mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2026-05-03 16:02:29 +08:00
feat: add ruby codes - chapter tree (#1288)
This commit is contained in:
161
codes/ruby/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree.rb
Normal file
161
codes/ruby/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree.rb
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
|
||||
=begin
|
||||
File: binary_search_tree.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-18
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/tree_node'
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/print_util'
|
||||
|
||||
### 二叉搜索树 ###
|
||||
class BinarySearchTree
|
||||
### 构造方法 ###
|
||||
def initialize
|
||||
# 初始化空树
|
||||
@root = nil
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 获取二叉树根节点 ###
|
||||
def get_root
|
||||
@root
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 查找节点 ###
|
||||
def search(num)
|
||||
cur = @root
|
||||
|
||||
# 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
||||
while !cur.nil?
|
||||
# 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
|
||||
if cur.val < num
|
||||
cur = cur.right
|
||||
# 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
|
||||
elsif cur.val > num
|
||||
cur = cur.left
|
||||
# 找到目标节点,跳出循环
|
||||
else
|
||||
break
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
cur
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 插入节点 ###
|
||||
def insert(num)
|
||||
# 若树为空,则初始化根节点
|
||||
if @root.nil?
|
||||
@root = TreeNode.new(num)
|
||||
return
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
# 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
||||
cur, pre = @root, nil
|
||||
while !cur.nil?
|
||||
# 找到重复节点,直接返回
|
||||
return if cur.val == num
|
||||
|
||||
pre = cur
|
||||
# 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
|
||||
if cur.val < num
|
||||
cur = cur.right
|
||||
# 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
|
||||
else
|
||||
cur = cur.left
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
# 插入节点
|
||||
node = TreeNode.new(num)
|
||||
if pre.val < num
|
||||
pre.right = node
|
||||
else
|
||||
pre.left = node
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 删除节点 ###
|
||||
def remove(num)
|
||||
# 若树为空,直接提前返回
|
||||
return if @root.nil?
|
||||
|
||||
# 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
||||
cur, pre = @root, nil
|
||||
while !cur.nil?
|
||||
# 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
|
||||
break if cur.val == num
|
||||
|
||||
pre = cur
|
||||
# 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
|
||||
if cur.val < num
|
||||
cur = cur.right
|
||||
# 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
|
||||
else
|
||||
cur = cur.left
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
# 若无待删除节点,则直接返回
|
||||
return if cur.nil?
|
||||
|
||||
# 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
|
||||
if cur.left.nil? || cur.right.nil?
|
||||
# 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
|
||||
child = cur.left || cur.right
|
||||
# 删除节点 cur
|
||||
if cur != @root
|
||||
if pre.left == cur
|
||||
pre.left = child
|
||||
else
|
||||
pre.right = child
|
||||
end
|
||||
else
|
||||
# 若删除节点为根节点,则重新指定根节点
|
||||
@root = child
|
||||
end
|
||||
# 子节点数量 = 2
|
||||
else
|
||||
# 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
|
||||
tmp = cur.right
|
||||
while !tmp.left.nil?
|
||||
tmp = tmp.left
|
||||
end
|
||||
# 递归删除节点 tmp
|
||||
remove(tmp.val)
|
||||
# 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
|
||||
cur.val = tmp.val
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
# 初始化二叉搜索树
|
||||
bst = BinarySearchTree.new
|
||||
nums = [8, 4, 12, 2, 6, 10, 14, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15]
|
||||
# 请注意,不同的插入顺序会生成不同的二叉树,该序列可以生成一个完美二叉树
|
||||
nums.each { |num| bst.insert(num) }
|
||||
puts "\n初始化的二叉树为\n"
|
||||
print_tree(bst.get_root)
|
||||
|
||||
# 查找节点
|
||||
node = bst.search(7)
|
||||
puts "\n查找到的节点对象为: #{node},节点值 = #{node.val}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 插入节点
|
||||
bst.insert(16)
|
||||
puts "\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n"
|
||||
print_tree(bst.get_root)
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除节点
|
||||
bst.remove(1)
|
||||
puts "\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n"
|
||||
print_tree(bst.get_root)
|
||||
|
||||
bst.remove(2)
|
||||
puts "\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n"
|
||||
print_tree(bst.get_root)
|
||||
|
||||
bst.remove(4)
|
||||
puts "\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n"
|
||||
print_tree(bst.get_root)
|
||||
end
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user