006166](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfugx9fo26j30mb07fn0y.jpg) + +###算法的特性 + +1. 有穷性:一个算法必须总在执行有穷步之后结束,且每一步都可在有穷时间内完成。 + + 注:算法必须是有穷的,二程序可以是无穷的。 + + ![image-20200616215340371](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuh0zabt5j30ir06k77k.jpg) + +2. 确定性:算法每一条指令必须有确切的含义,对于相同的输入只能得出相同的输出 + +3. 可行性:算法描述的操作都可以通过已经实现的基本运算执行有限次来实现。 + +4. 输入:一个算法有0个或多个输入,这些输入取自某个特定对象的集合。 + +5. 输出:一个算法有一个或多个输出,这些输出是与输入有着某种特定关系的量。 + + 五个特性,缺一不可 + +####“好”算法的特质 + +1. 正确性:算法应能正确地解决求解问题。 +2. 可读性:算法应具有良好的可读性,帮助人们理解。 +3. 健壮性:输入非法数据时,算法能适当地做出反应或进行处理,而不会产生莫名其妙的输出结果。 +4. 高效率与底存储量需求:执行速度快,时间复杂度低。不费内存,空间复杂度低。 + +###总结 + +![image-20200616220536590](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuhdekssej30sl0jdqf5.jpg) + +## 算法效率的度量 + +![image-20200616220923527](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuhhbotwbj30ld057wgp.jpg) + +### 如何评估算法时间开销? + +**让算法先运行,事后统计运行时间?** + +存在的问题? + +* 和机器性能有关,比如:超级计算机VS单片机 +* 和编程语言有关,越高级的语言执行效率越低,没错,就是越低 +* 和编译程序产生的机器指令质量有关 +* 有些算法是不能事后统计的,比如,导弹控制算法。 + +评价一个算法优劣时,需要排除与算法本身无关的外界因素,能否事先估计? + +### 算法时间复杂度 + +事前预估算法时间开销T(n)与问题规模n的关系(T 表示 time) + +如何计算T,例子: + +![image-20200616234743261](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfukbpctznj31k70u0hdt.jpg) + +#### 问题1:是否可以忽略表达式某些部分? + +![image-20200616235203889](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfukg635rdj31ik0u0u0x.jpg) + +1. 加法规则:多项相加,只保留最高阶的项,且系数变为1 + + ![image-20200616235558501](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfukk8om4cj321y0cedxg.jpg) + +2. 乘法规则:多项相乘,都保留 + + ![image-20200616235856976](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuknbut9qj31ga0bigsj.jpg) + +##### 算法时间复杂度阶数顺序 + +![image-20200617000121744](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfukpu8233j31da06atdu.jpg) + +![image-20200617000310666](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfukrq8z28j31eu0u04qp.jpg) + +#### 如果有好几千行代码,需要一行一行数? + +1. 顺序执行的代码只会影响常数项,可以忽略 +2. 只需要挑循环中的一个基本操作,分析它的执行次数和n的关系就好 +3. 如果有多层嵌套循环,只需要关注最深层的循环循环了几次 + +#### 小练习 + +![image-20200617001603926](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gful55dhkwj31m50u0qv5.jpg) + +![image-20200617001659516](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gful64i4plj31ih0u0b29.jpg) + +![image-20200617001353856](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gful2voqyhj31lu0u0qv5.jpg) + +#### 总结 + +![image-20200617001826231](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gful7lx0gkj31u20u01kx.jpg) + +算法的性能问题只有在n很大时才会暴露出来。 + +### 算法空间复杂度 + +#### 原地工作算法 + +![image-20200617002424730](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuldv14wbj31o20u07wh.jpg) + +分析空间复杂度时,只需关注与问题规模相关的变量就好(讲人话,就是,看程序中的变量就好) + +![image-20200617002625466](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfulfxjzfoj31s00u0e4m.jpg) + +加法法则 + +![image-20200617002941853](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfuljbdlnbj31kn0u07wh.jpg) + +#### 函数递归调用带来的内存开销 + +![image-20200617003249255](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfulmkft4xj31ln0u0e81.jpg) + +在这种情况下,空间复杂度等于递归调用的深度。 + +![image-20200617003702543](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfulqyn7d0j31nm0u04qp.jpg) + +递归调用的过程中,每一次开辟的内存空间也可以不一致,如上例。 + +#### 总结 + +![image-20200617003857723](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfulsypll3j31th0u01kx.jpg) + diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_2_错题总结.md b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_2_错题总结.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..70e4f5a --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/Doc_0_2_错题总结.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +# 错题总结 + +## 绪论 + +### 1.1数据结构 + +![image-20200620141611126](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqa8kf1rj30yh060wfv.jpg) + +![image-20200620141729678](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqbk41kvj31f206b0v6.jpg) + + + +![image-20200620141623755](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqaevwtfj30ue06l0tv.jpg) + +![image-20200620141744664](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqbtib1sj31fz089jur.jpg) + + + +![image-20200620141644083](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqarkhbsj313j06b403.jpg) + +![image-20200620141822782](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqchm5t8j31g406ign4.jpg) + + + +![image-20200620141659734](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqb1il2zj30zj05u401.jpg) + +![image-20200620141857733](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyqd350p8j31ed0dhn3s.jpg) + + + +### 