mirror of
https://github.com/eunomia-bpf/bpf-developer-tutorial.git
synced 2026-10-31 20:54:56 +08:00
feat: deploy static web with mdbook (#11)
This commit is contained in:
7
src/10-hardirqs/.gitignore
vendored
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7
src/10-hardirqs/.gitignore
vendored
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@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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.vscode
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package.json
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*.o
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*.skel.json
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*.skel.yaml
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package.yaml
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ecli
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176
src/10-hardirqs/README.md
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176
src/10-hardirqs/README.md
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# eBPF 入门开发实践教程十:在 eBPF 中使用 hardirqs 或 softirqs 捕获中断事件
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eBPF (Extended Berkeley Packet Filter) 是 Linux 内核上的一个强大的网络和性能分析工具。它允许开发者在内核运行时动态加载、更新和运行用户定义的代码。
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本文是 eBPF 入门开发实践教程的第十篇,在 eBPF 中。
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## hardirqs是什么?
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hardirqs 是 bcc-tools 工具包的一部分,该工具包是一组用于在 Linux 系统上执行系统跟踪和分析的实用程序。
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hardirqs 是一种用于跟踪和分析 Linux 内核中的中断处理程序的工具。它使用 BPF(Berkeley Packet Filter)程序来收集有关中断处理程序的数据,
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并可用于识别内核中的性能问题和其他与中断处理相关的问题。
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## 实现原理
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在 Linux 内核中,每个中断处理程序都有一个唯一的名称,称为中断向量。hardirqs 通过检查每个中断处理程序的中断向量,来监控内核中的中断处理程序。当内核接收到一个中断时,它会查找与该中断相关的中断处理程序,并执行该程序。hardirqs 通过检查内核中执行的中断处理程序,来监控内核中的中断处理程序。另外,hardirqs 还可以通过注入 BPF 程序到内核中,来捕获内核中的中断处理程序。这样,hardirqs 就可以监控内核中执行的中断处理程序,并收集有关它们的信息。
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## 代码实现
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```c
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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// Copyright (c) 2020 Wenbo Zhang
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#include <vmlinux.h>
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#include <bpf/bpf_core_read.h>
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#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
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#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
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#include "hardirqs.h"
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#include "bits.bpf.h"
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#include "maps.bpf.h"
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#define MAX_ENTRIES 256
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const volatile bool filter_cg = false;
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const volatile bool targ_dist = false;
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const volatile bool targ_ns = false;
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const volatile bool do_count = false;
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struct {
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__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY);
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__type(key, u32);
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__type(value, u32);
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__uint(max_entries, 1);
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} cgroup_map SEC(".maps");
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struct {
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__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
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__uint(max_entries, 1);
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__type(key, u32);
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__type(value, u64);
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} start SEC(".maps");
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struct {
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__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
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__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
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__type(key, struct irq_key);
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__type(value, struct info);
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} infos SEC(".maps");
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static struct info zero;
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static int handle_entry(int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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if (filter_cg && !bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(&cgroup_map, 0))
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return 0;
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if (do_count) {
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struct irq_key key = {};
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struct info *info;
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bpf_probe_read_kernel_str(&key.name, sizeof(key.name), BPF_CORE_READ(action, name));
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info = bpf_map_lookup_or_try_init(&infos, &key, &zero);
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if (!info)
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return 0;
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info->count += 1;
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return 0;
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} else {
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u64 ts = bpf_ktime_get_ns();
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u32 key = 0;
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if (filter_cg && !bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(&cgroup_map, 0))
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return 0;
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bpf_map_update_elem(&start, &key, &ts, BPF_ANY);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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static int handle_exit(int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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struct irq_key ikey = {};
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struct info *info;
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u32 key = 0;
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u64 delta;
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u64 *tsp;
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if (filter_cg && !bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(&cgroup_map, 0))
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return 0;
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tsp = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&start, &key);
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if (!tsp)
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return 0;
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delta = bpf_ktime_get_ns() - *tsp;
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if (!targ_ns)
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delta /= 1000U;
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bpf_probe_read_kernel_str(&ikey.name, sizeof(ikey.name), BPF_CORE_READ(action, name));
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info = bpf_map_lookup_or_try_init(&infos, &ikey, &zero);
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if (!info)
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return 0;
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if (!targ_dist) {
