This commit is contained in:
krahets
2024-05-01 06:47:36 +08:00
parent 1b29b658bf
commit 583d338530
57 changed files with 27405 additions and 10 deletions

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@@ -406,7 +406,35 @@ comments: true
=== "Ruby"
```ruby title="bucket_sort.rb"
[class]{}-[func]{bucket_sort}
### 桶排序 ###
def bucket_sort(nums)
# 初始化 k = n/2 个桶,预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素
k = nums.length / 2
buckets = Array.new(k) { [] }
# 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中
nums.each do |num|
# 输入数据范围为 [0, 1),使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]
i = (num * k).to_i
# 将 num 添加进桶 i
buckets[i] << num
end
# 2. 对各个桶执行排序
buckets.each do |bucket|
# 使用内置排序函数,也可以替换成其他排序算法
bucket.sort!
end
# 3. 遍历桶合并结果
i = 0
buckets.each do |bucket|
bucket.each do |num|
nums[i] = num
i += 1
end
end
end
```
=== "Zig"

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@@ -582,9 +582,38 @@ comments: true
=== "Ruby"
```ruby title="heap_sort.rb"
[class]{}-[func]{sift_down}
### 堆的长度为 n ,从节点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 ###
def sift_down(nums, n, i)
while true
# 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点,记为 ma
l = 2 * i + 1
r = 2 * i + 2
ma = i
ma = l if l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma]
ma = r if r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma]
# 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,则无须继续堆化,跳出
break if ma == i
# 交换两节点
nums[i], nums[ma] = nums[ma], nums[i]
# 循环向下堆化
i = ma
end
end
[class]{}-[func]{heap_sort}
### 堆排序 ###
def heap_sort(nums)
# 建堆操作:堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点
(nums.length / 2 - 1).downto(0) do |i|
sift_down(nums, nums.length, i)
end
# 从堆中提取最大元素,循环 n-1 轮
(nums.length - 1).downto(1) do |i|
# 交换根节点与最右叶节点(交换首元素与尾元素)
nums[0], nums[i] = nums[i], nums[0]
# 以根节点为起点,从顶至底进行堆化
sift_down(nums, i, 0)
end
end
```
=== "Zig"

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@@ -630,9 +630,53 @@ comments: true
=== "Ruby"
```ruby title="merge_sort.rb"
[class]{}-[func]{merge}
### 合并左子数组和右子数组 ###
def merge(nums, left, mid, right)
# 左子数组区间为 [left, mid], 右子数组区间为 [mid+1, right]
# 创建一个临时数组 tmp用于存放合并后的结果
tmp = Array.new(right - left + 1, 0)
# 初始化左子数组和右子数组的起始索引
i, j, k = left, mid + 1, 0
# 当左右子数组都还有元素时,进行比较并将较小的元素复制到临时数组中
while i <= mid && j <= right
if nums[i] <= nums[j]
tmp[k] = nums[i]
i += 1
else
tmp[k] = nums[j]
j += 1
end
k += 1
end
# 将左子数组和右子数组的剩余元素复制到临时数组中
while i <= mid
tmp[k] = nums[i]
i += 1
k += 1
end
while j <= right
tmp[k] = nums[j]
j += 1
k += 1
end
# 将临时数组 tmp 中的元素复制回原数组 nums 的对应区间
(0...tmp.length).each do |k|
nums[left + k] = tmp[k]
end
end
[class]{}-[func]{merge_sort}
### 归并排序 ###
def merge_sort(nums, left, right)
# 终止条件
# 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归
return if left >= right
# 划分阶段
mid = (left + right) / 2 # 计算中点
merge_sort(nums, left, mid) # 递归左子数组
merge_sort(nums, mid + 1, right) # 递归右子数组
# 合并阶段
merge(nums, left, mid, right)
end
```
=== "Zig"