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Add the section of binary search insertion. (#671)
Refactor the section of binary search edge. Finetune the figures of binary search.
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63
codes/java/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion.java
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63
codes/java/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion.java
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/**
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* File: binary_search_edge.java
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* Created Time: 2023-08-04
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_searching;
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class binary_search_insertion {
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/* 二分查找插入点(无重复元素) */
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static int binarySearchInsertionSimple(int[] nums, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; // 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) {
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i = m + 1; // target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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} else if (nums[m] > target) {
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j = m - 1; // target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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} else {
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return m; // 找到 target ,返回插入点 m
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}
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}
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// 未找到 target ,返回插入点 i
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return i;
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}
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/* 二分查找插入点(存在重复元素) */
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static int binarySearchInsertion(int[] nums, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; // 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) {
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i = m + 1; // target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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} else if (nums[m] > target) {
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j = m - 1; // target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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} else {
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j = m - 1; // 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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}
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}
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// 返回插入点 i
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return i;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// 无重复元素的数组
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int[] nums = { 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 26, 31, 35 };
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System.out.println("\n数组 nums = " + java.util.Arrays.toString(nums));
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// 二分查找插入点
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for (int target : new int[] { 6, 9 }) {
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int index = binarySearchInsertionSimple(nums, target);
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System.out.println("元素 " + target + " 的插入点的索引为 " + index);
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}
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// 包含重复元素的数组
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nums = new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 12, 15 };
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System.out.println("\n数组 nums = " + java.util.Arrays.toString(nums));
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// 二分查找插入点
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for (int target : new int[] { 2, 6, 20 }) {
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int index = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);
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System.out.println("元素 " + target + " 的插入点的索引为 " + index);
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}
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}
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}
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