198 lines
17 KiB
TeX
Executable File
198 lines
17 KiB
TeX
Executable File
\contentsline {chapter}{产品概述}{1}{chapter*.3}
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\contentsline {chapter}{关于本书}{5}{chapter*.4}
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\contentsline {section}{文档约定}{5}{section*.5}
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\contentsline {section}{术语简介}{7}{section*.5}
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\contentsline {section}{如何使用本书}{9}{section*.5}
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\ttl@change@i {\@ne }{chapter}{4em}{}{\renewcommand {\baselinestretch }{2}\bfseries \contentslabel [第\,{\thecontentslabel }\,章]{3.5em}}{}{\titlerule *{}\bfseries \contentspage }\relax
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\ttl@change@v {chapter}{}{}{}\relax
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}登录和注销}{10}{chapter.1}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}登录}{10}{section.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.1}从桌面登录}{11}{subsection.1.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1.1.1.1}桌面的使用}{14}{subsubsection.1.1.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1.1.1.2}控制会话}{15}{subsubsection.1.1.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1.1.1.3}锁定屏幕}{16}{subsubsection.1.1.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.2}从控制台登录}{16}{subsection.1.1.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.2}文档和帮助}{18}{section.1.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.3}注销}{19}{section.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.3.1}从桌面注销}{19}{subsection.1.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.3.2}从控制台注销}{19}{subsection.1.3.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.4}远程登录}{20}{section.1.4}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}系统基本使用}{23}{chapter.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Bash\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 简介}{23}{section.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}命令}{23}{subsection.2.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}文件和目录}{24}{subsection.2.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.3}Bash\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 功能}{25}{subsection.2.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.4}指定路径}{26}{subsection.2.1.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.5}通配符}{26}{subsection.2.1.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.6}less\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 和\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces more}{27}{subsection.2.1.6}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.7}管道}{27}{subsection.2.1.7}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.8}存档和数据压缩}{28}{subsection.2.1.8}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}用户和访问控制}{29}{section.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.1}文件系统权限}{29}{subsection.2.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.2}修改文件权限}{31}{subsection.2.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.3}setuid\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 位}{32}{subsection.2.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.4}setgid\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 位}{32}{subsection.2.2.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.5}粘滞位}{32}{subsection.2.2.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.6}自主访问控制}{33}{subsection.2.2.6}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2.2.6.1}访问控制列表}{34}{subsubsection.2.2.6.1}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}重要的\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces Linux\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 命令}{36}{section.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.1}文件命令}{36}{subsection.2.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.2}系统命令}{40}{subsection.2.3.2}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}分区与文件系统}{43}{chapter.3}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}磁盘分区}{43}{section.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.1}命令行分区工具——parted}{43}{subsection.3.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.1.1}parted基本用法}{43}{subsubsection.3.1.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.1.2}创建分区表}{43}{subsubsection.3.1.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.1.3}查看磁盘分区情况}{44}{subsubsection.3.1.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.1.4}添加分区}{44}{subsubsection.3.1.1.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.1.5}删除分区}{45}{subsubsection.3.1.1.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.2}图形分区工具——gparted}{45}{subsection.3.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.2.1}启动gparted程序}{45}{subsubsection.3.1.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.2.2}gparted程序首界面}{46}{subsubsection.3.1.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.2.3}创建分区表}{47}{subsubsection.3.1.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.2.4}添加分区}{49}{subsubsection.3.1.2.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.1.2.5}删除分区}{51}{subsubsection.3.1.2.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}文件系统}{52}{section.3.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}创建文件系统}{53}{subsection.3.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.2}修复文件系统}{53}{subsection.3.2.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}磁盘阵列RAID}{54}{section.3.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3.1}创建RAID}{54}{subsection.3.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3.2}关闭RAID}{55}{subsection.3.3.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.4}逻辑卷管理LVM}{55}{section.3.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4.1}基本命令介绍}{56}{subsection.3.4.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4.2}逻辑卷创建}{57}{subsection.3.4.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4.3}逻辑卷扩容}{57}{subsection.3.4.