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@@ -3415,7 +3415,7 @@ G & = \{ V, E \} \newline
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\end{aligned}
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\]</div>
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<p>如果将顶点看作节点，将边看作连接各个节点的引用（指针），我们就可以将图看作是一种从链表拓展而来的数据结构。如图 9-1 所示，<strong>相较于线性关系（链表）和分治关系（树），网络关系（图）的自由度更高</strong>，从而更为复杂。</p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/linkedlist_tree_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="链表、树、图之间的关系" src="../graph.assets/linkedlist_tree_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/linkedlist_tree_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="链表、树、图之间的关系" class="animation-figure" src="../graph.assets/linkedlist_tree_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-1 链表、树、图之间的关系 </p>
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<h2 id="911">9.1.1 图常见类型与术语<a class="headerlink" href="#911" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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@@ -3424,7 +3424,7 @@ G & = \{ V, E \} \newline
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<li>在无向图中，边表示两顶点之间的“双向”连接关系，例如微信或 QQ 中的“好友关系”。</li>
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<li>在有向图中，边具有方向性，即 <span class="arithmatex">\(A \rightarrow B\)</span> 和 <span class="arithmatex">\(A \leftarrow B\)</span> 两个方向的边是相互独立的，例如微博或抖音上的“关注”与“被关注”关系。</li>
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</ul>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/directed_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="有向图与无向图" src="../graph.assets/directed_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/directed_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="有向图与无向图" class="animation-figure" src="../graph.assets/directed_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-2 有向图与无向图 </p>
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<p>根据所有顶点是否连通，可分为图 9-3 所示的「连通图 connected graph」和「非连通图 disconnected graph」。</p>
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@@ -3432,11 +3432,11 @@ G & = \{ V, E \} \newline
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<li>对于连通图，从某个顶点出发，可以到达其余任意顶点。</li>
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<li>对于非连通图，从某个顶点出发，至少有一个顶点无法到达。</li>
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</ul>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/connected_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="连通图与非连通图" src="../graph.assets/connected_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/connected_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="连通图与非连通图" class="animation-figure" src="../graph.assets/connected_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-3 连通图与非连通图 </p>
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<p>我们还可以为边添加“权重”变量，从而得到图 9-4 所示的「有权图 weighted graph」。例如在王者荣耀等手游中，系统会根据共同游戏时间来计算玩家之间的“亲密度”，这种亲密度网络就可以用有权图来表示。</p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/weighted_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="有权图与无权图" src="../graph.assets/weighted_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/weighted_graph.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="有权图与无权图" class="animation-figure" src="../graph.assets/weighted_graph.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-4 有权图与无权图 </p>
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<p>图数据结构包含以下常用术语。</p>
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@@ -3450,7 +3450,7 @@ G & = \{ V, E \} \newline
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<h3 id="1">1. 邻接矩阵<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>设图的顶点数量为 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> ，「邻接矩阵 adjacency matrix」使用一个 <span class="arithmatex">\(n \times n\)</span> 大小的矩阵来表示图，每一行（列）代表一个顶点，矩阵元素代表边，用 <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> 或 <span class="arithmatex">\(0\)</span> 表示两个顶点之间是否存在边。</p>
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<p>如图 9-5 所示，设邻接矩阵为 <span class="arithmatex">\(M\)</span>、顶点列表为 <span class="arithmatex">\(V\)</span> ，那么矩阵元素 <span class="arithmatex">\(M[i, j] = 1\)</span> 表示顶点 <span class="arithmatex">\(V[i]\)</span> 到顶点 <span class="arithmatex">\(V[j]\)</span> 之间存在边，反之 <span class="arithmatex">\(M[i, j] = 0\)</span> 表示两顶点之间无边。</p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/adjacency_matrix.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的邻接矩阵表示" src="../graph.assets/adjacency_matrix.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/adjacency_matrix.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的邻接矩阵表示" class="animation-figure" src="../graph.assets/adjacency_matrix.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-5 图的邻接矩阵表示 </p>
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<p>邻接矩阵具有以下特性。</p>
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@@ -3462,7 +3462,7 @@ G & = \{ V, E \} \newline
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<p>使用邻接矩阵表示图时，我们可以直接访问矩阵元素以获取边，因此增删查操作的效率很高，时间复杂度均为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> 。然而，矩阵的空间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n^2)\)</span> ，内存占用较多。</p>
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<h3 id="2">2. 邻接表<a class="headerlink" href="#2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>「邻接表 adjacency list」使用 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 个链表来表示图，链表节点表示顶点。第 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> 条链表对应顶点 <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> ，其中存储了该顶点的所有邻接顶点（即与该顶点相连的顶点）。图 9-6 展示了一个使用邻接表存储的图的示例。</p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/adjacency_list.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的邻接表表示" src="../graph.assets/adjacency_list.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph.assets/adjacency_list.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的邻接表表示" class="animation-figure" src="../graph.assets/adjacency_list.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-6 图的邻接表表示 </p>
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<p>邻接表仅存储实际存在的边，而边的总数通常远小于 <span class="arithmatex">\(n^2\)</span> ，因此它更加节省空间。然而，在邻接表中需要通过遍历链表来查找边，因此其时间效率不如邻接矩阵。</p>
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@@ -3378,19 +3378,19 @@
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:5"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">初始化邻接矩阵</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">添加边</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">删除边</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">添加顶点</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">删除顶点</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_initialization.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="邻接矩阵的初始化、增删边、增删顶点" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_initialization.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_initialization.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="邻接矩阵的初始化、增删边、增删顶点" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_initialization.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_add_edge" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_edge.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_add_edge" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_edge.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_remove_edge" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_edge.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_remove_edge" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_edge.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_add_vertex" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_add_vertex" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_add_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_remove_vertex" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_matrix_remove_vertex" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_matrix_remove_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -4400,19 +4400,19 @@
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:5"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">初始化邻接表</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">添加边</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">删除边</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">添加顶点</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">删除顶点</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_initialization.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="邻接表的初始化、增删边、增删顶点" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_initialization.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_initialization.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="邻接表的初始化、增删边、增删顶点" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_initialization.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_add_edge" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_edge.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_add_edge" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_edge.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_remove_edge" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_edge.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_edge.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_remove_edge" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_edge.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_add_vertex" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_add_vertex" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_add_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_remove_vertex" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_vertex.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="adjacency_list_remove_vertex" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_operations.assets/adjacency_list_remove_vertex.png" /></a></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -3436,7 +3436,7 @@
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<p>图和树都需要应用搜索算法来实现遍历操作。图的遍历方式可分为两种：「广度优先遍历 breadth-first traversal」和「深度优先遍历 depth-first traversal」。它们也常被称为「广度优先搜索 breadth-first search」和「深度优先搜索 depth-first search」，简称 BFS 和 DFS 。</p>
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<h2 id="931">9.3.1 广度优先遍历<a class="headerlink" href="#931" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p><strong>广度优先遍历是一种由近及远的遍历方式，从某个节点出发，始终优先访问距离最近的顶点，并一层层向外扩张</strong>。如图 9-9 所示，从左上角顶点出发，先遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点，然后遍历下一个顶点的所有邻接顶点，以此类推，直至所有顶点访问完毕。</p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的广度优先遍历" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的广度优先遍历" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> 图 9-9 图的广度优先遍历 </p>
