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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../chapter8/5exercise.html">chapter8 练习</a></li>
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||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">附录</span></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../appendix-a/index.html">附录 A：Rust 系统编程资料</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-17" name="toctree-checkbox-17" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-17"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="simple">
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../appendix-b/index.html">附录 B：常见工具的使用方法</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-18" name="toctree-checkbox-18" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-18"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="simple">
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../appendix-c/index.html">附录 C：深入机器模式：RustSBI</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-19" name="toctree-checkbox-19" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-19"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="simple">
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../appendix-d/index.html">附录 D：RISC-V相关信息</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">开发注记</span></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../setup-sphinx.html">修改和构建本项目</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-20" name="toctree-checkbox-20" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-20"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="simple">
|
||
</ul>
|
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</li>
|
||
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../rest-example.html">reStructuredText 基本语法</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-21" name="toctree-checkbox-21" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-21"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="simple">
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</ul>
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</li>
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||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
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||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</aside>
|
||
<div class="main">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<article role="main">
|
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<div class="content-icon-container">
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<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content">
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<button class="theme-toggle">
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<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div>
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<svg class="theme-icon-when-auto"><use href="#svg-sun-half"></use></svg>
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<svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg>
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<svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg>
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</button>
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</div>
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||
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc">
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<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div>
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||
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
|
||
</label>
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||
</div>
|
||
<div class="section" id="chapter6">
|
||
<h1>chapter6练习<a class="headerlink" href="#chapter6" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<div class="section" id="lab4">
|
||
<h2>Lab4 编程作业<a class="headerlink" href="#lab4" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<div class="section" id="id1">
|
||
<h3>硬链接<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>硬链接要求两个不同的目录项指向同一个文件，在我们的文件系统中也就是两个不同名称目录项指向同一个磁盘块。</p>
|
||
<p>本节要求实现三个系统调用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys_linkat、sys_unlinkat、sys_stat</span></code> 。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>linkat</strong>：</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>syscall ID: 37</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>功能：创建一个文件的一个硬链接， <a class="reference external" href="https://linux.die.net/man/2/linkat">linkat标准接口</a> 。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Ｃ接口： <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">linkat(int</span> <span class="pre">olddirfd,</span> <span class="pre">char*</span> <span class="pre">oldpath,</span> <span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">newdirfd,</span> <span class="pre">char*</span> <span class="pre">newpath,</span> <span class="pre">unsigned</span> <span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">flags)</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Rust 接口： <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fn</span> <span class="pre">linkat(olddirfd:</span> <span class="pre">i32,</span> <span class="pre">oldpath:</span> <span class="pre">*const</span> <span class="pre">u8,</span> <span class="pre">newdirfd:</span> <span class="pre">i32,</span> <span class="pre">newpath:</span> <span class="pre">*const</span> <span class="pre">u8,</span> <span class="pre">flags:</span> <span class="pre">u32)</span> <span class="pre">-></span> <span class="pre">i32</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><dl class="simple">
|
||
<dt>参数：</dt><dd><ul>
|
||
