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matplotlib & pandas
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Python/matplotlab/gallery/misc/set_and_get.md
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Python/matplotlab/gallery/misc/set_and_get.md
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# 设置和获取
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pylot接口允许您使用setp和getp来设置和获取对象属性，以及对象进行内省。
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## 设置
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要将线条的线型设置为虚线，您可以执行以下操作：
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```python
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>>> line, = plt.plot([1,2,3])
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>>> plt.setp(line, linestyle='--')
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```
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如果要了解有效的参数类型，可以提供要设置的属性的名称而不使用值：
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```python
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>>> plt.setp(line, 'linestyle')
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linestyle: [ '-' | '--' | '-.' | ':' | 'steps' | 'None' ]
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```
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如果要查看可以设置的所有属性及其可能的值，您可以执行以下操作：
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```python
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>>> plt.setp(line)
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```
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set在单个实例或实例列表上运行。如果您处于查询模式内省可能的值，则仅使用序列中的第一个实例。实际设置值时，全部
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实例将被设置。 例如，假设您有两行的列表，以下将使两行变粗和变红：
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```python
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>>> x = np.arange(0,1.0,0.01)
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>>> y1 = np.sin(2*np.pi*x)
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>>> y2 = np.sin(4*np.pi*x)
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>>> lines = plt.plot(x, y1, x, y2)
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>>> plt.setp(lines, linewidth=2, color='r')
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```
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## 获取
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get返回给定属性的值。 您可以使用get来查询单个属性的值：
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```python
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>>> plt.getp(line, 'linewidth')
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0.5
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```
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或所有属性/值对：
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```python
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>>> plt.getp(line)
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aa = True
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alpha = 1.0
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antialiased = True
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c = b
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clip_on = True
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color = b
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... long listing skipped ...
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```
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## 别名
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为了减少交互模式中的击键，许多属性具有短的别名，例如，'linew'为'lw'，'markeredgecolor'为'mec'。 当调用set或get in introspection模式时，这些属性将被列为'fullname或aliasname'。
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输出：
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```python
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Line setters
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agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
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alpha: float
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animated: bool
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antialiased: bool
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clip_box: `.Bbox`
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clip_on: bool
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clip_path: [(`~matplotlib.path.Path`, `.Transform`) | `.Patch` | None]
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color: color
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contains: callable
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dash_capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
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dash_joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
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dashes: sequence of floats (on/off ink in points) or (None, None)
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drawstyle: {'default', 'steps', 'steps-pre', 'steps-mid', 'steps-post'}
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figure: `.Figure`
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fillstyle: {'full', 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top', 'none'}
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gid: str
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in_layout: bool
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label: object
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linestyle: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
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linewidth: float
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marker: unknown
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markeredgecolor: color
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markeredgewidth: float
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markerfacecolor: color
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markerfacecoloralt: color
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markersize: float
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markevery: unknown
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path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
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picker: float or callable[[Artist, Event], Tuple[bool, dict]]
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pickradius: float
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rasterized: bool or None
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sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
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snap: bool or None
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solid_capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
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solid_joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
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transform: matplotlib.transforms.Transform
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url: str
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visible: bool
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xdata: 1D array
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ydata: 1D array
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zorder: float
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Line getters
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agg_filter = None
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alpha = None
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animated = False
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antialiased = True
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children = []
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clip_box = TransformedBbox( Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, ...
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clip_on = True
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clip_path = None
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color = r
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contains = None
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dash_capstyle = butt
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dash_joinstyle = round
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data = (array([0. , 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, ...
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drawstyle = default
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figure = Figure(640x480)
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fillstyle = full
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gid = None
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in_layout = True
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label = _line0
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linestyle = --
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linewidth = 2.0
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marker = None
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markeredgecolor = r
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markeredgewidth = 1.0
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markerfacecolor = r
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markerfacecoloralt = none
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markersize = 6.0
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markevery = None
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path = Path(array([[ 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00], ...
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path_effects = []
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picker = None
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pickradius = 5
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rasterized = None
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sketch_params = None
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snap = None
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solid_capstyle = projecting
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solid_joinstyle = round
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transform = CompositeGenericTransform( TransformWrapper( ...
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transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
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url = None
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visible = True
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xdata = [0. 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05]...
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xydata = [[0. 0. ] [0.01 0.06279052] ...
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ydata = [0. 0.06279052 0.12533323 0.18738131 0.248...
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zorder = 2
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Rectangle setters
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agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
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alpha: float or None
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animated: bool
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antialiased: unknown
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capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
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clip_box: `.Bbox`
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clip_on: bool
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clip_path: [(`~matplotlib.path.Path`, `.Transform`) | `.Patch` | None]
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color: color
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contains: callable
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edgecolor: color or None or 'auto'
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facecolor: color or None
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figure: `.Figure`
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fill: bool
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gid: str
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hatch: {'/', '\\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'}
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height: unknown
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in_layout: bool
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joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
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label: object
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linestyle: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
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linewidth: float or None for default
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path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
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picker: None or bool or float or callable
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rasterized: bool or None
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sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
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snap: bool or None
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transform: `.Transform`
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url: str
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visible: bool
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width: unknown
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x: unknown
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xy: (float, float)
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y: unknown
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zorder: float
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Rectangle getters
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agg_filter = None
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alpha = None
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animated = False
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antialiased = True
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bbox = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, y1=1.0)
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capstyle = butt
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children = []
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clip_box = None
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clip_on = True
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clip_path = None
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contains = None
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data_transform = BboxTransformTo( TransformedBbox( Bbox...
