## 模块简介

matplotlib.pyplot is a state-based interface to matplotlib. It provides a MATLAB-like way of plotting.


## 使用教程
pyplot is mainly intended for interactive plots and simple cases of programmatic plot generation:

```py
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.arange(0, 5, 0.1)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y)
```



## 内部函数

| 名称                                                         | 作用                                                                                                                    |
|------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| acorr\(x, \*\[, data\]\)                                   | Plot the autocorrelation of x\.                                                                                       |
| angle\_spectrum\(x\[, Fs, Fc, window, pad\_to, \.\.\.\]\)  | Plot the angle spectrum\.                                                                                             |
| annotate\(text, xy, \*args, \*\*kwargs\)                   | Annotate the point xy with text text\.                                                                                |
| arrow\(x, y, dx, dy, \*\*kwargs\)                          | Add an arrow to the axes\.                                                                                            |
| autoscale\(\[enable, axis, tight\]\)                       | Autoscale the axis view to the data \(toggle\)\.                                                                      |
| autumn\(\)                                                 | Set the colormap to "autumn"\.                                                                                        |
| axes\(\[arg\]\)                                            | Add an axes to the current figure and make it the current axes\.                                                      |
| axhline\(\[y, xmin, xmax\]\)                               | Add a horizontal line across the axis\.                                                                               |
| axhspan\(ymin, ymax\[, xmin, xmax\]\)                      | Add a horizontal span \(rectangle\) across the axis\.                                                                 |
| axis\(\*args\[, emit\]\)                                   | Convenience method to get or set some axis properties\.                                                               |
| axline\(xy1\[, xy2, slope\]\)                              | Add an infinitely long straight line\.                                                                                |
| axvline\(\[x, ymin, ymax\]\)                               | Add a vertical line across the axes\.                                                                                 |
| axvspan\(xmin, xmax\[, ymin, ymax\]\)                      | Add a vertical span \(rectangle\) across the axes\.                                                                   |
| bar\(x, height\[, width, bottom, align, data\]\)           | Make a bar plot\.                                                                                                     |
| barbs\(\*args\[, data\]\)                                  | Plot a 2D field of barbs\.                                                                                            |
| barh\(y, width\[, height, left, align\]\)                  | Make a horizontal bar plot\.                                                                                          |
| bone\(\)                                                   | Set the colormap to "bone"\.                                                                                          |
| box\(\[on\]\)                                              | Turn the axes box on or off on the current axes\.                                                                     |
| boxplot\(x\[, notch, sym, vert, whis, \.\.\.\]\)           | Make a box and whisker plot\.                                                                                         |
| broken\_barh\(xranges, yrange, \*\[, data\]\)              | Plot a horizontal sequence of rectangles\.                                                                            |
| cla\(\)                                                    | Clear the current axes\.                                                                                              |
| clabel\(CS\[, levels\]\)                                   | Label a contour plot\.                                                                                                |
| clf\(\)                                                    | Clear the current figure\.                                                                                            |
| clim\(\[vmin, vmax\]\)                                     | Set the color limits of the current image\.                                                                           |
| close\(\[fig\]\)                                           | Close a figure window\.                                                                                               |
| cohere\(x, y\[, NFFT, Fs, Fc, detrend, \.\.\.\]\)          | Plot the coherence between x and y\.                                                                                  |
| colorbar\(\[mappable, cax, ax\]\)                          | Add a colorbar to a plot\.                                                                                            |
| connect\(s, func\)                                         | Bind function func to event s\.                                                                                       |
| contour\(\*args\[, data\]\)                                | Plot contours\.                                                                                                       |
| contourf\(\*args\[, data\]\)                               | Plot contours\.                                                                                                       |
| cool\(\)                                                   | Set the colormap to "cool"\.                                                                                          |
| copper\(\)                                                 | Set the colormap to "copper"\.                                                                                        |
| csd\(x, y\[, NFFT, Fs, Fc, detrend, window, \.\.\.\]\)     | Plot the cross\-spectral density\.                                                                                    |
| delaxes\(\[ax\]\)                                          | Remove an Axes \(defaulting to the current axes\) from its figure\.                                                   |
| disconnect\(cid\)                                          | Disconnect the callback with id cid\.                                                                                 |
| draw\(\)                                                   | Redraw the current figure\.                                                                                           |
| draw\_if\_interactive\(\)                                  |                                                                                                                       |
| errorbar\(x, y\[, yerr, xerr, fmt, ecolor, \.\.\.\]\)      | Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers with attached errorbars\.                                                     |