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<h3 id="1">1. 算法实现<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1"><1></label><label for="__tabbed_2_2"><2></label><label for="__tabbed_2_3"><3></label><label for="__tabbed_2_4"><4></label><label for="__tabbed_2_5"><5></label><label for="__tabbed_2_6"><6></label><label for="__tabbed_2_7"><7></label><label for="__tabbed_2_8"><8></label><label for="__tabbed_2_9"><9></label><label for="__tabbed_2_10"><10></label><label for="__tabbed_2_11"><11></label></div>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的广度优先遍历步骤" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step1.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的广度优先遍历步骤" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step1.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step2.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step2" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step2.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step2.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step2" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step2.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step3.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step3" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step3.png" /></a></p>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step3.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step3" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step3.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step4.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step4" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step4.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step4.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step4" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step4.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step5.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step5" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step5.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step5.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step5" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step5.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step6.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step6" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step6.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step6.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step6" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step6.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step7.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step7" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step7.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step7.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step7" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step7.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step8.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step8" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step8.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step8.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step8" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step8.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step9.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step9" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step9.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step9.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step9" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step9.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step10.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step10" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step10.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step10.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step10" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step10.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step11.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step11" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step11.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step11.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_bfs_step11" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step11.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
@@ -3868,7 +3868,7 @@
|
||||
<p><strong>空间复杂度：</strong> 列表 <code>res</code> ，哈希表 <code>visited</code> ，队列 <code>que</code> 中的顶点数量最多为 <span class="arithmatex">\(|V|\)</span> ，使用 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(|V|)\)</span> 空间。</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="932">9.3.2 深度优先遍历<a class="headerlink" href="#932" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||||
<p><strong>深度优先遍历是一种优先走到底、无路可走再回头的遍历方式</strong>。如图 9-11 所示，从左上角顶点出发，访问当前顶点的某个邻接顶点，直到走到尽头时返回，再继续走到尽头并返回，以此类推，直至所有顶点遍历完成。</p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的深度优先遍历" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的深度优先遍历" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p align="center"> 图 9-11 图的深度优先遍历 </p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h3 id="1_1">1. 算法实现<a class="headerlink" href="#1_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||||
@@ -4206,37 +4206,37 @@
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1"><1></label><label for="__tabbed_4_2"><2></label><label for="__tabbed_4_3"><3></label><label for="__tabbed_4_4"><4></label><label for="__tabbed_4_5"><5></label><label for="__tabbed_4_6"><6></label><label for="__tabbed_4_7"><7></label><label for="__tabbed_4_8"><8></label><label for="__tabbed_4_9"><9></label><label for="__tabbed_4_10"><10></label><label for="__tabbed_4_11"><11></label></div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的深度优先遍历步骤" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step1.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图的深度优先遍历步骤" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step1.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step2.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step2" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step2.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step2.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step2" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step2.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step3.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step3" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step3.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step3.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step3" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step3.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step4.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step4" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step4.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step4.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step4" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step4.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step5.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step5" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step5.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step5.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step5" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step5.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step6.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step6" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step6.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step6.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step6" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step6.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step7.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step7" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step7.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step7.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step7" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step7.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step8.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step8" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step8.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step8.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step8" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step8.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step9.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step9" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step9.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step9.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step9" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step9.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step10.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step10" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step10.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step10.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step10" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step10.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step11.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step11" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step11.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step11.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="graph_dfs_step11" class="animation-figure" src="../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step11.png" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -3292,7 +3292,7 @@
|
||||
<!-- Page content -->
|
||||
<h1 id="9">第 9 章 图<a class="headerlink" href="#9" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
||||
<div class="center-table">
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../assets/covers/chapter_graph.jpg" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图" src="../assets/covers/chapter_graph.jpg" width="600" /></a></p>
|
||||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../assets/covers/chapter_graph.jpg" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="图" class="cover-image" src="../assets/covers/chapter_graph.jpg" /></a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="admonition abstract">
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Abstract</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user