1.2算法 + +![image-20200620144456037](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyr43sg3dj312c069myh.jpg) + +![image-20200620144443934](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyr3wgujdj30xs076whm.jpg) + + + +![image-20200620144648263](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyr6226oaj31d4088tbd.jpg) + +![image-20200620144742685](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyr6zu9jcj30yc05z41a.jpg) + + + +![image-20200620144922849](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyr8qk4j9j31760fkgq1.jpg) + +![image-20200620145032775](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyr9y47p5j30vj07q0wy.jpg) + + + +![image-20200620145234727](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyrc2fq5oj31aw038my9.jpg) + +![image-20200620145244254](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyrc7ypikj30xu0bdta5.jpg) + +![image-20200620145307619](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfyrcn4hzfj30sl05y763.jpg) + + + diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/README.md b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d20b581 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_0_Introduction/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +# 绪论 + +## 目录 + +* [数据结构基本概念](Doc_0_0_数据结构基本概念.md) +* [算法基本概念](Doc_0_1_算法基本概念.md) +* [课后习题错题总结](Doc_0_2_错题总结.md) + +## 课件目录 + + + diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_0_SqList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_0_SqList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..98f45cf --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_0_SqList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/17. +// + +//顺序表——静态分配的实现方式 +#include +#define MaxSize 10 + +typedef struct { + int data[MaxSize]; + int length; +}SqList; + +//函数声明 +void PrintSqList(SqList L); + +// + + +//初始化 +void InitList(SqList &L){ + for (int i = 0; i < MaxSize; i++) { + L.data[i]=0;//将所有元素的初始值默认设置为0 + //这一步其实可以省略,但是省略之后,有可能受到内存中"脏数据"的影响 + } + L.length=0; + +} +//判空 +bool Empty(SqList L){ + return (L.length==0); +} + +//插入 +bool ListInsert(SqList &L,int i,int e){ + //判断插入的位置是否合法, + if (i<1||i>L.length+1) + return false; + //判断表是否存满了 + if (L.length>=MaxSize) + return false; + + //后面的元素后移 + for (int j = L.length; j >=i ; j--) { + L.data[j]=L.data[j-1]; + } + L.data[i-1]=e; + L.length++; + return true; +} + +//删除 +bool ListDelete(SqList &L,int i,int &e){ + //判断i的位置是否合法 + if(i<0||i>L.length){ + return false; + } + //取出将要被删除的数 + e=L.data[i-1]; + //将其后的数据前移 + for (int j = i; j <=L.length ; j++) { + L.data[j-1]=L.data[j]; + } + //线性表长度减一 + L.length--; + return true; +} + +//查找 +//按位查找 +int GetElem(SqList L,int i){ + //判断是否越界 + if (i<0||i>L.length) + return -1; + return L.data[i-1]; +} + +//按值查找 +int LocateElem(SqList L,int e){ + //循环出查找 + for (int i = 0; i =L.length)return false; + + //由于是用数组实现的方式,可以直接利用i查找 + L.data[i]=em; + return true; + +} + +//Change Test +void ChangeTest(SqList &L,int e,int em1,int i, int em2){ + //change 修改元数据用引用的方式 + printf("开始测试【改】\n" + "第一种方式先按值查找后改值\n"); + if (LocateChangeElem(L,e,em1)){ + printf("第一种先按值查找后改值成功啦,改变后的值如下:\n"); + PrintSqList(L); + } else{ + printf("第一种先按值查找后改值失败了,再检查一下吧!\n"); + } + printf("第二种先按位序查找后改值\n"); + if (getChangeElem(L,i,em2)){ + printf("第二种先按位序查找后改值的方式成功啦,改变后的值如下:\n"); + PrintSqList(L); + } else{ + printf("第二种先按位序查找后改值的方式失败了,再检查一下吧!\n"); + } + + +} + +//销毁 +//由于静态分配方式是通过声明数组的方式实现的,故不需要手动销毁SqList表,在使用完成之后,系统会自动删除数据并回收数据空间 + +//测试 +//打印整个顺序表 +void PrintSqList(SqList L){ + //循环打印 + printf("开始打印顺序表\n"); + for (int i = 0; i < L.length ; i++) { + printf("Data[%d]==%d\n",i,L.data[i]); + } + printf("打印结束!\n"); +} + +//测试函数 +void Test(){ + SqList L; + InitList(L); + +// 初试化一些值 + L.data[0]=1; + L.data[1]=2; + L.data[2]=3; + L.length=3; + + //插入操作 + if (ListInsert(L,2,3)){ + printf("插入成功了\n"); + } else{ + printf("插入失败了,i的位置不合法,请检查\n"); + } + + //删除操作 + int e=-1; + if (ListDelete(L,2,e)){ + printf("删除成功!删除的值是:%d\n",e); + } else{ + printf("删除失败,请检查位序是否正确\n"); + } + + //数组当前长度 + printf("数组当前长度是多少?%d\n",L.length); + + //查找第一个元素是什么? + printf("第一个元素是什么?\n %d\n",GetElem(L,1)); + + //查找值为3的元素在什么位置 + printf("第一个值为3的元素在什么位置?