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edgecolor = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
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extents = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
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facecolor = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
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figure = Figure(640x480)
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fill = True
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gid = None
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hatch = None
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height = 1.0
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in_layout = True
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joinstyle = miter
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label =
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linestyle = solid
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linewidth = 0.0
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patch_transform = CompositeGenericTransform( BboxTransformTo( ...
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path = Path(array([[0., 0.], [1., 0.], [1.,...
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path_effects = []
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picker = None
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rasterized = None
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sketch_params = None
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snap = None
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transform = CompositeGenericTransform( CompositeGenericTra...
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transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
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url = None
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verts = [[ 80. 52.8] [576. 52.8] [576. 422.4] [ 80...
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visible = True
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width = 1.0
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window_extent = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
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x = 0.0
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xy = (0.0, 0.0)
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y = 0.0
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zorder = 1
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Text setters
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agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
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alpha: float
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animated: bool
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backgroundcolor: color
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bbox: dict with properties for `.patches.FancyBboxPatch`
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clip_box: `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
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clip_on: bool
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clip_path: { (`.path.Path`, `.transforms.Transform`), `.patches.Patch`, None }
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color: color
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contains: callable
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figure: `.Figure`
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fontfamily: {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
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fontname: {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
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fontproperties: `.font_manager.FontProperties`
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fontsize: {size in points, 'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large'}
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fontstretch: {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultra-condensed', 'extra-condensed', 'condensed', 'semi-condensed', 'normal', 'semi-expanded', 'expanded', 'extra-expanded', 'ultra-expanded'}
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fontstyle: {'normal', 'italic', 'oblique'}
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fontvariant: {'normal', 'small-caps'}
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fontweight: {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'regular', 'book', 'medium', 'roman', 'semibold', 'demibold', 'demi', 'bold', 'heavy', 'extra bold', 'black'}
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gid: str
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horizontalalignment: {'center', 'right', 'left'}
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in_layout: bool
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label: object
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linespacing: float (multiple of font size)
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multialignment: {'left', 'right', 'center'}
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path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
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picker: None or bool or float or callable
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position: (float, float)
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rasterized: bool or None
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rotation: {angle in degrees, 'vertical', 'horizontal'}
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rotation_mode: {None, 'default', 'anchor'}
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sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
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snap: bool or None
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text: string or object castable to string (but ``None`` becomes ``''``)
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transform: `.Transform`
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url: str
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usetex: bool or None
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verticalalignment: {'center', 'top', 'bottom', 'baseline', 'center_baseline'}
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visible: bool
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wrap: bool
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x: float
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y: float
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zorder: float
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Text getters
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agg_filter = None
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alpha = None
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animated = False
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bbox_patch = None
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children = []
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clip_box = None
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clip_on = True
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clip_path = None
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color = black
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contains = None
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figure = Figure(640x480)
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fontfamily = ['sans-serif']
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fontname = DejaVu Sans
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fontproperties = :family=sans-serif:style=normal:variant=normal:wei...
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fontsize = 12.0
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fontstyle = normal
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fontvariant = normal
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fontweight = normal
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gid = None
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horizontalalignment = center
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in_layout = True
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label =
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path_effects = []
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picker = None
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position = (0.5, 1.0)
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rasterized = None
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rotation = 0.0
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rotation_mode = None
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sketch_params = None
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snap = None
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stretch = normal
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text = Hi mom
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transform = CompositeGenericTransform( BboxTransformTo( ...
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transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
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unitless_position = (0.5, 1.0)
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url = None
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usetex = False
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verticalalignment = baseline
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visible = True
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wrap = False
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zorder = 3
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```
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```python
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import numpy as np
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x = np.arange(0, 1.0, 0.01)
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y1 = np.sin(2*np.pi*x)
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y2 = np.sin(4*np.pi*x)
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lines = plt.plot(x, y1, x, y2)
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l1, l2 = lines
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plt.setp(lines, linestyle='--') # set both to dashed
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plt.setp(l1, linewidth=2, color='r') # line1 is thick and red
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plt.setp(l2, linewidth=1, color='g') # line2 is thinner and green
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print('Line setters')
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plt.setp(l1)
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print('Line getters')
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plt.getp(l1)
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print('Rectangle setters')
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plt.setp(plt.gca().patch)
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print('Rectangle getters')
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plt.getp(plt.gca().patch)
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t = plt.title('Hi mom')
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print('Text setters')
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plt.setp(t)
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print('Text getters')
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plt.getp(t)
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plt.show()
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```
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## 下载这个示例
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- [下载python源码: set_and_get.py](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/set_and_get.py)
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- [下载Jupyter notebook: set_and_get.ipynb](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/set_and_get.ipynb)
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