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info->count += delta;
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} else {
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u64 slot;
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slot = log2(delta);
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if (slot >= MAX_SLOTS)
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slot = MAX_SLOTS - 1;
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info->slots[slot]++;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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SEC("tp_btf/irq_handler_entry")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_entry_btf, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_entry(irq, action);
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}
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SEC("tp_btf/irq_handler_exit")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_exit_btf, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_exit(irq, action);
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}
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SEC("raw_tp/irq_handler_entry")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_entry, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_entry(irq, action);
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}
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SEC("raw_tp/irq_handler_exit")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_exit, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_exit(irq, action);
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}
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char LICENSE[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
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```
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这是一个 BPF(Berkeley Packet Filter)程序。BPF 程序是小型程序,可以直接在 Linux 内核中运行,用于过滤和操纵网络流量。这个特定的程序似乎旨在收集内核中中断处理程序的统计信息。它定义了一些地图(可以在 BPF 程序和内核的其他部分之间共享的数据结构)和两个函数:handle_entry 和 handle_exit。当内核进入和退出中断处理程序时,分别执行这些函数。handle_entry 函数用于跟踪中断处理程序被执行的次数,而 handle_exit 则用于测量中断处理程序中花费的时间。
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## 运行代码
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eunomia-bpf 是一个结合 Wasm 的开源 eBPF 动态加载运行时和开发工具链,它的目的是简化 eBPF 程序的开发、构建、分发、运行。可以参考 <https://github.com/eunomia-bpf/eunomia-bpf> 下载和安装 ecc 编译工具链和 ecli 运行时。我们使用 eunomia-bpf 编译运行这个例子。
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要编译这个程序,请使用 ecc 工具:
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```console
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$ ecc hardirqs.bpf.c
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Compiling bpf object...
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Packing ebpf object and config into package.json...
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```
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然后运行:
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```console
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sudo ecli ./package.json
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```
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## 总结
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更多的例子和详细的开发指南,请参考 eunomia-bpf 的官方文档:<https://github.com/eunomia-bpf/eunomia-bpf>
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完整的教程和源代码已经全部开源,可以在 <https://github.com/eunomia-bpf/bpf-developer-tutorial> 中查看。
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31
src/10-hardirqs/bits.bpf.h
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31
src/10-hardirqs/bits.bpf.h
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
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#ifndef __BITS_BPF_H
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#define __BITS_BPF_H
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#define READ_ONCE(x) (*(volatile typeof(x) *)&(x))
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#define WRITE_ONCE(x, val) ((*(volatile typeof(x) *)&(x)) = val)
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static __always_inline u64 log2(u32 v)
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{
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u32 shift, r;
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r = (v > 0xFFFF) << 4; v >>= r;
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shift = (v > 0xFF) << 3; v >>= shift; r |= shift;
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shift = (v > 0xF) << 2; v >>= shift; r |= shift;
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shift = (v > 0x3) << 1; v >>= shift; r |= shift;
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r |= (v >> 1);
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return r;
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}
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static __always_inline u64 log2l(u64 v)
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{
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u32 hi = v >> 32;
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if (hi)
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return log2(hi) + 32;
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else
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return log2(v);
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}
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#endif /* __BITS_BPF_H */
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135
src/10-hardirqs/hardirqs.bpf.c
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135
src/10-hardirqs/hardirqs.bpf.c
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@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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// Copyright (c) 2020 Wenbo Zhang
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#include <vmlinux.h>
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#include <bpf/bpf_core_read.h>
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#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
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#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
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#include "hardirqs.h"
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#include "bits.bpf.h"
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#include "maps.bpf.h"
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#define MAX_ENTRIES 256
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const volatile bool filter_cg = false;
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const volatile bool targ_dist = false;
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const volatile bool targ_ns = false;
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const volatile bool do_count = false;
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struct irq_key {
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char name[32];
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};
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struct {
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__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY);
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__type(key, u32);
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__type(value, u32);
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__uint(max_entries, 1);
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} cgroup_map SEC(".maps");
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struct {
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__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
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__uint(max_entries, 1);
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__type(key, u32);
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__type(value, u64);
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} start SEC(".maps");
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/// @sample {"interval": 1000, "type" : "log2_hist"}