\n %d \n",LocateElem(L,3)); + + //打印输出 + PrintSqList(L); + + //测试改模块功能是否正常 + ChangeTest(L,2,6,1,7); + + //打印输出 + PrintSqList(L); +} + +//主函数 +int main(){ + Test(); + return 0; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_1_SqList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_1_SqList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6ea695e --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_1_SqList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/17. +// + +//顺序表——动态分配的实现方式 +#include +#include +#define InitSize 10 +typedef struct { + int *data; //指示动态分配数组的指针 + int MaxSize;//顺序表的最大容量 + int length;//顺序表当前的长度 +}SeqList; + +//初始化 +bool InitList(SeqList &L){ + //用 malloc 函数申请一片连续的存储空间 + L.data=(int *)malloc(InitSize*sizeof(int)); + if (L.data==NULL) + //要细心呀,这里不小心写成了赋值语句,但是没有报错,找了半天错误! + return false; + //(int *) 是指针的强制类型转换 + L.length=0; + L.MaxSize=InitSize; + return true; +} + +//判空 +bool Empty(SeqList L){ + return (L.length==0); +} +//判满 +bool Full(SeqList L){ + return (L.length>=L.MaxSize); +} + +//扩展空间 +void IncreaseSize(SeqList &L,int len){ + printf("开始扩展表存储空间。。。\n"); + int *p=L.data; + L.data=(int *)malloc((InitSize+len)*sizeof(int )); + printf("开始复制转移数据。。。\n"); + for (int i = 0; i < L.length; i++) { + L.data[i]=p[i]; + } + printf("之前内存空间的长度是:%d\n",L.MaxSize); + L.MaxSize=L.MaxSize+len; + free(p); + //malloc 函数用于申请内存空间;free 函数用于释放内存空间; + printf("现在的内存空间长度是%d\n",L.MaxSize); +} + +//插入 +bool ListInsert(SeqList &L,int i,int e){ + //判断插入的位置是否合法, + if (i<1||i>L.length+1) + return false; + //判断表是否存满了 +// if (L.length>=L.MaxSize) +// return false; + if (Full(L)) + return false; + + //后面的元素后移 + for (int j = L.length; j >=i ; j--) { + L.data[j]=L.data[j-1]; + } + L.data[i-1]=e; + L.length++; + return true; +} + + +//按位查找 +int GetElem(SeqList L,int i){ + //判断是否越界 + if (i<0||i>L.length) + return -1; + return L.data[i-1]; +} + +//按值查找 +int LocateElem(SeqList L,int e){ + //循环出查找 + for (int i = 0; i L.length){ + return false; + } + //取出将要被删除的数 + e=L.data[i-1]; + //将其后的数据前移 + for (int j = i; j <=L.length ; j++) { + L.data[j-1]=L.data[j]; + } + //线性表长度减一 + L.length--; + return true; +} + +//销毁 +//由于动态分配方式使用malloc申请的内存空间,故需要使用free函数手动释放空间! +void DestroySqList(SeqList &L){ + free(L.data); + L.data=NULL; + L.length=0; +} + +//测试 +//打印整个顺序表 +void PrintSqList(SeqList L){ + if (L.data==NULL||L.length==0) + printf("这是一个空表!"); + else { + //循环打印 + printf("开始打印顺序表\n"); + for (int i = 0; i < L.length; i++) { + printf("Data[%d]==%d\n", i, L.data[i]); + } + printf("打印结束!\n"); + } +} + +//测试输出 +void TestPrint(bool test,char message[]){ + if(test) + printf("%s成功啦!\n",message); + else + printf("%s失败啦!\n",message); +} + +int main(){ + SeqList L; + + TestPrint(InitList(L),"初始化"); + +// 初试化一些值 + L.data[0]=1; + L.data[1]=2; + L.data[2]=3; + L.length=3; + PrintSqList(L); + + //循环插入直到表满 + int i=4; + int InsertValue=4; + while(L.length +#include + +typedef struct LNode{ + int data; + LNode *next; +}LNode,*LinkList; + +//初试化(带有头节点) +bool InitList(LinkList &L){ + L=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));//分配一个头节点 + if (L==NULL) + return false;//头节点分配失败,可能是内存不足 + L->next=NULL;//头节点之后暂时没有节点,头节点也不存放数据 + return true; +} + +//判空 +bool Empty(LinkList L){ +// if(L->next==NULL) +// return true; +// else +// return false; + return (L->next==NULL); +} + +//按位插入 +bool ListInsert(LinkList &L,int i, int e){ + if (i<1)return false;//判断位序i是否合法 + LNode *p;//指针指向当前扫面到的节点 + int j=0;//记录p指向的节点的位序 + p=L;//L指向头节点,从头开始 + while (p!=NULL&&jnext; + j++; + } + if (p==NULL) //i值超过来表长,不合法 + return false; + LNode *s=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); + s->data=e; + //下面的顺序不可交换 + s->next=p->next; + p->next=s; + return true; +} +//指定节点的后插操作 +bool InsertNextNode(LNode *p,int e){ + if (p==NULL) + return false;//判断指定节点是否存在 + LNode *s=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); + if (s==NULL)return false;//分配内存失败 + s->data=e; + s->next=p->next; + p->next=s; + return true; +} + +//指定节点的前插操作 +//先完成后插,再交换数据以实现前插 +bool InsertPriorNode(LNode *p,int e){ + if (p==NULL)return false; + LNode *s=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); + if (s==NULL)return false; + s->next=p->next; + p->next=s; + s->data=p->data; + p->data=e; + return true; +} + +//按指定位序删除节点并返回其值 +bool ListDelete(LinkList &L,int i,int &e){ + if (i<1)return false; + LNode *p; + int j=0; + p=L; + while (p!=NULL&&jnext; + j++; + } + LNode *q=p->next; + e = q->data; + p->next=q->next; + free(q); + return true; +} + +//删除指定节点 +bool DeleteNode(LNode *p){ + +} + +//Test +void TestPrint(bool test,char about[]){ + if (test) + printf("%s成功\n",about); + else + printf("%s失败\n",about); +} + +void PrintList(LinkList L){ + //循环打印整个链表 + LNode *p=L->next;//扫描指针 + int j=0; + if (p==NULL)printf("这是一个空表\n"); + while (p!