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fix mm direcotry

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Dongliang Mu
2018-03-15 00:25:26 -04:00
parent 1c8f44e45b
commit 1917026567
10 changed files with 23 additions and 23 deletions
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2
Initialization/linux-initialization-4.md
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@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ Linux version 4.0.0-rc6+ (alex@localhost) (gcc version 4.9.1 (Ubuntu 4.9.1-16ubu
memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text), (unsigned long)__bss_stop - (unsigned long)_text);
```
你可以阅读关于`memblock`的相关内容在[Linux kernel memory management Part 1.](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/linux-mm-1.html)，你应该还记得`memblock_reserve`函数的两个参数：
你可以阅读关于`memblock`的相关内容在[Linux kernel memory management Part 1.](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/linux-mm-1.html)，你应该还记得`memblock_reserve`函数的两个参数：
* base physical address of a memory block;
* size of a memory block.

4
Initialization/linux-initialization-6.md
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@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ After this we can see call of the:
memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
```
function. This function is defined in the same [arch/x86/kernel/setup.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c) source code file and remaps memory for the `setup_data` and reserved memory block for the `setup_data` (more about `setup_data` you can read in the previous [part](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/Initialization/linux-initialization-5.html) and about `ioremap` and `memblock` you can read in the [Linux kernel memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/index.html)).
function. This function is defined in the same [arch/x86/kernel/setup.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c) source code file and remaps memory for the `setup_data` and reserved memory block for the `setup_data` (more about `setup_data` you can read in the previous [part](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/Initialization/linux-initialization-5.html) and about `ioremap` and `memblock` you can read in the [Linux kernel memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/index.html)).
In the next step we can see following conditional statement:
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ Links
* [Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt)
* [APIC](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Programmable_Interrupt_Controller)
* [CPU masks](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/Concepts/cpumask.html)
* [Linux kernel memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/index.html)
* [Linux kernel memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/index.html)
* [PCI](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_PCI)
* [e820](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E820)
* [System Management BIOS](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Management_BIOS)

4
Initialization/linux-initialization-7.md
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Kernel initialization. Part 7.
The End of the architecture-specific initialization, almost...
================================================================================
This is the seventh part of the Linux Kernel initialization process which covers insides of the `setup_arch` function from the [arch/x86/kernel/setup.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c#L861). As you can know from the previous [parts](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/Initialization/index.html), the `setup_arch` function does some architecture-specific (in our case it is [x86_64](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64)) initialization stuff like reserving memory for kernel code/data/bss, early scanning of the [Desktop Management Interface](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_Management_Interface), early dump of the [PCI](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI) device and many many more. If you have read the previous [part](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/Initialization/%20linux-initialization-6.html), you can remember that we've finished it at the `setup_real_mode` function. In the next step, as we set limit of the [memblock](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/linux-mm-1.html) to the all mapped pages, we can see the call of the `setup_log_buf` function from the [kernel/printk/printk.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/kernel/printk/printk.c).
This is the seventh part of the Linux Kernel initialization process which covers insides of the `setup_arch` function from the [arch/x86/kernel/setup.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c#L861). As you can know from the previous [parts](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/Initialization/index.html), the `setup_arch` function does some architecture-specific (in our case it is [x86_64](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64)) initialization stuff like reserving memory for kernel code/data/bss, early scanning of the [Desktop Management Interface](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_Management_Interface), early dump of the [PCI](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI) device and many many more. If you have read the previous [part](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/Initialization/%20linux-initialization-6.html), you can remember that we've finished it at the `setup_real_mode` function. In the next step, as we set limit of the [memblock](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/linux-mm-1.html) to the all mapped pages, we can see the call of the `setup_log_buf` function from the [kernel/printk/printk.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/kernel/printk/printk.c).
The `setup_log_buf` function setups kernel cyclic buffer and its length depends on the `CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT` configuration option. As we can read from the documentation of the `CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT` it can be between `12` and `21`. In the insides, buffer defined as array of chars:
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ BUILD_BUG_ON((unsigned long)__fix_to_virt(VSYSCALL_PAGE) !=
(unsigned long)VSYSCALL_ADDR);
```
Now `vsyscall` area is in the `fix-mapped` area. That's all about `map_vsyscall`, if you do not know anything about fix-mapped addresses, you can read [Fix-Mapped Addresses and ioremap](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/linux-mm-2.html). We will see more about `vsyscalls` in the `vsyscalls and vdso` part.
Now `vsyscall` area is in the `fix-mapped` area. That's all about `map_vsyscall`, if you do not know anything about fix-mapped addresses, you can read [Fix-Mapped Addresses and ioremap](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/linux-mm-2.html). We will see more about `vsyscalls` in the `vsyscalls and vdso` part.
Getting the SMP configuration
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
Initialization/linux-initialization-8.md
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@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ pgtable_init();
vmalloc_init();
```
The first is `page_ext_init_flatmem` which depends on the `CONFIG_SPARSEMEM` kernel configuration option and initializes extended data per page handling. The `mem_init` releases all `bootmem`, the `kmem_cache_init` initializes kernel cache, the `percpu_init_late` - replaces `percpu` chunks with those allocated by [slub](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLUB_%28software%29), the `pgtable_init` - initializes the `page->ptl` kernel cache, the `vmalloc_init` - initializes `vmalloc`. Please, **NOTE** that we will not dive into details about all of these functions and concepts, but we will see all of they it in the [Linux kernel memory manager](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/index.html) chapter.
The first is `page_ext_init_flatmem` which depends on the `CONFIG_SPARSEMEM` kernel configuration option and initializes extended data per page handling. The `mem_init` releases all `bootmem`, the `kmem_cache_init` initializes kernel cache, the `percpu_init_late` - replaces `percpu` chunks with those allocated by [slub](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLUB_%28software%29), the `pgtable_init` - initializes the `page->ptl` kernel cache, the `vmalloc_init` - initializes `vmalloc`. Please, **NOTE** that we will not dive into details about all of these functions and concepts, but we will see all of they it in the [Linux kernel memory manager](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/index.html) chapter.
That's all. Now we can look on the `scheduler`.
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ Links
* [high-resolution kernel timer](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/timers/hrtimers.txt)
* [spinlock](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinlock)
* [Run queue](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_queue)
* [Linux kernem memory manager](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/mm/index.html)
* [Linux kernem memory manager](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/MM/index.html)
* [slub](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLUB_%28software%29)
* [virtual file system](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_file_system)
* [Linux kernel hotplug documentation](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt)