| eventplot\(positions\[, orientation, \.\.\.\]\)            | Plot identical parallel lines at the given positions\.                                                                |
| figimage\(X\[, xo, yo, alpha, norm, cmap, \.\.\.\]\)       | Add a non\-resampled image to the figure\.                                                                            |
| figlegend\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                            | Place a legend on the figure\.                                                                                        |
| fignum\_exists\(num\)                                      | Return whether the figure with the given id exists\.                                                                  |
| figtext\(x, y, s\[, fontdict\]\)                           | Add text to figure\.                                                                                                  |
| figure\(\[num, figsize, dpi, facecolor, \.\.\.\]\)         | Create a new figure, or activate an existing figure\.                                                                 |
| fill\(\*args\[, data\]\)                                   | Plot filled polygons\.                                                                                                |
| fill\_between\(x, y1\[, y2, where, \.\.\.\]\)              | Fill the area between two horizontal curves\.                                                                         |
| fill\_betweenx\(y, x1\[, x2, where, step, \.\.\.\]\)       | Fill the area between two vertical curves\.                                                                           |
| findobj\(\[o, match, include\_self\]\)                     | Find artist objects\.                                                                                                 |
| flag\(\)                                                   | Set the colormap to "flag"\.                                                                                          |
| gca\(\*\*kwargs\)                                          | Get the current axes, creating one if necessary\.                                                                     |
| gcf\(\)                                                    | Get the current figure\.                                                                                              |
| gci\(\)                                                    | Get the current colorable artist\.                                                                                    |
| get\(obj, \*args, \*\*kwargs\)                             | Return the value of an object's property, or print all of them\.                                                      |
| get\_current\_fig\_manager\(\)                             | Return the figure manager of the current figure\.                                                                     |
| get\_figlabels\(\)                                         | Return a list of existing figure labels\.                                                                             |
| get\_fignums\(\)                                           | Return a list of existing figure numbers\.                                                                            |
| get\_plot\_commands\(\)                                    | Get a sorted list of all of the plotting commands\.                                                                   |
| getp\(obj, \*args, \*\*kwargs\)                            | Return the value of an object's property, or print all of them\.                                                      |
| ginput\(\[n, timeout, show\_clicks, mouse\_add, \.\.\.\]\) | Blocking call to interact with a figure\.                                                                             |
| gray\(\)                                                   | Set the colormap to "gray"\.                                                                                          |
| grid\(\[b, which, axis\]\)                                 | Configure the grid lines\.                                                                                            |
| hexbin\(x, y\[, C, gridsize, bins, xscale, \.\.\.\]\)      | Make a 2D hexagonal binning plot of points x, y\.                                                                     |
| hist\(x\[, bins, range, density, weights, \.\.\.\]\)       | Plot a histogram\.                                                                                                    |
| hist2d\(x, y\[, bins, range, density, \.\.\.\]\)           | Make a 2D histogram plot\.                                                                                            |
| hlines\(y, xmin, xmax\[, colors, linestyles, \.\.\.\]\)    | Plot horizontal lines at each y from xmin to xmax\.                                                                   |
| hot\(\)                                                    | Set the colormap to "hot"\.                                                                                           |
| hsv\(\)                                                    | Set the colormap to "hsv"\.                                                                                           |
| imread\(fname\[, format\]\)                                | Read an image from a file into an array\.                                                                             |
| imsave\(fname, arr, \*\*kwargs\)                           | Save an array as an image file\.                                                                                      |
| imshow\(X\[, cmap, norm, aspect, \.\.\.\]\)                | Display data as an image, i\.e\., on a 2D regular raster\.                                                            |
| inferno\(\)                                                | Set the colormap to "inferno"\.                                                                                       |
| install\_repl\_displayhook\(\)                             | Install a repl display hook so that any stale figure are automatically redrawn when control is returned to the repl\. |
| ioff\(\)                                                   | Turn the interactive mode off\.                                                                                       |
| ion\(\)                                                    | Turn the interactive mode on\.                                                                                        |
| isinteractive\(\)                                          | Return if pyplot is in "interactive mode" or not\.                                                                    |
| jet\(\)                                                    | Set the colormap to "jet"\.                                                                                           |
| legend\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                               | Place a legend on the axes\.                                                                                          |
| locator\_params\(\[axis, tight\]\)                         | Control behavior of major tick locators\.                                                                             |