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4.4}删除逻辑卷}{58}{subsection.3.4.4}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}中文支持}{59}{chapter.4}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}多语言环境支持}{59}{section.4.1}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}字符编码与中文字体}{59}{section.4.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}输入法}{62}{section.4.3}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}系统管理}{63}{chapter.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}关闭或重新启动系统}{63}{section.5.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.1.1}关闭系统}{63}{subsection.5.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.1.2}重启系统}{63}{subsection.5.1.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}初始化设置}{63}{section.5.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.1}设备驱动模块配置}{63}{subsection.5.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.2}profile\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{64}{subsection.5.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.3}issue\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{65}{subsection.5.2.3}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}系统配置}{65}{section.5.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3.1}fstab\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{65}{subsection.5.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3.2}inittab\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{66}{subsection.5.3.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}挂载和卸载}{69}{section.5.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.1}挂载}{69}{subsection.5.4.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.2}卸载}{70}{subsection.5.4.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.5}系统监控}{70}{section.5.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.6}数据备份与恢复}{72}{section.5.6}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.6.1}数据备份的重要性}{72}{subsection.5.6.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.6.2}工具名称}{72}{subsection.5.6.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.6.3}工具安装}{72}{subsection.5.6.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.6.4}备份与恢复策略}{72}{subsection.5.6.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.6.4.1}完全备份}{72}{subsubsection.5.6.4.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.6.4.2}增量备份}{73}{subsubsection.5.6.4.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.6.4.3}差异备份}{74}{subsubsection.5.6.4.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.6.5}工具参数}{75}{subsection.5.6.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.6.6}功能演示}{76}{subsection.5.6.6}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}软件包管理}{78}{chapter.6}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}软件包管理机制}{78}{section.6.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.1}软件包概述}{78}{subsection.6.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.2}软件包命名约定}{78}{subsection.6.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.3}维护脚本}{78}{subsection.6.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.4}软件包优先级}{79}{subsection.6.1.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.5}软件包依赖关系}{80}{subsection.6.1.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}软件包管理工具}{80}{section.6.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}常用的包管理工具}{80}{subsection.6.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}dpkg}{80}{subsection.6.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.3}apt}{81}{subsection.6.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.2.3.1}设置软件源}{81}{subsubsection.6.2.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.2.3.2}apt-get}{81}{subsubsection.6.2.3.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.2.3.3}apt-cache}{82}{subsubsection.6.2.3.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.4}aptitude}{82}{subsection.6.2.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.5}安装软件包}{83}{subsection.6.2.5}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}用户管理}{85}{chapter.7}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}添加用户}{85}{section.7.1}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}删除用户}{85}{section.7.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.3}添加用户组}{85}{section.7.3}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.4}删除用户组}{86}{section.7.4}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.5}将用户添加到用户组}{86}{section.7.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.6}将用户从用户组中删除}{86}{section.7.6}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.7}改变用户当前所在组}{86}{section.7.7}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.8}修改用户口令}{87}{section.7.8}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.9}修改用户口令时限}{89}{section.7.9}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.10}修改用户信息}{90}{section.7.10}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.11}修改口令文件}{91}{section.7.11}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.12}定义鉴别阈值}{92}{section.7.12}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8}网络管理}{93}{chapter.8}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.1}网络参数配置}{93}{section.8.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.1}interfaces\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{93}{subsection.8.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.2}resolv.conf 文件}{94}{subsection.8.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.3}hostname\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{95}{subsection.8.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.4}services\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{95}{subsection.8.1.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.5}hosts.allow\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{96}{subsection.8.1.