feat(heap): add go codes

codes/go/chapter_heap/heap_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// File: heap_test.go
+// Created Time: 2023-01-12
+// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
+
+package chapter_heap
+
+import (
+	"container/heap"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pkg"
+)
+
+func testPush(h *intHeap, val int) {
+	// 调用 heap.Interface 的方法，来添加元素
+	heap.Push(h, val)
+	fmt.Printf("\n元素 %d 入堆后 \n", val)
+	PrintHeap(*h)
+}
+
+func testPop(h *intHeap) {
+	// 调用 heap.Interface 的方法，来移除元素
+	val := heap.Pop(h)
+	fmt.Printf("\n堆顶元素 %d 出堆后 \n", val)
+	PrintHeap(*h)
+}
+
+func TestHeap(t *testing.T) {
+	/* 初始化堆 */
+	// 初始化大顶堆
+	maxHeap := &intHeap{}
+	heap.Init(maxHeap)
+	/* 元素入堆 */
+	testPush(maxHeap, 1)
+	testPush(maxHeap, 3)
+	testPush(maxHeap, 2)
+	testPush(maxHeap, 5)
+	testPush(maxHeap, 4)
+
+	/* 获取堆顶元素 */
+	top := maxHeap.Top()
+	fmt.Printf("堆顶元素为 %d\n", top)
+
+	/* 堆顶元素出堆 */
+	testPop(maxHeap)
+	testPop(maxHeap)
+	testPop(maxHeap)
+	testPop(maxHeap)
+	testPop(maxHeap)
+
+	/* 获取堆大小 */
+	size := len(*maxHeap)
+	fmt.Printf("堆元素数量为 %d\n", size)
+
+	/* 判断堆是否为空 */
+	isEmpty := len(*maxHeap) == 0
+	fmt.Printf("堆是否为空 %t\n", isEmpty)
+}
+
+func TestMyHeap(t *testing.T) {
+	/* 初始化堆 */
+	// 初始化大顶堆
+	maxHeap := newMaxHeap([]any{9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 2})
+	fmt.Printf("输入数组并建堆后\n")
+	maxHeap.print()
+
+	/* 获取堆顶元素 */
+	peek := maxHeap.peek()
+	fmt.Printf("\n堆顶元素为 %d\n", peek)
+
+	/* 元素入堆 */
+	val := 7
+	maxHeap.push(val)
+	fmt.Printf("\n元素 %d 入堆后\n", val)
+	maxHeap.print()
+
+	/* 堆顶元素出堆 */
+	peek = maxHeap.poll()
+	fmt.Printf("\n堆顶元素 %d 出堆后\n", peek)
+	maxHeap.print()
+
+	/* 获取堆大小 */
+	size := maxHeap.size()
+	fmt.Printf("\n堆元素数量为 %d\n", size)
+
+	/* 判断堆是否为空 */
+	isEmpty := maxHeap.isEmpty()
+	fmt.Printf("\n堆是否为空 %t\n", isEmpty)
+}