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struct {
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__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
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__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
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__type(key, struct irq_key);
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__type(value, struct info);
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} infos SEC(".maps");
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static struct info zero;
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static int handle_entry(int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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if (filter_cg && !bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(&cgroup_map, 0))
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return 0;
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if (do_count) {
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struct irq_key key = {};
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struct info *info;
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bpf_probe_read_kernel_str(&key.name, sizeof(key.name), BPF_CORE_READ(action, name));
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info = bpf_map_lookup_or_try_init(&infos, &key, &zero);
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if (!info)
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return 0;
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info->count += 1;
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return 0;
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} else {
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u64 ts = bpf_ktime_get_ns();
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u32 key = 0;
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if (filter_cg && !bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(&cgroup_map, 0))
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return 0;
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bpf_map_update_elem(&start, &key, &ts, BPF_ANY);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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static int handle_exit(int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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struct irq_key ikey = {};
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struct info *info;
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u32 key = 0;
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u64 delta;
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u64 *tsp;
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if (filter_cg && !bpf_current_task_under_cgroup(&cgroup_map, 0))
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return 0;
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tsp = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&start, &key);
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if (!tsp)
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return 0;
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delta = bpf_ktime_get_ns() - *tsp;
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if (!targ_ns)
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delta /= 1000U;
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bpf_probe_read_kernel_str(&ikey.name, sizeof(ikey.name), BPF_CORE_READ(action, name));
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info = bpf_map_lookup_or_try_init(&infos, &ikey, &zero);
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if (!info)
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return 0;
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if (!targ_dist) {
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info->count += delta;
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} else {
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u64 slot;
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slot = log2(delta);
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if (slot >= MAX_SLOTS)
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slot = MAX_SLOTS - 1;
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info->slots[slot]++;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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SEC("tp_btf/irq_handler_entry")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_entry_btf, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_entry(irq, action);
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}
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SEC("tp_btf/irq_handler_exit")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_exit_btf, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_exit(irq, action);
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}
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SEC("raw_tp/irq_handler_entry")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_entry, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_entry(irq, action);
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}
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SEC("raw_tp/irq_handler_exit")
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int BPF_PROG(irq_handler_exit, int irq, struct irqaction *action)
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{
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return handle_exit(irq, action);
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}
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char LICENSE[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
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12
src/10-hardirqs/hardirqs.h
Normal file
12
src/10-hardirqs/hardirqs.h
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
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#ifndef __HARDIRQS_H
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#define __HARDIRQS_H
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#define MAX_SLOTS 20
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struct info {
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__u64 count;
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__u32 slots[MAX_SLOTS];
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};
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#endif /* __HARDIRQS_H */
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26
src/10-hardirqs/maps.bpf.h
Normal file
26
src/10-hardirqs/maps.bpf.h
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)
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// Copyright (c) 2020 Anton Protopopov
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#ifndef __MAPS_BPF_H
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#define __MAPS_BPF_H
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#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
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#include <asm-generic/errno.h>
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static __always_inline void *
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bpf_map_lookup_or_try_init(void *map, const void *key, const void *init)
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{
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void *val;
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long err;
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val = bpf_map_lookup_elem(map, key);
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if (val)
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return val;
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err = bpf_map_update_elem(map, key, init, BPF_NOEXIST);
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if (err && err != -EEXIST)
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return 0;
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return bpf_map_lookup_elem(map, key);
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}
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#endif /* __MAPS_BPF_H */
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user