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.6}hosts.deny\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{97}{subsection.8.1.6}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.7}host.conf\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 文件}{97}{subsection.8.1.7}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.8}ifconfig\hspace {0.25em plus 0.125em minus 0.08em}\ignorespaces 命令}{99}{subsection.8.1.8}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.2}网络服务}{102}{section.8.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.1}Apache}{104}{subsection.8.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.1.1}简介}{104}{subsubsection.8.2.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.1.2}配置文件}{105}{subsubsection.8.2.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.1.3}配置文件参数}{105}{subsubsection.8.2.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.1.4}日志}{130}{subsubsection.8.2.1.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.1.5}参考信息}{135}{subsubsection.8.2.1.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.2}BIND}{135}{subsection.8.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.2.1}简介}{135}{subsubsection.8.2.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.2.2}配置文件}{135}{subsubsection.8.2.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.2.3}配置文件参数}{135}{subsubsection.8.2.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.2.4}参考信息}{139}{subsubsection.8.2.2.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.2.5}日志}{139}{subsubsection.8.2.2.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.3}Samba}{139}{subsection.8.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.3.1}简介}{139}{subsubsection.8.2.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.3.2}配置文件}{139}{subsubsection.8.2.3.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.3.3}配置文件参数}{140}{subsubsection.8.2.3.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.3.4}日志}{146}{subsubsection.8.2.3.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.3.5}参考信息}{147}{subsubsection.8.2.3.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.4}SSH}{147}{subsection.8.2.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.4.1}简介}{147}{subsubsection.8.2.4.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.4.2}配置文件}{147}{subsubsection.8.2.4.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.4.3}配置文件参数}{147}{subsubsection.8.2.4.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.5}DHCP}{151}{subsection.8.2.5}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.5.1}简介}{151}{subsubsection.8.2.5.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.5.2}配置文件}{152}{subsubsection.8.2.5.2}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.5.3}配置文件参数}{152}{subsubsection.8.2.5.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.5.4}日志}{153}{subsubsection.8.2.5.4}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.2.5.5}参考信息}{154}{subsubsection.8.2.5.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.3}bonding}{154}{section.8.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.3.1}参数说明}{154}{subsection.8.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.3.1.1}参数列表}{154}{subsubsection.8.3.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.3.2}bonding模式}{156}{subsection.8.3.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.3.3}配置bonding}{157}{subsection.8.3.3}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.3.3.1}操作系统及环境}{157}{subsubsection.8.3.3.1}
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\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {8.3.3.2}配置文件}{159}{subsubsection.8.3.3.2}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}开发}{161}{chapter.9}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}开发环境}{161}{section.9.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.1}java开发环境}{161}{subsection.9.1.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.2}C开发环境}{162}{subsection.9.1.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.3}C++开发环境}{162}{subsection.9.1.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.4}Python开发环境}{163}{subsection.9.1.4}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.5}Perl开发环境}{164}{subsection.9.1.5}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.6}Shell开发环境}{165}{subsection.9.1.6}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.7}Ruby开发环境}{165}{subsection.9.1.7}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.8}Php开发环境}{166}{subsection.9.1.8}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.9}Tcl/tk开发环境}{167}{subsection.9.1.9}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.10}Lisp开发环境}{167}{subsection.9.1.10}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}开发工具}{169}{section.9.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.1}eclipse}{169}{subsection.9.2.1}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.2}kdevelop}{170}{subsection.9.2.2}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.3}emacs}{171}{subsection.9.2.3}
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.4}qtcreater}{172}{subsection.9.2.4}
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10}常见问题解答}{173}{chapter.10}
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\ttl@change@i {\@ne }{chapter}{4em}{}{\renewcommand {\baselinestretch }{2}\bfseries \contentslabel [附录 \thecontentslabel ]{3.5em}}{}{\titlerule *{}\bfseries \contentspage }\relax
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\ttl@change@v {chapter}{}{}{}\relax
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\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}文件和目录}{183}{appendix.A}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.1}\texttt {/}}{184}{section.A.1}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.2}\texttt {/etc}}{185}{section.A.2}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.3}\texttt {/dev}}{186}{section.A.3}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.4}\texttt {/usr}}{186}{section.A.4}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.5}\texttt {/var}}{187}{section.A.5}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.6}\texttt {/proc}}{188}{section.A.6}
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\contentsfinish
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