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matplotlib & pandas
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Python/matplotlab/gallery/statistics/histogram_features.md
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Python/matplotlab/gallery/statistics/histogram_features.md
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# 直方图(hist)函数的几个特性演示
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除基本直方图外,此演示还显示了一些可选功能:
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- 设置数据箱的数量。
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- ``标准化``标志,用于标准化箱高度,使直方图的积分为1.得到的直方图是概率密度函数的近似值。
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- 设置条形的面部颜色。
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- 设置不透明度(alpha值)。
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选择不同的存储量和大小会显著影响直方图的形状。Astropy文档有很多关于如何选择这些参数的部分。
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```python
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import matplotlib
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import numpy as np
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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np.random.seed(19680801)
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# example data
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mu = 100 # mean of distribution
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sigma = 15 # standard deviation of distribution
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x = mu + sigma * np.random.randn(437)
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num_bins = 50
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fig, ax = plt.subplots()
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# the histogram of the data
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n, bins, patches = ax.hist(x, num_bins, density=1)
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# add a 'best fit' line
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y = ((1 / (np.sqrt(2 * np.pi) * sigma)) *
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np.exp(-0.5 * (1 / sigma * (bins - mu))**2))
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ax.plot(bins, y, '--')
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ax.set_xlabel('Smarts')
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ax.set_ylabel('Probability density')
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ax.set_title(r'Histogram of IQ: $\mu=100$, $\sigma=15$')
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# Tweak spacing to prevent clipping of ylabel
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fig.tight_layout()
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plt.show()
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```
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## 参考
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此示例显示了以下函数和方法的使用:
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```python
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel
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```
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## 下载这个示例
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- [下载python源码: histogram_features.py](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/histogram_features.py)
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- [下载Jupyter notebook: histogram_features.ipynb](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/histogram_features.ipynb)
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