From 8b6530526a82e5224decdc8e5979285bc30e5a47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: sandeeproy99 <33170898+sandeeproy99@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 28 Oct 2017 16:26:02 +0530
Subject: [PATCH] Tim Sort.cpp

Tim Sort Algorithm is based on radix sort & bubble sort.

It's stable algorithm which works in O(n Log n) time, is used in Java's Array.sort(). It first sorts using small pieces, later sorts each with merge sort.
---
 Sorting/Tim Sort.cpp | 116 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 116 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Sorting/Tim Sort.cpp

diff --git a/Sorting/Tim Sort.cpp b/Sorting/Tim Sort.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a97a123a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sorting/Tim Sort.cpp	
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// C++ program to perform TimSort.
+#include<bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+const int RUN = 32;
+ 
+// this function sorts array from left index to to right index which is of size atmost RUN
+void insertionSort(int arr[], int left, int right)
+{
+    for (int i = left + 1; i <= right; i++)
+    {
+        int temp = arr[i];
+        int j = i - 1;
+        while (arr[j] > temp && j >= left)
+        {
+            arr[j+1] = arr[j];
+            j--;
+        }
+        arr[j+1] = temp;
+    }
+}
+ 
+// merge function merges the sorted runs
+void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r)
+{
+    // original array is broken in two parts, left and right array
+    int len1 = m - l + 1, len2 = r - m;
+    int left[len1], right[len2];
+    for (int i = 0; i < len1; i++)
+        left[i] = arr[l + i];
+    for (int i = 0; i < len2; i++)
+        right[i] = arr[m + 1 + i];
+ 
+    int i = 0;
+    int j = 0;
+    int k = l;
+ 
+    // after comparing, we merge those two array in larger sub array
+    while (i < len1 && j < len2)
+    {
+        if (left[i] <= right[j])
+        {
+            arr[k] = left[i];
+            i++;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            arr[k] = right[j];
+            j++;
+        }
+        k++;
+    }
+ 
+    // copy remaining elements of left, if any
+    while (i < len1)
+    {
+        arr[k] = left[i];
+        k++;
+        i++;
+    }
+ 
+    // copy remaining element of right, if any
+    while (j < len2)
+    {
+        arr[k] = right[j];
+        k++;
+        j++;
+    }
+}
+ 
+// iterative Timsort function to sort the array[0...n-1] (similar to merge sort)
+void timSort(int arr[], int n)
+{
+    // Sort individual subarrays of size RUN
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i+=RUN)
+        insertionSort(arr, i, min((i+31), (n-1)));
+ 
+    // start merging from size RUN (or 32). It will merge to form size 64, then 128, 256 and so on ....
+    for (int size = RUN; size < n; size = 2*size)
+    {
+        // pick starting point of left sub array. We are going to merge arr[left..left+size-1] and arr[left+size, left+2*size-1]
+        // After every merge, we increase left by 2*size
+        for (int left = 0; left < n; left += 2*size)
+        {
+            // find ending point of left sub array
+            // mid+1 is starting point of right sub array
+            int mid = left + size - 1;
+            int right = min((left + 2*size - 1), (n-1));
+ 
+            // merge sub array arr[left.....mid] & arr[mid+1....right]
+            merge(arr, left, mid, right);
+        }
+    }
+}
+ 
+// utility function to print the Array
+void printArray(int arr[], int n)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+        printf("%d  ", arr[i]);
+    printf("\n");
+}
+ 
+// Driver program to test above function
+int main()
+{
+    int arr[] = {5, 21, 7, 23, 19};
+    int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
+    printf("Given Array is\n");
+    printArray(arr, n);
+ 
+    timSort(arr, n);
+ 
+    printf("After Sorting Array is\n");
+    printArray(arr, n);
+    return 0;
+}