add bootstrap files

.gitignore

@@ -51,3 +51,16 @@ book
 Module.symvers
 Mkfile.old
 dkms.conf
+
+.output
+src/11-bootstrap/bootstrap
+/minimal
+/minimal_legacy
+/uprobe
+/kprobe
+/fentry
+src/12-profile/profile
+/usdt
+/sockfilter
+/tc
+/ksyscall

src/11-bootstrap/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)
+OUTPUT := .output
+CLANG ?= clang
+LIBBPF_SRC := $(abspath ../../libbpf/src)
+BPFTOOL_SRC := $(abspath ../../bpftool/src)
+LIBBPF_OBJ := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/libbpf.a)
+BPFTOOL_OUTPUT ?= $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/bpftool)
+BPFTOOL ?= $(BPFTOOL_OUTPUT)/bootstrap/bpftool
+LIBBLAZESYM_SRC := $(abspath ../../blazesym/)
+LIBBLAZESYM_OBJ := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/libblazesym.a)
+LIBBLAZESYM_HEADER := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/blazesym.h)
+ARCH ?= $(shell uname -m | sed 's/x86_64/x86/' \
+			 | sed 's/arm.*/arm/' \
+			 | sed 's/aarch64/arm64/' \
+			 | sed 's/ppc64le/powerpc/' \
+			 | sed 's/mips.*/mips/' \
+			 | sed 's/riscv64/riscv/' \
+			 | sed 's/loongarch64/loongarch/')
+VMLINUX := ../../vmlinux/$(ARCH)/vmlinux.h
+# Use our own libbpf API headers and Linux UAPI headers distributed with
+# libbpf to avoid dependency on system-wide headers, which could be missing or
+# outdated
+INCLUDES := -I$(OUTPUT) -I../../libbpf/include/uapi -I$(dir $(VMLINUX))
+CFLAGS := -g -Wall
+ALL_LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS) $(EXTRA_LDFLAGS)
+
+APPS = # minimal minimal_legacy bootstrap uprobe kprobe fentry usdt sockfilter tc ksyscall
+
+CARGO ?= $(shell which cargo)
+ifeq ($(strip $(CARGO)),)
+BZS_APPS :=
+else
+BZS_APPS := profile
+APPS += $(BZS_APPS)
+# Required by libblazesym
+ALL_LDFLAGS += -lrt -ldl -lpthread -lm
+endif
+
+# Get Clang's default includes on this system. We'll explicitly add these dirs
+# to the includes list when compiling with `-target bpf` because otherwise some
+# architecture-specific dirs will be "missing" on some architectures/distros -
+# headers such as asm/types.h, asm/byteorder.h, asm/socket.h, asm/sockios.h,
+# sys/cdefs.h etc. might be missing.
+#
+# Use '-idirafter': Don't interfere with include mechanics except where the
+# build would have failed anyways.
+CLANG_BPF_SYS_INCLUDES ?= $(shell $(CLANG) -v -E - </dev/null 2>&1 \
+	| sed -n '/<...> search starts here:/,/End of search list./{ s| \(/.*\)|-idirafter \1|p }')
+
+ifeq ($(V),1)
+	Q =
+	msg =
+else
+	Q = @
+	msg = @printf '  %-8s %s%s\n'					\
+		      "$(1)"						\
+		      "$(patsubst $(abspath $(OUTPUT))/%,%,$(2))"	\
+		      "$(if $(3), $(3))";
+	MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
+endif
+
+define allow-override