=NULL){ + printf("LinkList[%d]=%d\n",j,p->data); + p=p->next; + j++; + } + +} + +int main(){ + LinkList L; + TestPrint(InitList(L),"初始化"); + PrintList(L); + TestPrint(ListInsert(L,1,3),"按位插入"); + PrintList(L); + int e; + TestPrint(ListDelete(L,1,e),"删除"); + PrintList(L); + printf("被删除的数据是:%d\n",e); + return 0; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_3_LinkList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_3_LinkList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c656899 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_3_LinkList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/19. +// + +//不带头节点的单链表 +#include +#include + +typedef struct LNode{ + int data; + struct LNode *next; +}LNode,*LinkList; +//等价于 +//struct LNode{ +// int data; +// struct LNode *next; +//}; +// +//typedef struct LNode LNode; +//typedef struct LNode *LinkList; + +//初始化 +bool InitList(LinkList &L){ + L=NULL;//空表暂时没有任何数据 + return true; +} + +//判断是否为空 +bool Empty(LinkList L){ + return (L==NULL); +} +//等价于 +//bool Empty1(LinkList L){ +// if (L==NULL) +// return true; +// else +// return false; +//} + +bool ListInsert(LinkList &L,int i, int e){ + if (i<1)return false;//判断位序i是否合法 + //不带头节点时,插入位置正好为表头时,得单独处理 + if (i=1){ + LNode *s =(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); + s->data=e; + s->next=L; + L=s; + return true;} + LNode *p;//指针指向当前扫面到的节点 + int j=0;//记录p指向的节点的位序 + p=L;//L指向头节点,从头开始 + while (p!=NULL&&jnext; + j++; + } + if (p==NULL) //i值超过来表长,不合法 + return false; + LNode *s=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode)); + s->data=e; + //下面的顺序不可交换 + s->next=p->next; + p->next=s; + return true; +} + +//Test +void TestPrint(bool test,char about[]){ + if (test) + printf("%s成功\n",about); + else + printf("%s失败\n",about); +} + +void PrintList(LinkList L){ + //循环打印整个链表 + LNode *p=L;//扫描指针 + int j=0; + if (p==NULL)printf("这是一个空表\n"); + while (p!=NULL){ + printf("LinkList[%d]=%d",j,p->data); + p=p->next; + j++; + } +} + +int main(){ + LinkList L; + TestPrint(InitList(L),"初始化"); + PrintList(L); + TestPrint(ListInsert(L,1,2),"按位插入"); + PrintList(L); + + return 0; + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_4_DLinkList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_4_DLinkList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b78069c --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_4_DLinkList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/20. +// + +//带有头节点版本——双链表 + +#include +#include + +typedef struct DNode{ + int data;//数据域 + struct DNode *prior,*next;//前指针和后指针 +}DNode,*DLinkList; + +//初始化 +bool InitDLinkList(DLinkList &L){ + L = (DNode *)malloc(sizeof(DNode));//分配一个头节点 + if (L==NULL) + return false; + L->prior==NULL;//头节点前后指针都指向空 + L->next==NULL; + return true; +} + +//判空 +bool Empty(DLinkList L){ + return (L->next==NULL); +} + +//指定节点的后插操作 +bool InsertNextElem(DNode *p,DNode *s){ + //注意顺序不可交换 + s->next=p->next; + p->next->prior=s; + s->prior=p; + p->next=s; +} + +//删除P节点的后继节点 +bool DeletNextNode(DNode *p){ + if(p == NULL)return false;//p节点为空 + DNode *q=p->next; + if (q==NULL)return false;//P节点没有后继 + p->next=q->next; + if (q->next!=NULL)//q不是最后一个节点 + q->next->prior=p; + free(q);//手动释放内存空间 + return true; +} + +//销毁整个表 +bool DestoryList(DLinkList &L){ + //循环删除并释放每个节点 + while (L->next!=NULL) + DeletNextNode(L); + free(L);//释放头节点 + L=NULL;//头指针指向NULL + +} + +//从P点向后遍历 +bool PrintNextElems(DNode *p){ + if (p==NULL)return false;// + while (p!=NULL){ + printf("当前节点的值是:%d",p->data); + p=p->next; + } + return true; +} + +//从P点向前遍历 +bool PrintPriorElems(DNode *p){ + if (p==NULL)return false;// + while (p!=NULL){ + printf("当前节点的值是:%d",p->data); + p=p->prior; + } + return true; +} + +//从P点向前遍历(跳过头节点) +bool PrintPriorElemsOverHead(DNode *p){ + if (p==NULL)return false;// + while (p->prior!=NULL){ + printf("当前节点的值是:%d",p->data); + p=p->prior; + } + return true; +} + +//测试函数 +void TestPrint(bool test,char message[]){ + if (test) + printf("%s成功啦!\n",message); + else + printf("%s失败啦!