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@@ -406,7 +406,35 @@ comments: true
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=== "Ruby"
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```ruby title="bucket_sort.rb"
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[class]{}-[func]{bucket_sort}
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### 桶排序 ###
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def bucket_sort(nums)
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# 初始化 k = n/2 个桶,预期向每个桶分配 2 个元素
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k = nums.length / 2
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buckets = Array.new(k) { [] }
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# 1. 将数组元素分配到各个桶中
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nums.each do |num|
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# 输入数据范围为 [0, 1),使用 num * k 映射到索引范围 [0, k-1]
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i = (num * k).to_i
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# 将 num 添加进桶 i
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buckets[i] << num
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end
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# 2. 对各个桶执行排序
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buckets.each do |bucket|
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# 使用内置排序函数,也可以替换成其他排序算法
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bucket.sort!
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end
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# 3. 遍历桶合并结果
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i = 0
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buckets.each do |bucket|
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bucket.each do |num|
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nums[i] = num
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i += 1
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end
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end
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end
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```
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=== "Zig"
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@@ -582,9 +582,38 @@ comments: true
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=== "Ruby"
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```ruby title="heap_sort.rb"
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[class]{}-[func]{sift_down}
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### 堆的长度为 n ,从节点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 ###
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def sift_down(nums, n, i)
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while true
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# 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点,记为 ma
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l = 2 * i + 1
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r = 2 * i + 2
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ma = i
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ma = l if l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma]
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ma = r if r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma]
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# 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,则无须继续堆化,跳出
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break if ma == i
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# 交换两节点
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nums[i], nums[ma] = nums[ma], nums[i]
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# 循环向下堆化
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i = ma
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end
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end
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[class]{}-[func]{heap_sort}
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### 堆排序 ###
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def heap_sort(nums)
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# 建堆操作:堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点
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(nums.length / 2 - 1).downto(0) do |i|
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sift_down(nums, nums.length, i)
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end
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# 从堆中提取最大元素,循环 n-1 轮
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(nums.length - 1).downto(1) do |i|
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# 交换根节点与最右叶节点(交换首元素与尾元素)
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nums[0], nums[i] = nums[i], nums[0]
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# 以根节点为起点,从顶至底进行堆化
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sift_down(nums, i, 0)
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end
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end
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```
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=== "Zig"
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@@ -630,9 +630,53 @@ comments: true
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=== "Ruby"
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```ruby title="merge_sort.rb"
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[class]{}-[func]{merge}
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### 合并左子数组和右子数组 ###
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def merge(nums, left, mid, right)
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# 左子数组区间为 [left, mid], 右子数组区间为 [mid+1, right]
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# 创建一个临时数组 tmp,用于存放合并后的结果
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tmp = Array.new(right - left + 1, 0)
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# 初始化左子数组和右子数组的起始索引
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i, j, k = left, mid + 1, 0
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# 当左右子数组都还有元素时,进行比较并将较小的元素复制到临时数组中
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while i <= mid && j <= right
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if nums[i] <= nums[j]
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tmp[k] = nums[i]
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i += 1
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else
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tmp[k] = nums[j]
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j += 1
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end
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k += 1
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end
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# 将左子数组和右子数组的剩余元素复制到临时数组中
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while i <= mid
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tmp[k] = nums[i]
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i += 1
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k += 1
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end
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while j <= right
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tmp[k] = nums[j]
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j += 1
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k += 1
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end
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# 将临时数组 tmp 中的元素复制回原数组 nums 的对应区间
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(0...tmp.length).each do |k|
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nums[left + k] = tmp[k]
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end
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end
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[class]{}-[func]{merge_sort}
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### 归并排序 ###
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def merge_sort(nums, left, right)
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# 终止条件
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# 当子数组长度为 1 时终止递归
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return if left >= right
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# 划分阶段
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mid = (left + right) / 2 # 计算中点
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merge_sort(nums, left, mid) # 递归左子数组
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merge_sort(nums, mid + 1, right) # 递归右子数组
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# 合并阶段
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merge(nums, left, mid, right)
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end
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```
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=== "Zig"
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