<li><p>olddirfd，newdirfd: 仅为了兼容性考虑，本次实验中始终为 AT_FDCWD (-100)，可以忽略。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>flags: 仅为了兼容性考虑，本次实验中始终为 0，可以忽略。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>oldpath：原有文件路径</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>newpath: 新的链接文件路径。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="simple">
|
||
<dt>说明：</dt><dd><ul>
|
||
<li><p>为了方便，不考虑新文件路径已经存在的情况（属于未定义行为），除非链接同名文件。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>返回值：如果出现了错误则返回 -1，否则返回 0。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="simple">
|
||
<dt>可能的错误</dt><dd><ul>
|
||
<li><p>链接同名文件。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
<p><strong>unlinkat</strong>:</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>syscall ID: 35</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>功能：取消一个文件路径到文件的链接, <a class="reference external" href="https://linux.die.net/man/2/unlinkat">unlinkat标准接口</a> 。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Ｃ接口： <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">unlinkat(int</span> <span class="pre">dirfd,</span> <span class="pre">char*</span> <span class="pre">path,</span> <span class="pre">unsigned</span> <span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">flags)</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Rust 接口： <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fn</span> <span class="pre">unlinkat(dirfd:</span> <span class="pre">i32,</span> <span class="pre">path:</span> <span class="pre">*const</span> <span class="pre">u8,</span> <span class="pre">flags:</span> <span class="pre">u32)</span> <span class="pre">-></span> <span class="pre">i32</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><dl class="simple">
|
||
<dt>参数：</dt><dd><ul>
|
||
<li><p>dirfd: 仅为了兼容性考虑，本次实验中始终为 AT_FDCWD (-100)，可以忽略。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>flags: 仅为了兼容性考虑，本次实验中始终为 0，可以忽略。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>path：文件路径。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="simple">
|
||
<dt>说明：</dt><dd><ul>
|
||
<li><p>注意考虑使用 unlink 彻底删除文件的情况，此时需要回收inode以及它对应的数据块。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>返回值：如果出现了错误则返回 -1，否则返回 0。</p></li>
|
||
<li><dl class="simple">
|
||
<dt>可能的错误</dt><dd><ul>
|
||
<li><p>文件不存在。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
<p><strong>fstat</strong>:</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><ul>
|
||
<li><p>syscall ID: 80</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>功能：获取文件状态。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Ｃ接口： <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">fstat(int</span> <span class="pre">fd,</span> <span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">Stat*</span> <span class="pre">st)</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Rust 接口： <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fn</span> <span class="pre">fstat(fd:</span> <span class="pre">i32,</span> <span class="pre">st:</span> <span class="pre">*mut</span> <span class="pre">Stat)</span> <span class="pre">-></span> <span class="pre">i32</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><dl>
|
||
<dt>参数：</dt><dd><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>fd: 文件描述符</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>st: 文件状态结构体</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="highlight-rust notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">#[repr(C)]</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="cp">#[derive(Debug)]</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">Stat</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// 文件所在磁盘驱动器号，该实验中写死为 0 即可</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dev</span>: <span class="kt">u64</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// inode 文件所在 inode 编号</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ino</span>: <span class="kt">u64</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// 文件类型</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mode</span>: <span class="nc">StatMode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// 硬链接数量，初始为1</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nlink</span>: <span class="kt">u32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// 无需考虑，为了兼容性设计</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pad</span>: <span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">u64</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="sd">/// StatMode 定义：</span>
|
||
<span class="n">bitflags</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">StatMode</span>: <span class="kt">u32</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// directory</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DIR</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mo">0o040000</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">/// ordinary regular file</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mo">0o100000</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="section" id="id2">
|
||
<h3>实验要求<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/LearningOS/rust-based-os-comp2022/tree/main/os6-ref">lab4(os6)参考框架:</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p>实验目录要求不变。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>通过所有测例。</p>
|
||
<p>在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os6</span></code> 目录下 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">run</span> <span class="pre">BASE=2</span></code> 加载所有测例， <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ch6_usertest</span></code> 打包了所有你需要通过的测例，你也可以通过修改这个文件调整本地测试的内容。</p>
|
||
<p>你的内核必须前向兼容，能通过前一章的所有测例。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
|
||
<p><strong>如何调试 easy-fs</strong></p>
|
||