\n",message); +} + +int main(){ + DLinkList L; + TestPrint(InitDLinkList(L),"初始化"); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_5_RLinkList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_5_RLinkList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..09e2da1 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_5_RLinkList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/20. +// + +//循环单链表 +#include +#include + +typedef struct LNode{ + int data; + struct LNode *next; +}LNode,*LinkList; + +//初始化一个循环单链表 +bool InitRLinkList(LinkList &L){ + L=(LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));//分配一个头节点 + if (L=NULL) + return false;//内存不足,分配失败; + L->next=L;//头节点nex指向头节点,以此形成循环链表 + return true; +} + +//判断P是不是表尾指针 +bool IsTail(LinkList L,LNode *p){ + return (p->next==L); +} + +int main(){ + + return 0; +} diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_6_RDLinkList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_6_RDLinkList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..800e1d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_6_RDLinkList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/20. +// + +//循环双链表 +#include +#include + +typedef struct DNode{ + int data; + struct DNode *prior,*next; +}DNode,*DLinkList; + +//初始化 +bool InitRDLinkList(DLinkList &L){ + L=(DNode *)malloc(sizeof(DNode));//分配头节点 + if (L==NULL)return false; + L->prior=L; + L->next=L;//循环抱住自己 + return true; +} + +//判断节点p是不是循环双链表的表尾节点 +bool iTail(DLinkList L,DNode *p){ + return (p->next==L); +} + +//在p节点之后插入s节点 +bool InsertNextDNode(DNode *p,DNode *s){ + s->next=p->next; + p->next->prior=s; + s->prior=p; + p->next=s; + return true; +} + +//删除操作 +bool DeleteNextDNode(DLinkList &L,DNode *p){ + DNode *q = p->next; + p->next=q->next; + q->next->prior=p; + free(q); + return true; +} + +int main(){ + + + return 0; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_7_SLinkList.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_7_SLinkList.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40918d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/DS_1_7_SLinkList.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/20. +// + +//静态链表 +#include +#include +#define MaxSize 10 + +//第一种定义方法 +struct Node0{ + int data; + int next; +}; + +void testSLinkList(){ + //声明时 + struct Node0 a[MaxSize]; +} + +//第二种定义方法 +typedef struct Node{ + int data; + int next; +}SLinkList[MaxSize]; + +void TestSLinkList(){ + //第二种方法声明时 + SLinkList a; +} + +//相比之下,第二种方法可读性更强!,推荐 + +int main(){ + //后续来填坑吧!! + + return 0; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/Doc_1_0_线性表.md b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/Doc_1_0_线性表.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de528f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/Doc_1_0_线性表.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +# 线性表 + +##线性表的基本概念 + +![image-20200617165505571](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfve0nemwmj30o80cu77w.jpg) + +### 线性表的定义 + +线性表是具有相同数据类型的n(n>=0)个元素的有限序列。 + +![image-20200617165917735](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfve4zll7lj30up0ik4am.jpg) + +### 线性表的基本操作 + +![image-20200617171119623](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvehigdj1j30w20izdvt.jpg) + + + + +#### 什么时候要传入参数的引用“&”? + +一种是值类型,使用时会直接复制原值,修改参数不会影响原值 + +![image-20200617171738597](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfveo2ng8wj30xe0h3dnd.jpg) + +一种是引用类型,使用时操作的是原值,修改时直接修改原值!(C语言不支持这种引用类型!) + +![image-20200617171916923](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfveps22edj30wd0fdjyr.jpg) + +#### 为什么要实现对数据结构的基本操作? + +1. 团队合作编程,你定义的数据结构要让别人能够很方便的使用(封装) +2. 将常用的操作/运算封装称函数,避免重复工作,降低出错风险。 + +### 总结 + +![image-20200617171547528](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvem5coyuj30vq0e3qc9.jpg) + +注意⚠️:位序是用1开始计算的!!! diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/Doc_1_1_顺序表.md b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/Doc_1_1_顺序表.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2206231 --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_1_LinearList/Doc_1_1_顺序表.md @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ +# 顺序表 +##顺序表的基本概念 + +![image-20200617172240151](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvetax0y7j30v20a6jwv.jpg) + +### 顺序表的定义 + +![image-20200617172428297](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvev6pex4j30w80gydvc.jpg) + +### 顺序表的初始化 + +#### 静态分配 + +![image-20200617172843813](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvezlw2d3j30ww0hjqda.jpg) + +具体实现: + +![image-20200617173539443](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvf6tyv9gj30zh0j67n2.jpg) + +```c +//初始化(静态分配) +void InitList(SqList &L){ + for (int i = 0; i < MaxSize; i++) { + L.data[i]=0;//将所有元素的初始值默认设置为0 + //这一步其实可以省略,但是省略之后,有可能受到内存中"脏数据"的影响 + } + L.length=0; +} +``` + +##### 问题反思 + +1. 如果“数组”存满留怎么办? + +可以放弃治疗,顺序表长刚开始确定后就无法更改(存储空间是静态的) + +2. 如果一开始就声明一个很大的内存空间呢?