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@@ -62,17 +62,15 @@
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<link href="../../assets/stylesheets/glightbox.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>
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html.glightbox-open { overflow: initial; height: 100%; }
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.gslide-title { margin-top: 0px; user-select: text; }
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.gslide-desc { color: #666; user-select: text; }
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.gslide-image img { background: white; }
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.gscrollbar-fixer { padding-right: 15px; }
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.gdesc-inner { font-size: 0.75rem; }
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gdesc-inner { background: var(--md-default-bg-color);}
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-title { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-desc { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}
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</style> <script src="../../assets/javascripts/glightbox.min.js"></script></head>
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html.glightbox-open { overflow: initial; height: 100%; }
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.gslide-title { margin-top: 0px; user-select: text; }
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.gslide-desc { color: #666; user-select: text; }
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.gslide-image img { background: white; }
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.gscrollbar-fixer { padding-right: 15px; }
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.gdesc-inner { font-size: 0.75rem; }
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gdesc-inner { background: var(--md-default-bg-color);}
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-title { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-desc { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}</style> <script src="../../assets/javascripts/glightbox.min.js"></script></head>
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@@ -3704,7 +3702,7 @@
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:14"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_13" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_14" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_1_13">Ruby</label><label for="__tabbed_1_14">Zig</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]],</span>
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@@ -3734,7 +3732,7 @@
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<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"#"</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">n_queens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]]]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">n_queens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]]]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""求解 n 皇后"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 'Q' 代表皇后，'#' 代表空位</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="s2">"#"</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
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@@ -3858,9 +3856,9 @@
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<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和次对角线</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、次对角线上存在皇后</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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@@ -3868,7 +3866,7 @@
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<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Q"</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
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@@ -3880,19 +3878,19 @@
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<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 'Q' 代表皇后，'#' 代表空位</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-40" name="__codelineno-3-40" href="#__codelineno-3-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-41" name="__codelineno-3-41" href="#__codelineno-3-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-42" name="__codelineno-3-42" href="#__codelineno-3-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-43" name="__codelineno-3-43" href="#__codelineno-3-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录次对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录次对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-46" name="__codelineno-3-46" href="#__codelineno-3-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-47" name="__codelineno-3-47" href="#__codelineno-3-47"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-49" name="__codelineno-3-49" href="#__codelineno-3-49"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-50" name="__codelineno-3-50" href="#__codelineno-3-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-3-51" name="__codelineno-3-51" href="#__codelineno-3-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
@@ -3954,47 +3952,47 @@
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：n 皇后 */</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]],</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kr">inout</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a> <span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a> <span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">col</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">..</span><span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a> <span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和次对角线</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">diag1</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">col</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">diag2</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">col</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a> <span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、次对角线上存在皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a> <span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"Q"</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">true</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a> <span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a> <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a> <span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"#"</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Bool</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历所有列</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和次对角线</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">diag1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">diag2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">col</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 剪枝：不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、次对角线上存在皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尝试：将皇后放置在该格子</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Q"</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 放置下一行</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 回退：将该格子恢复为空位</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"#"</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">col</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">diag2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 n 皇后 */</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 'Q' 代表皇后，'#' 代表空位</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">state</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"#"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">cols</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">diags1</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录主对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">diags2</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 记录次对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">nQueens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 'Q' 代表皇后，'#' 代表空位</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录次对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[[[</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">]]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a> <span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&</span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
@@ -4148,14 +4146,14 @@
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">n_queens.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 回溯算法：n 皇后 */</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span>: <span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span>: <span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span>: <span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当放置完所有行时，记录解</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
@@ -4182,13 +4180,13 @@
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-33" name="__codelineno-9-33" href="#__codelineno-9-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-34" name="__codelineno-9-34" href="#__codelineno-9-34"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-35" name="__codelineno-9-35" href="#__codelineno-9-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 求解 n 皇后 */</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">n_queens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span>: <span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-> <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-36" name="__codelineno-9-36" href="#__codelineno-9-36"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">n_queens</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-37" name="__codelineno-9-37" href="#__codelineno-9-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘，其中 'Q' 代表皇后，'#' 代表空位</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-38" name="__codelineno-9-38" href="#__codelineno-9-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-39" name="__codelineno-9-39" href="#__codelineno-9-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录列是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-40" name="__codelineno-9-40" href="#__codelineno-9-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录主对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-41" name="__codelineno-9-41" href="#__codelineno-9-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">diags2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 记录次对角线上是否有皇后</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>: <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-42" name="__codelineno-9-42" href="#__codelineno-9-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-43" name="__codelineno-9-43" href="#__codelineno-9-43"></a>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-44" name="__codelineno-9-44" href="#__codelineno-9-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">backtrack</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||||
<a id="__codelineno-9-45" name="__codelineno-9-45" href="#__codelineno-9-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||||
@@ -4630,5 +4628,7 @@ aria-label="页脚"
|
||||
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/3.2.2/es5/tex-mml-chtml.min.js"></script>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<script>document$.subscribe(() => {const lightbox = GLightbox({"touchNavigation": true, "loop": false, "zoomable": true, "draggable": false, "openEffect": "zoom", "closeEffect": "zoom", "slideEffect": "none"});})</script></body>
|
||||
<script id="init-glightbox">const lightbox = GLightbox({"touchNavigation": true, "loop": false, "zoomable": true, "draggable": false, "openEffect": "zoom", "closeEffect": "zoom", "slideEffect": "none"});
|
||||
document$.subscribe(() => { lightbox.reload() });
|
||||
</script></body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user