matplotlib & pandas

Python/matplotlab/gallery/statistics/boxplot.md

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+# 箱形图中的艺术
+
+此示例演示如何使用各种kwargs完全自定义箱形图。第一个图演示了如何删除和添加单个组件（请注意，平均值是默认情况下未显示的唯一值）。第二个图展示了如何定制艺术家的风格。它还演示了如何将胡须的极限设置为特定的百分位数（右下轴）
+
+关于箱形图及其历史的一般参考可以在这里找到：http://vita.had.co.nz/papers/boxplots.pdf
+
+```python
+import numpy as np
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+# fake data
+np.random.seed(19680801)
+data = np.random.lognormal(size=(37, 4), mean=1.5, sigma=1.75)
+labels = list('ABCD')
+fs = 10  # fontsize
+```
+
+演示如何切换不同元素的显示：
+
+```python
+fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=3, figsize=(6, 6), sharey=True)
+axes[0, 0].boxplot(data, labels=labels)
+axes[0, 0].set_title('Default', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[0, 1].boxplot(data, labels=labels, showmeans=True)
+axes[0, 1].set_title('showmeans=True', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[0, 2].boxplot(data, labels=labels, showmeans=True, meanline=True)
+axes[0, 2].set_title('showmeans=True,\nmeanline=True', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[1, 0].boxplot(data, labels=labels, showbox=False, showcaps=False)
+tufte_title = 'Tufte Style \n(showbox=False,\nshowcaps=False)'
+axes[1, 0].set_title(tufte_title, fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[1, 1].boxplot(data, labels=labels, notch=True, bootstrap=10000)
+axes[1, 1].set_title('notch=True,\nbootstrap=10000', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[1, 2].boxplot(data, labels=labels, showfliers=False)
+axes[1, 2].set_title('showfliers=False', fontsize=fs)
+
+for ax in axes.flatten():
+    ax.set_yscale('log')
+    ax.set_yticklabels([])
+
+fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.4)
+plt.show()
+```
+
+![箱形图示例](https://matplotlib.org/_images/sphx_glr_boxplot_001.png)
+
+演示如何自定义显示不同的元素：
+
+```python
+boxprops = dict(linestyle='--', linewidth=3, color='darkgoldenrod')
+flierprops = dict(marker='o', markerfacecolor='green', markersize=12,
+                  linestyle='none')
+medianprops = dict(linestyle='-.', linewidth=2.5, color='firebrick')
+meanpointprops = dict(marker='D', markeredgecolor='black',
+                      markerfacecolor='firebrick')
+meanlineprops = dict(linestyle='--', linewidth=2.5, color='purple')
+
+fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=3, figsize=(6, 6), sharey=True)
+axes[0, 0].boxplot(data, boxprops=boxprops)
+axes[0, 0].set_title('Custom boxprops', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[0, 1].boxplot(data, flierprops=flierprops, medianprops=medianprops)
+axes[0, 1].set_title('Custom medianprops\nand flierprops', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[0, 2].boxplot(data, whis='range')
+axes[0, 2].set_title('whis="range"', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[1, 0].boxplot(data, meanprops=meanpointprops, meanline=False,
+                   showmeans=True)
+axes[1, 0].set_title('Custom mean\nas point', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[1, 1].boxplot(data, meanprops=meanlineprops, meanline=True,
+                   showmeans=True)
+axes[1, 1].set_title('Custom mean\nas line', fontsize=fs)
+
+axes[1, 2].boxplot(data, whis=[15, 85])
+axes[1, 2].set_title('whis=[15, 85]\n#percentiles', fontsize=fs)
+
+for ax in axes.flatten():
+    ax.set_yscale('log')
+    ax.set_yticklabels([])
+
+fig.suptitle("I never said they'd be pretty")
+fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.4)
+plt.show()
+```
+
+![箱型图示例2](https://matplotlib.org/_images/sphx_glr_boxplot_002.png)
+
+## 下载这个示例
+            
+- [下载python源码: boxplot.py](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/boxplot.py)
+- [下载Jupyter notebook: boxplot.ipynb](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/boxplot.ipynb)