会存在什么问题? + +浪费,会造成大量的浪费。 + +#### 动态分配 + +![image-20200617190108177](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvhnrmmsaj30uw0gnwp4.jpg) + +具体实现方式 + +![image-20200617190651552](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvhtq2yz3j31020jddxd.jpg) + +```c +//初始化(动态方式) +bool InitList(SeqList &L){ + //用 malloc 函数申请一片连续的存储空间 + L.data=(int *)malloc(InitSize*sizeof(int)); + if (L.data==NULL) + //要细心呀,这里不小心写成了赋值语句,但是没有报错,找了半天错误! + return false; + //(int *) 是指针的强制类型转换 + L.length=0; + L.MaxSize=InitSize; + return true; +} +``` + +#### 总结 + +![image-20200617190838244](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvhvlp3blj30vw0gm48a.jpg) + +![image-20200617191008606](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvhx506r8j30w20ga47f.jpg) + +### 顺序表的基本操作 + +#### 插入 + +ListInsert(&L,i,e):插入操作。在表L中的第i个位置上插入指定元素e。 + +![image-20200617211304785](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvlh1yhi4j30yt0i6tma.jpg) + +详细实现方式: + +![image-20200617212225782](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvlqt37s4j30x10howwh.jpg) + +优化之后: + +![image-20200617212144846](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvlq3dqifj30xg0gjwsn.jpg) + +```c +bool ListInsert(SqList &L,int i,int e){ + //判断插入的位置是否合法, + if (i<1||i>L.length+1) + return false; + //判断表是否存满了 + if (L.length>=MaxSize) + return false; + + //后面的元素后移 + for (int j = L.length; j >=i ; j--) { + L.data[j]=L.data[j-1]; + } + L.data[i-1]=e; + L.length++; + return true; +} +``` + +#####插入操作的时间复杂度分析 + +![image-20200617213723625](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvm6cjrx0j30x80gugxr.jpg) + +#### 删除 + +![image-20200617220850929](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvn335whij30y90i8dww.jpg) + +```c +//删除 +bool ListDelete(SqList &L,int i,int &e){ + //判断i的位置是否合法 + if(i<0||i>L.length){ + return false; + } + //取出将要被删除的数 + e=L.data[i-1]; + //将其后的数据前移 + for (int j = i; j <=L.length ; j++) { + L.data[j-1]=L.data[j]; + } + //线性表长度减一 + L.length--; + return true; +} +``` + + + +##### 删除操作的时间复杂度分析 + +![image-20200617221030044](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvn4sq428j30w20j4qfi.jpg) + +#### 总结反思 + +![image-20200617221250309](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvn78glgxj30x50ffgwe.jpg) + +#### 查找 +#####按位查找 + +GetElem(L,i):按位查找操作,获取表L中第i个位置的元素的值 + +###### 静态分配状态下的实现方式 + +![image-20200617222107279](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvnfu8xd7j30st0cf7bq.jpg) + +###### 动态分配状态下的实现方式 + +![image-20200617222212660](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvngzflxoj30wx0hhang.jpg) + +用指针加数组下标的方式取数据的时候,数组类型决定着取数据时取几个字节!! + +```c +//按位查找 +int GetElem(SeqList L,int i){ + //判断是否越界 + if (i<0||i>L.length) + return -1; + return L.data[i-1]; +} +``` + +###### 按位查找的时间复杂度分析 + +![image-20200617222451314](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfvnjqz0ayj30vk0dvdm6.jpg) + +##### 按值查找 + +![image-20200618215105169](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/007S8ZIlly1gfws6wtavaj30yc0kcaow.jpg) + +```c +//按值查找 +int LocateElem(SeqList L,int e){ + //循环出查找 + for (int i = 0; i + +# define MaxSize 10 +typedef struct { + int data[MaxSize]; + int top; +} SqStack; + +//初始化 +void InitStack(SqStack &S) { + S.top = -1;//这种初始化的方式,栈顶指针始终指向栈顶元素 +} + +//初始化1 +void InitStack1(SqStack &S) { + S.top = 0;//这种初始化方式,栈顶指针始终会指向栈顶元素的下一空元素 +} + +//入栈 +bool Push(SqStack &S, int t) { + if (S.top == MaxSize - 1)return false;//栈满 + S.data[++S.top] = t; +// 等价下面两个语句 +// S.top+=1;//先将栈顶指针指向下一个位置 +// S.data[S.top]=t;//再填充元素 + return true; +} + +//入栈,初始化1 +bool Push1(SqStack &S, int t) { + if (S.top == MaxSize)return false;//栈满,注意初始化条件不一样判空的条件也不一样了 + S.data[S.top++] = t; +// 等价下面两个语句 +// S.data[S.top]=t; +// S.top+=1; +//注意初始化方式不同,上边的顺序也不一样了,先填充元素,再移动指针 + return true; +} + +//出栈,并打印出栈顶元素 +bool Pop(SqStack &S, int &x) { + //判断 + if (S.top == -1)return false;//栈空报错 + x = S.data[S.top--]; +// 等价于下面 +// x=S.data[S.top];//先取元素 +// S.top -=1;//再改指针 + return true; +} + +//出栈,并打印出栈顶元素,初始化1 +bool Pop1(SqStack &S, int &x) { + //判断 + if (S.top == 0)return false;//栈空报错,注意判空条件 + x = S.data[--S.top]; +// 等价于下面 +// S.top -=1; +// x=S.data[S.top]; +//注意初始化方式不同,上边的顺序也不一样了,先将指针指向当前栈顶元素,再将其取出 + return true; +} + +//读取栈顶元素 +bool GetTop(SqStack S, int &x) { + if (S.top == -1)return false; + x = S.data[S.top]; + return true; +} +//读取栈顶元素,初始化1 +bool GetTop1(SqStack S, int &x) { + if (S.top == 0)return false; + x = S.data[S.top-1];//注意按初始化1的方式,这里指针减1才是栈顶元素的位置, + // 