+  $(if $(or $(findstring environment,$(origin $(1))),\
+            $(findstring command line,$(origin $(1)))),,\
+    $(eval $(1) = $(2)))
+endef
+
+$(call allow-override,CC,$(CROSS_COMPILE)cc)
+$(call allow-override,LD,$(CROSS_COMPILE)ld)
+
+.PHONY: all
+all: $(APPS)
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean:
+	$(call msg,CLEAN)
+	$(Q)rm -rf $(OUTPUT) $(APPS)
+
+$(OUTPUT) $(OUTPUT)/libbpf $(BPFTOOL_OUTPUT):
+	$(call msg,MKDIR,$@)
+	$(Q)mkdir -p $@
+
+# Build libbpf
+$(LIBBPF_OBJ): $(wildcard $(LIBBPF_SRC)/*.[ch] $(LIBBPF_SRC)/Makefile) | $(OUTPUT)/libbpf
+	$(call msg,LIB,$@)
+	$(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(LIBBPF_SRC) BUILD_STATIC_ONLY=1		      \
+		    OBJDIR=$(dir $@)/libbpf DESTDIR=$(dir $@)		      \
+		    INCLUDEDIR= LIBDIR= UAPIDIR=			      \
+		    install
+
+# Build bpftool
+$(BPFTOOL): | $(BPFTOOL_OUTPUT)
+	$(call msg,BPFTOOL,$@)
+	$(Q)$(MAKE) ARCH= CROSS_COMPILE= OUTPUT=$(BPFTOOL_OUTPUT)/ -C $(BPFTOOL_SRC) bootstrap
+
+
+$(LIBBLAZESYM_SRC)/target/release/libblazesym.a::
+	$(Q)cd $(LIBBLAZESYM_SRC) && $(CARGO) build --features=cheader,dont-generate-test-files --release
+
+$(LIBBLAZESYM_OBJ): $(LIBBLAZESYM_SRC)/target/release/libblazesym.a | $(OUTPUT)
+	$(call msg,LIB, $@)
+	$(Q)cp $(LIBBLAZESYM_SRC)/target/release/libblazesym.a $@
+
+$(LIBBLAZESYM_HEADER): $(LIBBLAZESYM_SRC)/target/release/libblazesym.a | $(OUTPUT)
+	$(call msg,LIB,$@)
+	$(Q)cp $(LIBBLAZESYM_SRC)/target/release/blazesym.h $@
+
+# Build BPF code
+$(OUTPUT)/%.bpf.o: %.bpf.c $(LIBBPF_OBJ) $(wildcard %.h) $(VMLINUX) | $(OUTPUT) $(BPFTOOL)
+	$(call msg,BPF,$@)
+	$(Q)$(CLANG) -g -O2 -target bpf -D__TARGET_ARCH_$(ARCH)		      \
+		     $(INCLUDES) $(CLANG_BPF_SYS_INCLUDES)		      \
+		     -c $(filter %.c,$^) -o $(patsubst %.bpf.o,%.tmp.bpf.o,$@)
+	$(Q)$(BPFTOOL) gen object $@ $(patsubst %.bpf.o,%.tmp.bpf.o,$@)
+
+# Generate BPF skeletons
+$(OUTPUT)/%.skel.h: $(OUTPUT)/%.bpf.o | $(OUTPUT) $(BPFTOOL)
+	$(call msg,GEN-SKEL,$@)
+	$(Q)$(BPFTOOL) gen skeleton $< > $@
+
+# Build user-space code
+$(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%.o,$(APPS)): %.o: %.skel.h
+
+$(OUTPUT)/%.o: %.c $(wildcard %.h) | $(OUTPUT)
+	$(call msg,CC,$@)
+	$(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) -c $(filter %.c,$^) -o $@
+
+$(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%.o,$(BZS_APPS)): $(LIBBLAZESYM_HEADER)
+
+$(BZS_APPS): $(LIBBLAZESYM_OBJ)
+
+# Build application binary
+$(APPS): %: $(OUTPUT)/%.o $(LIBBPF_OBJ) | $(OUTPUT)
+	$(call msg,BINARY,$@)
+	$(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $^ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) -lelf -lz -o $@
+
+# delete failed targets
+.DELETE_ON_ERROR:
+
+# keep intermediate (.skel.h, .bpf.o, etc) targets
+.SECONDARY:

