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docs: add Japanese translate documents (#1812)
* docs: add Japanese documents (`ja/docs`) * docs: add Japanese documents (`ja/codes`) * docs: add Japanese documents * Remove pythontutor blocks in ja/ * Add an empty at the end of each markdown file. * Add the missing figures (use the English version temporarily). * Add index.md for Japanese version. * Add index.html for Japanese version. * Add missing index.assets * Fix backtracking_algorithm.md for Japanese version. * Add avatar_eltociear.jpg. Fix image links on the Japanese landing page. * Add the Japanese banner. --------- Co-authored-by: krahets <krahets@163.com>
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ja/codes/python/chapter_greedy/coin_change_greedy.py
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ja/codes/python/chapter_greedy/coin_change_greedy.py
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"""
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File: coin_change_greedy.py
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Created Time: 2023-07-18
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Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
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"""
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def coin_change_greedy(coins: list[int], amt: int) -> int:
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"""硬貨交換:貪欲法"""
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# coins リストがソートされていると仮定
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i = len(coins) - 1
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count = 0
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# 残り金額がなくなるまで貪欲選択をループ
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while amt > 0:
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# 残り金額に最も近く、それより小さい硬貨を見つける
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while i > 0 and coins[i] > amt:
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i -= 1
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# coins[i] を選択
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amt -= coins[i]
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count += 1
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# 実行可能な解が見つからない場合、-1 を返す
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return count if amt == 0 else -1
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"""ドライバーコード"""
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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# 貪欲法:大域最適解の発見を保証できる
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coins = [1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100]
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amt = 186
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res = coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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print(f"\ncoins = {coins}, amt = {amt}")
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print(f"{amt} を構成するのに必要な硬貨の最小数は {res}")
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# 貪欲法:大域最適解の発見を保証できない
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coins = [1, 20, 50]
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amt = 60
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res = coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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print(f"\ncoins = {coins}, amt = {amt}")
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print(f"{amt} を構成するのに必要な硬貨の最小数は {res}")
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print(f"実際には必要な最小数は 3、つまり 20 + 20 + 20")
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# 貪欲法:大域最適解の発見を保証できない
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coins = [1, 49, 50]
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amt = 98
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res = coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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print(f"\ncoins = {coins}, amt = {amt}")
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print(f"{amt} を構成するのに必要な硬貨の最小数は {res}")
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print(f"実際には必要な最小数は 2、つまり 49 + 49")
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