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@@ -226,7 +226,38 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="heap.cs"
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/* 初始化堆 */
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// 初始化小顶堆
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PriorityQueue<int, int> minHeap = new PriorityQueue<int, int>();
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// 初始化大顶堆(使用 lambda 表达式修改 Comparator 即可)
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PriorityQueue<int, int> maxHeap = new PriorityQueue<int, int>(Comparer<int>.Create((x, y) => y - x));
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/* 元素入堆 */
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maxHeap.Enqueue(1, 1);
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maxHeap.Enqueue(3, 3);
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maxHeap.Enqueue(2, 2);
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maxHeap.Enqueue(5, 5);
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maxHeap.Enqueue(4, 4);
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/* 获取堆顶元素 */
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int peek = maxHeap.Peek();//5
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/* 堆顶元素出堆 */
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// 出堆元素会形成一个从大到小的序列
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peek = maxHeap.Dequeue(); // 5
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peek = maxHeap.Dequeue(); // 4
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peek = maxHeap.Dequeue(); // 3
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peek = maxHeap.Dequeue(); // 2
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peek = maxHeap.Dequeue(); // 1
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/* 获取堆大小 */
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int size = maxHeap.Count;
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/* 判断堆是否为空 */
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bool isEmpty = maxHeap.Count == 0;
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/* 输入列表并建堆 */
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minHeap = new PriorityQueue<int, int>(new List<(int, int)> { (1, 1), (3, 3), (2, 2), (5, 5), (4, 4), });
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```
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=== "Swift"
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@@ -372,11 +403,23 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="my_heap.cs"
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}
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/* 获取左子结点索引 */
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int left(int i)
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{
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return 2 * i + 1;
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}
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}
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/* 获取右子结点索引 */
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int right(int i)
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{
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return 2 * i + 2;
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}
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}
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/* 获取父结点索引 */
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int parent(int i)
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{
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return (i - 1) / 2; // 向下整除
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}
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```
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=== "Swift"
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@@ -482,7 +525,11 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="my_heap.cs"
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}
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/* 访问堆顶元素 */
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int peek()
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{
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return maxHeap[0];
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}
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```
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=== "Swift"
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@@ -680,9 +727,31 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="my_heap.cs"
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}
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/* 元素入堆 */
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void push(int val)
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{
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// 添加结点
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maxHeap.Add(val);
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// 从底至顶堆化
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siftUp(size() - 1);
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}
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}
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/* 从结点 i 开始,从底至顶堆化 */
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void siftUp(int i)
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{
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while (true)
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{
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// 获取结点 i 的父结点
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int p = parent(i);
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// 若“越过根结点”或“结点无需修复”,则结束堆化
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if (p < 0 || maxHeap[i] <= maxHeap[p])
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break;
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// 交换两结点
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swap(i, p);
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// 循环向上堆化
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i = p;
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}
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}
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```
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=== "Swift"
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@@ -990,9 +1059,42 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="my_heap.cs"
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{poll}
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/* 元素出堆 */
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int poll()
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{
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// 判空处理
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if (isEmpty())
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throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
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// 交换根结点与最右叶结点(即交换首元素与尾元素)
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swap(0, size() - 1);
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// 删除结点
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int val = maxHeap.Last();
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maxHeap.RemoveAt(size() - 1);
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// 从顶至底堆化
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siftDown(0);
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// 返回堆顶元素
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return val;
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}
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}
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/* 从结点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 */
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void siftDown(int i)
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{
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while (true)
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{
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// 判断结点 i, l, r 中值最大的结点,记为 ma
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int l = left(i), r = right(i), ma = i;
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if (l < size() && maxHeap[l] > maxHeap[ma])
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ma = l;
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if (r < size() && maxHeap[r] > maxHeap[ma])
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ma = r;
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// 若“结点 i 最大”或“越过叶结点”,则结束堆化
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if (ma == i) break;
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// 交换两结点
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swap(i, ma);
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// 循环向下堆化
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i = ma;
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}
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}
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```
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=== "Swift"
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@@ -1169,7 +1271,18 @@ comments: true
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=== "C#"
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```csharp title="my_heap.cs"
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[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{MaxHeap}
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/* 构造函数,根据输入列表建堆 */
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MaxHeap(IEnumerable<int> nums)
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{
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// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆
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maxHeap = new List<int>(nums);
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// 堆化除叶结点以外的其他所有结点
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var size = parent(this.size() - 1);
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for (int i = size; i >= 0; i--)
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{
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siftDown(i);
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}
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}
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```
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=== "Swift"
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