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2.   访问元素

数组元素被存储在连续的内存空间中，这意味着计算数组元素的内存地址非常容易。给定数组内存地址（首元素内存地址）和某个元素的索引，我们可以使用图 4-2 所示的公式计算得到该元素的内存地址，从而直接访问该元素。

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3.   插入元素

数组元素在内存中是“紧挨着的”，它们之间没有空间再存放任何数据。如图 4-3 所示，如果想在数组中间插入一个元素，则需要将该元素之后的所有元素都向后移动一位，之后再把元素赋值给该索引。

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4.   删除元素

同理，如图 4-4 所示，若想删除索引 \(i\) 处的元素，则需要把索引 \(i\) 之后的元素都向前移动一位。

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总的来看，数组的插入与删除操作有以下缺点。

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    Chapter 5.   Stack and Queue

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    Stack and Queue

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    Stack and Queue

    Abstract

    Stacks are like stacking cats, while queues are like cats lining up.

    They respectively represent the logical relationships of Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) and First-In-First-Out (FIFO).

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