<p>如果你在第一章练习题中已经借助 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">log</span></code> crate 实现了日志功能，那么你可以直接在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs</span></code> 中引入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">log</span></code> crate，通过 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">log::info!/debug!</span></code> 等宏即可进行调试并在内核中看到日志输出。具体来说，在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs</span></code> 中的修改是：在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs/Cargo.toml</span></code> 的依赖中加入一行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">log</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">"0.4.0"</span></code>，然后在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs/src/lib.rs</span></code> 中加入一行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">extern</span> <span class="pre">crate</span> <span class="pre">log</span></code> 。</p>
|
||
<p>你也可以完全在用户态进行调试。仿照 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs-fuse</span></code> 建立一个在当前操作系统中运行的应用程序，将测试逻辑写在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main</span></code> 函数中。这个时候就可以将它引用的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs</span></code> 的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">no_std</span></code> 去掉并使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">println!</span></code> 进行调试。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>开发并通过所有测例</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">YOUR_LAB4_REPO_DIR</span></code> 下进行编码（可学习参考 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os6-ref/src</span></code> 目录下的源代码，并在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os6/src</span></code> 中完成编码），并进行编译测试。</p>
|
||
<p>注意：本次实验需要扩展文件系统的功能，所以，除了需要修改扩展 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os6</span></code> 目录下的代码外，还需要修改扩展 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs</span></code> 和 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">easy-fs-fuse</span></code> 下面的部分代码。</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
|
||
<p><strong>测试方式</strong></p>
|
||
<p>你的实现只需且必须通过测例，建议读者感到困惑时先检查测例</p>
|
||
<p>如果实现正确，可在项目仓库的根目录下执行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">test6</span></code> ，应该看到类似如下的显示输出：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">cd</span> YOUR_LAB4_REPO_DIR
|
||
<span class="gp">$ </span>make test6
|
||
<span class="go">......</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] RustSBI version 0.2.2, adapting to RISC-V SBI v1.0.0</span>
|
||
<span class="go">.______ __ __ _______.___________. _______..______ __</span>
|
||
<span class="go">| _ \ | | | | / | | / || _ \ | |</span>
|
||
<span class="go">| |_) | | | | | | (----`---| |----`| (----`| |_) || |</span>
|
||
<span class="go">| / | | | | \ \ | | \ \ | _ < | |</span>
|
||
<span class="go">| |\ \----.| `--' |.----) | | | .----) | | |_) || |</span>
|
||
<span class="go">| _| `._____| \______/ |_______/ |__| |_______/ |______/ |__|</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Implementation : RustSBI-QEMU Version 0.1.1</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Platform Name : riscv-virtio,qemu</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Platform SMP : 1</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Platform Memory : 0x80000000..0x88000000</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Boot HART : 0</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Device Tree Region : 0x87000000..0x87000ef2</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Firmware Address : 0x80000000</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] Supervisor Address : 0x80200000</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] pmp01: 0x00000000..0x80000000 (-wr)</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] pmp02: 0x80000000..0x80200000 (---)</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[rustsbi] pmp03: 0x80200000..0x88000000 (xwr)</span>
|
||
<span class="go">......</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] found <Test 04_5 ummap OK53852!></span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] found <Test 04_1 OK53852!></span>
|
||
<span class="go">.....</span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] found <Test write C OK53852!></span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] found <get_time OK53852! (\d+)></span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] not found <FAIL: T.T></span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] not found <Should cause error, Test 04_2 fail!></span>
|
||
<span class="go">[PASS] not found <Should cause error, Test 04_3 fail!></span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="go">Test passed53852: 27/27</span>
|
||
<span class="go">Report for lab1 found.</span>
|
||
<span class="go">Report for lab2 found.</span>
|
||
<span class="go">Report for lab3 found.</span>
|
||
<span class="go">Report for lab4 found.</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>提交你的修改</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>如果是基于GitHub Classroom 开发, 在本地环境或在线codespaces环境下，执行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">git</span> <span class="pre">push</span></code> 命令，提交修改的代码到gitub进行CI自动评测。如果评测结果是 红色小叉 （位于repo的中上位置），可进一步点击红色小叉查找具体出错时的CI执行情况。</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="section" id="id3">
|
||
<h2>问答作业<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
||
<li><p>在我们的easy-fs中，root inode起着什么作用？如果root inode中的内容损坏了，会发生什么？</p></li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="section" id="id4">
|
||
<h2>报告要求<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>简单总结你实现的功能（200字以内，不要贴代码）。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>完成问答题。</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>(optional) 你对本次实验设计及难度/工作量的看法，以及有哪些需要改进的地方，欢迎畅所欲言。</p></li>
|
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