| loglog\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                               | Make a plot with log scaling on both the x and y axis\.                                                               |
| magma\(\)                                                  | Set the colormap to "magma"\.                                                                                         |
| magnitude\_spectrum\(x\[, Fs, Fc, window, \.\.\.\]\)       | Plot the magnitude spectrum\.                                                                                         |
| margins\(\*margins\[, x, y, tight\]\)                      | Set or retrieve autoscaling margins\.                                                                                 |
| matshow\(A\[, fignum\]\)                                   | Display an array as a matrix in a new figure window\.                                                                 |
| minorticks\_off\(\)                                        | Remove minor ticks from the axes\.                                                                                    |
| minorticks\_on\(\)                                         | Display minor ticks on the axes\.                                                                                     |
| new\_figure\_manager\(num, \*args, \*\*kwargs\)            | Create a new figure manager instance\.                                                                                |
| nipy\_spectral\(\)                                         | Set the colormap to "nipy\_spectral"\.                                                                                |
| pause\(interval\)                                          | Run the GUI event loop for interval seconds\.                                                                         |
| pcolor\(\*args\[, shading, alpha, norm, cmap, \.\.\.\]\)   | Create a pseudocolor plot with a non\-regular rectangular grid\.                                                      |
| pcolormesh\(\*args\[, alpha, norm, cmap, vmin, \.\.\.\]\)  | Create a pseudocolor plot with a non\-regular rectangular grid\.                                                      |
| phase\_spectrum\(x\[, Fs, Fc, window, pad\_to, \.\.\.\]\)  | Plot the phase spectrum\.                                                                                             |
| pie\(x\[, explode, labels, colors, autopct, \.\.\.\]\)     | Plot a pie chart\.                                                                                                    |
| pink\(\)                                                   | Set the colormap to "pink"\.                                                                                          |
| plasma\(\)                                                 | Set the colormap to "plasma"\.                                                                                        |
| plot\(\*args\[, scalex, scaley, data\]\)                   | Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers\.                                                                             |
| plot\_date\(x, y\[, fmt, tz, xdate, ydate, data\]\)        | Plot data that contains dates\.                                                                                       |
| polar\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                                | Make a polar plot\.                                                                                                   |
| prism\(\)                                                  | Set the colormap to "prism"\.                                                                                         |
| psd\(x\[, NFFT, Fs, Fc, detrend, window, \.\.\.\]\)        | Plot the power spectral density\.                                                                                     |
| quiver\(\*args\[, data\]\)                                 | Plot a 2D field of arrows\.                                                                                           |
| quiverkey\(Q, X, Y, U, label, \*\*kw\)                     | Add a key to a quiver plot\.                                                                                          |
| rc\(group, \*\*kwargs\)                                    | Set the current rcParams\.                                                                                            |
| rc\_context\(\[rc, fname\]\)                               | Return a context manager for temporarily changing rcParams\.                                                          |
| rcdefaults\(\)                                             | Restore the rcParams from Matplotlib's internal default style\.                                                       |
| rgrids\(\[radii, labels, angle, fmt\]\)                    | Get or set the radial gridlines on the current polar plot\.                                                           |
| savefig\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                              | Save the current figure\.                                                                                             |
| sca\(ax\)                                                  | Set the current Axes to ax and the current Figure to the parent of ax\.                                               |
| scatter\(x, y\[, s, c, marker, cmap, norm, \.\.\.\]\)      | A scatter plot of y vs\.                                                                                              |
| sci\(im\)                                                  | Set the current image\.                                                                                               |
| semilogx\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                             | Make a plot with log scaling on the x axis\.                                                                          |
| semilogy\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                             | Make a plot with log scaling on the y axis\.                                                                          |
| set\_cmap\(cmap\)                                          | Set the default colormap, and applies it to the current image if any\.                                                |
| setp\(obj, \*args, \*\*kwargs\)                            | Set a property on an artist object\.                                                                                  |
| show\(\*\[, block\]\)                                      | Display all open figures\.                                                                                            |
| specgram\(x\[, NFFT, Fs, Fc, detrend, window, \.\.\.\]\)   | Plot a spectrogram\.                                                                                                  |
| spring\(\)                                                 | Set the colormap to "spring"\.                                                                                        |
| spy\(Z\[, precision, marker, markersize, \.\.\.\]\)        | Plot the sparsity pattern of a 2D array\.                                                                             |
| stackplot\(x, \*args\[, labels, colors, \.\.\.\]\)         | Draw a stacked area plot\.                                                                                            |
| stem\(\*args\[, linefmt, markerfmt, basefmt, \.\.\.\]\)    | Create a stem plot\.                                                                                                  |