同时注意不能使用--S.top,因为这里是读取,不可修改原栈,所以不可和出栈一样 + //但即时这里你错误使用了--S.top,也不会有问题,因为此处的S是值传递,非引用传递,所以你修改的也只是复制之后的S,不会影响原栈S,即时这样也不建议使用--S.top,如果老师较真的话,可以扣分哒 + return true; +} + +//读取栈顶元素的第二种实现方式 +//利用返回值返回栈顶元素,若成功就返回栈顶元素,失败就返回-1; +//缺点:如果栈顶元素就是-1,容易造成误判,正因它的缺点,如果考试考到了它,写这种方式应该是会被扣部分分数的 +int GetTopOther(SqStack S) { + if (S.top == -1)return -1; + return S.data[S.top]; +} + +int GetTopOther1(SqStack S) { + if (S.top == 0)return -1; + return S.data[S.top-1]; +} + + +//打印整个栈 +void PrintStack(SqStack S){ + printf("从栈顶元素开始,栈如下:\n"); + while (S.top>=0){//注意判空的条件 + printf("S[%d]=%d\n",S.top,S.data[S.top--]); + } + printf("栈打印完毕\n"); +} +//打印整个栈,初始化方式1 +void PrintStack1(SqStack S){ + printf("从栈顶元素开始,栈如下:\n"); + while (S.top>0){//注意判空的条件 + printf("S1[%d]=%d\n",S.top-1,S.data[--S.top]);//初始化方式1得先移动指针再获取元素 + } + printf("栈打印完毕\n"); +} + + +void testStack() { + printf("开始测试\n"); + SqStack S; + printf("测试第一种初始化方式\n"); + InitStack(S); + if (Push(S,1)){ + printf("入栈成功啦!\n"); + } else{ + printf("入栈失败了\n"); + } + if (Push(S,2)){ + printf("入栈又成功啦!\n"); + } else{ + printf("入栈又失败了\n"); + } + PrintStack(S); + int x; + if (Pop(S, x)){ + printf("出栈成功,弹出的元素为:%d\n",x); + } else{ + printf("出栈失败了,再检出一下吧!\n"); + } + PrintStack(S); + int x1; + if (GetTop(S,x1)){ + printf("读取栈顶元素成功了,栈顶元素为:%d\n",x1); + }else{ + printf("读取栈顶元素失败,再检查一下吧!\n"); + } + int x4=GetTopOther(S); + if (x4!=-1){ + printf("第二种读取栈顶元素的方式成功了,栈顶元素为:%d\n",x4); + } else{ + printf("第二种读取栈顶元素的方式失败了\n"); + } + + + printf("测试第二种初始化方式\n"); + SqStack S1; + InitStack1(S1); + if (Push1(S1,1)){ + printf("入栈成功啦!\n"); + } else{ + printf("入栈失败了\n"); + } + if (Push1(S1,2)){ + printf("入栈又成功啦!\n"); + } else{ + printf("入栈又失败了\n"); + } + PrintStack1(S1); + int x2; + if (Pop1(S1, x2)){ + printf("出栈成功,弹出的元素为[%d]\n",x2); + } else{ + printf("出栈失败了,再检出一下吧!\n"); + } + PrintStack1(S1); + int x3; + if (GetTop1(S1,x3)){ + printf("读取栈顶元素成功了,栈顶元素为:%d\n",x3); + }else{ + printf("读取栈顶元素失败,再检查一下吧!\n"); + } + int x5=GetTopOther1(S1); + if (x5!=-1){ + printf("第二种读取栈顶元素的方式成功了,栈顶元素为:%d\n",x5); + } else{ + printf("第二种读取栈顶元素的方式失败了\n"); + } + + printf("测试完毕了!\n"); +} + + +int main() { + printf("Hello, SqStack!"); + testStack(); + return 0; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/DS_2_StackAndQueue/DS_2_1_ShStack.cpp b/DataStructure/DS_2_StackAndQueue/DS_2_1_ShStack.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1dc20ef --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/DS_2_StackAndQueue/DS_2_1_ShStack.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ +// +// Created by kim on 2020/6/28. +// + +//共享顺序栈的实现 +//简单来说就是两个栈共享一片存储空间,提高顺序栈的对存储空间的使用率 +#include + +# define MaxSize 10 +typedef struct { + int data[MaxSize]; + int top0; + int top1; +} ShStack; +//从结构体的定义就可以看出来,两个共享栈的根源就在于定义两个指针 + +//初始化 +void InitStack(ShStack &S) { + S.top0 = -1;//这种初始化的方式,栈顶指针始终指向栈顶元素 + S.top1 =MaxSize;//这里的MaxSize就是所谓的第二个栈的栈底 + //可以根据顺序栈的第二种初试化方式,思考一下这种共享顺序栈的第二种初始化方式 + //S.top0=0 + //S.top1=MaxSize-1 +} + + +//入栈0 +bool Push0(ShStack &S, int t) { + if (S.top0 +1== S.top1)return false;//注意共享栈满的条件 + S.data[++S.top0] = t;//仔细品味一下这个++S.top + return true; +} +//入栈1 +bool Push1(ShStack &S, int t) { + if (S.top0 +1== S.top1)return false;//注意共享栈满的条件 + S.data[--S.top1] = t;//仔细品味一下这个--S.top,想想为什么? + return true; +} + + + +//出栈,并打印出栈顶元素 +bool Pop0(ShStack &S, int &x) { + //判断 + if (S.top0 == -1)return false;//栈空报错 + x = S.data[S.top0--]; +// 等价于下面 +// x=S.data[S.top];//先取元素 +// S.top -=1;//再改指针 + return true; +} +//出栈1 +bool Pop1(ShStack &S, int &x) { + //判断 + if (S.top1 == MaxSize)return false;//注意一下它的栈空报错条件 + x = S.data[S.top1++];//注意这个栈修改指针是++ +// 等价于下面 +// x=S.data[S.top];//先取元素 +// S.top +=1;//再改指针 + return true; +} + +//读取栈顶元素,栈0 +bool GetTop0(ShStack S, int &x) { + if (S.top0 == -1)return false; + x = S.data[S.top0]; + return true; +} +//栈1 +bool GetTop1(ShStack S, int &x) { + if (S.top1 == MaxSize)return false; + x = S.data[S.top1]; + return true; +} + + +//打印整个栈,栈0 +void PrintStack0(ShStack S){ + printf("从栈顶元素开始,栈如下:\n"); + while (S.top0>-1){//注意判空的条件 + printf("S[%d]=%d\n",S.top0,S.data[S.top0--]); + } + printf("栈打印完毕\n"); +} +//打印整个栈 +void PrintStack1(ShStack S){ + printf("从栈顶元素开始,栈如下:\n"); + while (S.top1 + +# define MaxSize 10 +typedef struct { + int data[MaxSize]; + int top0; + int top1; +} ShStack; +//从结构体的定义就可以看出来,两个共享栈的根源就在于定义两个指针 + +//初始化 +void InitStack(ShStack &S) { + S.top0 = -1;//这种初始化的方式,栈顶指针始终指向栈顶元素 + S.top1 =MaxSize;//这里的MaxSize就是所谓的第二个栈的栈底 + //可以根据顺序栈的第二种初试化方式,思考一下这种共享顺序栈的第二种初始化方式 + //S.top0=0 + //S.top1=MaxSize-1 +} + + +//入栈0 +bool Push0(ShStack &S, int t) { + if (S.top0 +1== S.top1)return false;//注意共享栈满的条件 + S.data[++S.top0] = t;//仔细品味一下这个++S.top + return true; +} +//入栈1 +bool Push1(ShStack &S, int t) { + if (S.top0 +1== S.top1)return false;//注意共享栈满的条件 + S.data[--S.top1] = t;//仔细品味一下这个--S.top,想想为什么? + return true; +} + + + +//出栈,并打印出栈顶元素 +bool Pop0(ShStack &S, int &x) { + //判断 + if (S.top0 == -1)return false;//栈空报错 + x = S.data[S.top0--]; +// 等价于下面 +// x=S.data[S.top];//先取元素 +// S.top -=1;//再改指针 + return true; +} +//出栈1 +bool Pop1(ShStack &S, int &x) { + //判断 + if (S.top1 == MaxSize)return false;//注意一下它的栈空报错条件 + x = S.data[S.top1++];//注意这个栈修改指针是++ +// 等价于下面 +// x=S.data[S.top];//先取元素 +// S.top +=1;//再改指针 + return true; +} + +//读取栈顶元素,栈0 +bool GetTop0(ShStack S, int &x) { + if (S.top0 == -1)return false; + x = S.data[S.top0]; + return true; +} +//栈1 +bool GetTop1(ShStack S, int &x) { + if (S.top1 == MaxSize)return false; + x = S.data[S.top1]; + return true; +} + + +//打印整个栈,栈0 +void PrintStack0(ShStack S){ + printf("从栈顶元素开始,栈如下:\n"); + while (S.top0>-1){//注意判空的条件 + printf("S[%d]=%d\n",S.top0,S.data[S.top0--]); + } + printf("栈打印完毕\n"); +} +//打印整个栈 +void PrintStack1(ShStack S){ + printf("从栈顶元素开始,栈如下:\n"); + while (S.top1 + int main(){ + printf("Hello, DataStructure!"); +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/DataStructure/PPT/1.0_开篇_数据结构在学什么.pdf b/DataStructure/PPT/1.0_开篇_数据结构在学什么.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0e349fc --- /dev/null +++ b/DataStructure/PPT/1.0_开篇_数据结构在学什么.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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[王道考研](http://cskaoyan.com/forum.php)课程数据结构源代码! + +点击此下载[21 王道数据结构 PDF]() + +虽然是.cpp文件,但主要的是用C语言写的,而非C++。 + +如果想要C++版本的源码,可以参考我学习数据结构时写的一些数据结构的C++版本源码![传送门](https://github.com/KimYangOfCat/Data_Structure) 在此~ + diff --git a/Documents.md b/Documents.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3c3c40f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documents.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# Documents + diff --git a/OperatingSystem/PPT/1.1_1_操作系统的概念、功能.pdf b/OperatingSystem/PPT/1.1_1_操作系统的概念、功能.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b3c6f3c --- /dev/null +++ b/OperatingSystem/PPT/1.1_1_操作系统的概念、功能.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:8e0abfd44539b1e71e4846050ca892e88fc53afc1a913bb5ea51f9ae227e82cf +size 4877932 diff --git a/OperatingSystem/PPT/1.1_2_操作系统的特征.pdf b/OperatingSystem/PPT/1.1_2_操作系统的特征.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c64ab14 --- /dev/null +++ b/OperatingSystem/PPT/1.1_2_操作系统的特征.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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0000000..e456a8b --- /dev/null +++ b/OperatingSystem/README.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +# OperatingSystem \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f1b17b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +# 2021-CSKaoYan-408 + +![](https://img.shields.io/github/languages/top/KimYangOfCat/2021-CSKaoYan-408?color=F8008E) +![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=&message=DataStructure&color=brightgreen) +![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=&message=CpmputerOrganization&color=blueviolet) +![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=&message=NetWork&color=blue) +![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=&message=OperatingSystem&color=important) + +本仓库主要记录了一些我在学习408的过程中的笔记以及常见的DataStructure的算法源码。虽然408被誉为CS考研中最难的专业课, +但是对我而言,学习它只是对我自己专业知识的弥补提升,对未来的职业发展也会有+∞益处。 + +## 20年考408的院校(信息来源于网络,更准确的信息请于各高校官网查询) + +### 985高校 + +- 浙江大学 +- 上海交通大学 +- 同济大学 +- 中国科学技术大学 +- 武汉大学【新增】 +- 南开大学【新增】 +- 复旦大学【新增】 +- 华东师范大学【新增】 +- 中山大学 +- 华南理工大学 + +### 211高校 + +- 海南大学 +- 广西大学 +- 宁夏大学 +- 贵州大学【新增】 +- 青海大学 +- 上海大学 +- 郑州大学【新增】 +- 云南大学【新增】 +- 河北工业大学【新增】 +- 华中农业大学【新增】 +- 西南财经大学 +- 武汉理工大学【新增】 + +## 408 科目 + +### [数据结构](DataStructure) + + +### [计算机组成原理](ComputerOrganization) + + +### [操作系统](OperatingSystem) + + +### [计算机网络](ComputerNetwork) + +## 辅导书籍 + +### [王道系列](/PDF/王道考研%20PDF) + +王道系列起源于[王道考研论坛](http://cskaoyan.com/),从它的论坛中,你能找到不少经验贴,非常值得关注!而王道系列辅导书籍,题量充足,知识点全面,可能更适合科班考研🈶️一定专业课基础的同学。 + +### [天勤系列](/PDF/天勤考研%20PDF) + +天勤系列,相比于王道更注重基础知识,,但是题量并没有王道的多。也正是由于它更注重基础,所以也许它更适合跨考计算机的同学。 + + +但是总的来说,辅导资料这一块儿还是适合自己的最好。所以对自己的知识储备有较为清晰的认识也许对你复习 408 更有帮助。 + +## 贡献 + +看到这里了,如果觉得对你有所帮助的话,不妨给本仓库点个Star吧! + +如果你有新的内容📜想要贡献到本仓库或者发现了本仓库的一些错误🐛,👏🏻欢迎阅读[贡献文档](Documents.md)提交Pr~ +