6
Initialization/linux-initialization-9.md
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@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void __init idr_init_cache(void)
}
```
Here we can see the call of the `kmem_cache_create`. We already called the `kmem_cache_init` in the [init/main.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/init/main.c#L485). This function create generalized caches again using the `kmem_cache_alloc` (more about caches we will see in the [Linux kernel memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/index.html) chapter). In our case, as we are using `kmem_cache_t` which will be used by the [slab](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_allocation) allocator and `kmem_cache_create` creates it. As you can see we pass five parameters to the `kmem_cache_create`:
Here we can see the call of the `kmem_cache_create`. We already called the `kmem_cache_init` in the [init/main.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/init/main.c#L485). This function create generalized caches again using the `kmem_cache_alloc` (more about caches we will see in the [Linux kernel memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/index.html) chapter). In our case, as we are using `kmem_cache_t` which will be used by the [slab](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_allocation) allocator and `kmem_cache_create` creates it. As you can see we pass five parameters to the `kmem_cache_create`:
* name of the cache;
* size of the object to store in cache;
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ The next couple of functions are related with the [perf](https://perf.wiki.kerne
local_irq_enable();
```
which expands to the `sti` instruction and making post initialization of the [SLAB](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_allocation) with the call of the `kmem_cache_init_late` function (As I wrote above we will know about the `SLAB` in the [Linux memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/mm/index.html) chapter).
which expands to the `sti` instruction and making post initialization of the [SLAB](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_allocation) with the call of the `kmem_cache_init_late` function (As I wrote above we will know about the `SLAB` in the [Linux memory management](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/MM/index.html) chapter).
After the post initialization of the `SLAB`, next point is initialization of the console with the `console_init` function from the [drivers/tty/tty_io.c](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/tty/tty_io.c).
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ Links
* [Documentation/memory-barriers.txt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt)
* [Runtime locking correctness validator](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.txt)
* [Per-CPU variables](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/Concepts/per-cpu.html)
* [Linux kernel memory management](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/mm/index.html)
* [Linux kernel memory management](http://0xax.gitbooks.io/linux-insides/content/MM/index.html)
* [slab](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_allocation)
* [i2c](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C2%B2C)
* [Previous part](http://xinqiu.gitbooks.io/linux-insides-cn/content/Initialization/linux-initialization-8.html)