| step\(x, y, \*args\[, where, data\]\)                      | Make a step plot\.                                                                                                    |
| streamplot\(x, y, u, v\[, density, linewidth, \.\.\.\]\)   | Draw streamlines of a vector flow\.                                                                                   |
| subplot\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                              | Add a subplot to the current figure\.                                                                                 |
| subplot2grid\(shape, loc\[, rowspan, colspan, fig\]\)      | Create a subplot at a specific location inside a regular grid\.                                                       |
| subplot\_mosaic\(layout, \*\[, subplot\_kw, \.\.\.\]\)     | Build a layout of Axes based on ASCII art or nested lists\.                                                           |
| subplot\_tool\(\[targetfig\]\)                             | Launch a subplot tool window for a figure\.                                                                           |
| subplots\(\[nrows, ncols, sharex, sharey, \.\.\.\]\)       | Create a figure and a set of subplots\.                                                                               |
| subplots\_adjust\(\[left, bottom, right, top, \.\.\.\]\)   | Adjust the subplot layout parameters\.                                                                                |
| summer\(\)                                                 | Set the colormap to "summer"\.                                                                                        |
| suptitle\(t, \*\*kwargs\)                                  | Add a centered title to the figure\.                                                                                  |
| switch\_backend\(newbackend\)                              | Close all open figures and set the Matplotlib backend\.                                                               |
| table\(\[cellText, cellColours, cellLoc, \.\.\.\]\)        | Add a table to an Axes\.                                                                                              |
| text\(x, y, s\[, fontdict\]\)                              | Add text to the axes\.                                                                                                |
| thetagrids\(\[angles, labels, fmt\]\)                      | Get or set the theta gridlines on the current polar plot\.                                                            |
| tick\_params\(\[axis\]\)                                   | Change the appearance of ticks, tick labels, and gridlines\.                                                          |
| ticklabel\_format\(\*\[, axis, style, \.\.\.\]\)           | Configure the ScalarFormatter used by default for linear axes\.                                                       |
| tight\_layout\(\*\[, pad, h\_pad, w\_pad, rect\]\)         | Adjust the padding between and around subplots\.                                                                      |
| title\(label\[, fontdict, loc, pad, y\]\)                  | Set a title for the axes\.                                                                                            |
| tricontour\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                           | Draw contour lines on an unstructured triangular grid\.                                                               |
| tricontourf\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                          | Draw contour regions on an unstructured triangular grid\.                                                             |
| tripcolor\(\*args\[, alpha, norm, cmap, vmin, \.\.\.\]\)   | Create a pseudocolor plot of an unstructured triangular grid\.                                                        |
| triplot\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                              | Draw a unstructured triangular grid as lines and/or markers\.                                                         |
| twinx\(\[ax\]\)                                            | Make and return a second axes that shares the x\-axis\.                                                               |
| twiny\(\[ax\]\)                                            | Make and return a second axes that shares the y\-axis\.                                                               |
| uninstall\_repl\_displayhook\(\)                           | Uninstall the matplotlib display hook\.                                                                               |
| violinplot\(dataset\[, positions, vert, \.\.\.\]\)         | Make a violin plot\.                                                                                                  |
| viridis\(\)                                                | Set the colormap to "viridis"\.                                                                                       |
| vlines\(x, ymin, ymax\[, colors, linestyles, \.\.\.\]\)    | Plot vertical lines\.                                                                                                 |
| waitforbuttonpress\(\[timeout\]\)                          | Blocking call to interact with the figure\.                                                                           |
| winter\(\)                                                 | Set the colormap to "winter"\.                                                                                        |
| xcorr\(x, y\[, normed, detrend, usevlines, \.\.\.\]\)      | Plot the cross correlation between x and y\.                                                                          |
| xkcd\(\[scale, length, randomness\]\)                      | Turn on xkcd sketch\-style drawing mode\.This will only have effect on things drawn after this function is called\.\. |
| xlabel\(xlabel\[, fontdict, labelpad, loc\]\)              | Set the label for the x\-axis\.                                                                                       |
| xlim\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                                 | Get or set the x limits of the current axes\.                                                                         |
| xscale\(value, \*\*kwargs\)                                | Set the x\-axis scale\.                                                                                               |
| xticks\(\[ticks, labels\]\)                                | Get or set the current tick locations and labels of the x\-axis\.                                                     |
| ylabel\(ylabel\[, fontdict, labelpad, loc\]\)              | Set the label for the y\-axis\.                                                                                       |
| ylim\(\*args, \*\*kwargs\)                                 | Get or set the y\-limits of the current axes\.                                                                        |
| yscale\(value, \*\*kwargs\)                                | Set the y\-axis scale\.                                                                                               |
| yticks\(\[ticks, labels\]\)                                | Get or set the current tick locations and labels of the y\-axis\.                                                     |