# 说明 PVE更新了7.4版本以后，官方提供了一个可选的6.2版本的内核，这样一来就可以通过自行将系统内核升级到这个版本来获得对Intel 12代以后CPU核显的直通能力了。这篇文档除了直通配置以外还包含了jellyfin硬解的配置。 # 操作步骤 ## 1.升级pve内核至6.2版本（PVE8以上直接跳过） **注意：如果你使用的PVE版本是8，那么PVE的核心本身就是6.2以上的，所以在这种情况下，应该直接跳过步骤1。** 1.1设置软件源为： ``` deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/proxmox/debian bullseye pve-no-subscription ``` 1.2更新源并查看可用的内核列表 ``` apt update apt search pve-kernel|grep pve-kernel- ``` 1.3安装内核 ``` apt install pve-kernel-6.2 ``` 1.4查看内核列表，确实安装成功 ``` proxmox-boot-tool kernel list ``` 1.5将新内核设置为默认 ``` proxmox-boot-tool kernel pin 6.2.11-1-pve ``` 1.6 `reboot`重启系统 ## 2.核查ubuntu虚拟机的设置 2.1系统需要是Default (i440fx)，bios选择Default (SeaBIOS)。 ## 3.在PVE中配置核显直通 3.0 以超级用户身份登录 3.1`vi /etc/default/grub`编辑grub配置，将GRUB\_CMDLINE\_LINUX\_DEFAULT的值改为`quiet intel_iommu=on iommu=pt initcall_blacklist=sysfb_init pcie_acs_override=downstream`，配置全文如下 ```conf # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_TIMEOUT=5 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on iommu=pt initcall_blacklist=sysfb_init pcie_acs_override=downstream" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" ``` 3.2 `vi /etc/modules`添加如下配置，原本这个文件里只有注释，添加以后如下所示 ```conf # /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time. # # This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded # at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored. vfio vfio_iommu_type1 vfio_pci # vfio_virqfd # 若内核在6.2版本以下需要打开注释 ``` 3.3 `vi /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf` 编辑黑名单，让pve开机不加载核显驱动,这个文件可以不存在，vi打开时是新建状态，添加完配置后文件全文如下 ```conf blacklist snd_hda_intel blacklist snd_hda_codec_hdmi blacklist i915 ``` 3.4 `vim /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf`在其中加入如下内容。 ``` options kvm ignore_msrs=1 report_ignored_msrs=0 ``` ignore_msrs=1 意为忽略异常 report_ignored_msrs=0 意为不报告异常 **3.5 重载系统配置** 3.5.1`update-grub`刷新grub配置 3.5.2`update-initramfs -u -k all`刷新initramfs 3.5.3`proxmox-boot-tool refresh`，使用PVE8版本新增的工具刷新配置。 3.5.4`reboot`重启pve 3.5.5`dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU -e AMD-Vi`查询系统状态是否确实开启了IOMMU **3.6 确定核显的设备号** 3.6.1 执行`lspci`命令，可以看到pci设备的列表，大致如下： ```txt root@aquar:~# lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 4668 (rev 02) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 460d (rev 02) 00:02.0 Display controller: Intel Corporation AlderLake-S GT1 (rev 0c) 00:06.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 464d (rev 02) 00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Device 464f (rev 02) 00:0a.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device 467d (rev 01) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Device 7ae0 (rev 11) 00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Device 7aa7 (rev 11) 00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Device 7af0 (rev 11) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Device 7ae8 (rev 11) 00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Device 7ae2 (rev 11) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7ab8 (rev 11) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7ab9 (rev 11) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7abb (rev 11) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7a86 (rev 11) 00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Device 7ad0 (rev 11) 00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Device 7aa3 (rev 11) 00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device 7aa4 (rev 11) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti] (rev a1) 01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GP107GL High Definition Audio Controller (rev a1) 02:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device a809 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8125 2.5GbE Controller (rev 05) 05:00.0 SATA controller: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1062 Serial ATA Controller (rev 02) ``` 其中可以看出来00:02.0是intel的核显。 3.6.2 执行`lspci -n -s 00:02` 命令得到完整的设备号8086:4680，记录下来下一步会使用。 ```txt root@aquar:~# lspci -n -s 00:02 00:02.0 0380: 8086:4680 (rev 0c) ``` 3.7 `vi /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf `配置直通的核显信息，ids替换成3.5.2记录下来的设备号 ```conf options vfio-pci ids=8086:4680 ``` 3.8执行`update-initramfs -u`更新Initramfs 3.9 `reboot`重启pve ## 4.配置ubuntu 4.1在ubutnu虚拟机的硬件配置中添加00:02的pci核显设备。 ![35775f9759fc9e1b68e32433edb0290f.png](../_resources/35775f9759fc9e1b68e32433edb0290f.png) 4.2安装intel驱动 ```bash sudo apt-get install -y gpg-agent wget wget -qO - https://repositories.intel.com/graphics/intel-graphics.key | \ sudo gpg --dearmor --output /usr/share/keyrings/intel-graphics.gpg echo 'deb [arch=amd64,i386 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/intel-graphics.gpg] https://repositories.intel.com/graphics/ubuntu jammy arc' | \ sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intel.gpu.jammy.list ``` 4.3安装intel\_gpu\_tools ``` apt install intel-gpu-tools ``` 4.4安装vaapi ```bash sudo apt install libmfx1 libmfx-tools sudo apt install libva-dev libmfx-dev intel-media-va-driver-non-free ``` 4.5 添加环境变量 ``` cat >> /etc/bash.bashrc <控制台->播放，将硬件加速下拉框选为VAAPI，VA-API设备会默认为/dev/dri/renderD128，你需要核对你的docker宿主机的核显驱动是否是他。然后吧所有能勾的编码选项都勾上，把下面的启动色调映射也勾上。 ![c5ad142994dbb117f7ab4e1ffcd5f712.png](../_resources/c5ad142994dbb117f7ab4e1ffcd5f712.png) ![5c4f37089ea5aec94fbc68b85eba9303.png](../_resources/5c4f37089ea5aec94fbc68b85eba9303.png) 完成。