src/11-bootstrap/README.md

@@ -151,6 +151,22 @@ int handle_exit(struct trace_event_raw_sched_process_template* ctx)
 
 最后，主函数调用bpf_ringbuf_poll来轮询BPF ringbuf，并在接收到新的事件时处理该事件。这个函数会持续运行，直到全局标志exiting被设置为true，此时它会清理资源并退出。
 
+## Install Dependencies
+
+You will need `clang`, `libelf` and `zlib` to build the examples, package names may vary across distros.
+
+On Ubuntu/Debian, you need:
+```shell
+$ apt install clang libelf1 libelf-dev zlib1g-dev
+```
+
+On CentOS/Fedora, you need:
+
+```shell
+$ dnf install clang elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel zlib-devel
+```
+
+## 编译运行
 
 编译运行上述代码：
 
@@ -162,7 +178,6 @@ $ sudo ecli run package.json
 Runing eBPF program...
 ```
 
-
 ## 总结
 
 这是一个使用BPF的C程序，用于跟踪进程的启动和退出事件，并显示有关这些事件的信息。它通过使用argp API来解析命令行参数，并使用BPF地图存储进程的信息，包括进程的PID和执行文件的文件名。程序还使用了SEC函数来附加BPF程序，以监视进程的执行和退出事件。最后，程序在终端中打印出启动和退出的进程信息。

src/11-bootstrap/bootstrap.c

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)
+/* Copyright (c) 2020 Facebook */
+#include <argp.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <bpf/libbpf.h>
+#include "bootstrap.h"
+#include "bootstrap.skel.h"
+
+static struct env {
+	bool verbose;
+	long min_duration_ms;
+} env;
+
+const char *argp_program_version = "bootstrap 0.0";
+const char *argp_program_bug_address = "<bpf@vger.kernel.org>";
+const char argp_program_doc[] =
+"BPF bootstrap demo application.\n"
+"\n"
+"It traces process start and exits and shows associated \n"
+"information (filename, process duration, PID and PPID, etc).\n"
+"\n"
+"USAGE: ./bootstrap [-d <min-duration-ms>] [-v]\n";
+
+static const struct argp_option opts[] = {
+	{ "verbose", 'v', NULL, 0, "Verbose debug output" },
+	{ "duration", 'd', "DURATION-MS", 0, "Minimum process duration (ms) to report" },
+	{},
+};
+
+static error_t parse_arg(int key, char *arg, struct argp_state *state)
+{
+	switch (key) {
+	case 'v':
+		env.verbose = true;
+		break;
+	case 'd':
+		errno = 0;
+		env.min_duration_ms = strtol(arg, NULL, 10);
+		if (errno || env.min_duration_ms <= 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid duration: %s\n", arg);
+			argp_usage(state);
+		}
+		break;
+	case ARGP_KEY_ARG:
+		argp_usage(state);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return ARGP_ERR_UNKNOWN;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct argp argp = {
+	.options = opts,
+	.parser = parse_arg,
+	.doc = argp_program_doc,
+};
+
+static int libbpf_print_fn(enum libbpf_print_level level, const char *format, va_list args)
+{
+	if (level == LIBBPF_DEBUG && !env.verbose)
+		return 0;
+	return vfprintf(stderr, format, args);
+}
+
+static volatile bool exiting = false;
+
+static void sig_handler(int sig)
+{
+	exiting = true;
+}
+
+static int handle_event(void *ctx, void *data, size_t data_sz)
+{
+	const struct event *e = data;
+	struct tm *tm;
+	char ts[32];
+	time_t t;
+
+	time(&t);
+	tm = localtime(&t);
+	strftime(ts, sizeof(ts), "%H:%M:%S", tm);
+
+	if (e->exit_event) {
+		printf("%-8s %-5s %-16s %-7d %-7d [%u]",
+		       ts, "EXIT", e->comm, e->pid, e->ppid, e->exit_code);
+		if (e->duration_ns)
+			printf(" (%llums)", e->duration_ns / 1000000);
+		printf("\n");
+	} else {
+		printf("%-8s %-5s %-16s %-7d %-7d %s\n",
+		       ts, "EXEC", e->comm, e->pid, e->ppid, e->filename);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct ring_buffer *rb = NULL;
+	struct bootstrap_bpf *skel;
+	int err;
+
+	/* Parse command line arguments */
+	err = argp_parse(&argp, argc, argv, 0, NULL, NULL);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Set up libbpf errors and debug info callback */
+	libbpf_set_print(libbpf_print_fn);
+
+	/* Cleaner handling of Ctrl-C */
+	signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);
+	signal(SIGTERM, sig_handler);
+
+	/* Load and verify BPF application */
+	skel = bootstrap_bpf__open();
+	if (!skel) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open and load BPF skeleton\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Parameterize BPF code with minimum duration parameter */
+	skel->rodata->min_duration_ns = env.min_duration_ms * 1000000ULL;
+
+	/* Load & verify BPF programs */
+	err = bootstrap_bpf__load(skel);
+	if (err) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to load and verify BPF skeleton\n");
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Attach tracepoints */
+	err = bootstrap_bpf__attach(skel);
+	if (err) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to attach BPF skeleton\n");
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Set up ring buffer polling */
+	rb = ring_buffer__new(bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.rb), handle_event, NULL, NULL);
+	if (!rb) {
+		err = -1;
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create ring buffer\n");
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Process events */
+	printf("%-8s %-5s %-16s %-7s %-7s %s\n",
+	       "TIME", "EVENT", "COMM", "PID", "PPID", "FILENAME/EXIT CODE");
+	while (!exiting) {
+		err = ring_buffer__poll(rb, 100 /* timeout, ms */);
+		/* Ctrl-C will cause -EINTR */
+		if (err == -EINTR) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			printf("Error polling perf buffer: %d\n", err);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	/* Clean up */
+	ring_buffer__free(rb);
+	bootstrap_bpf__destroy(skel);
+
+	return err < 0 ? -err : 0;
+}

src/12-profile/Makefile

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ BPFTOOL_SRC := $(abspath ../../bpftool/src)
 LIBBPF_OBJ := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/libbpf.a)
 BPFTOOL_OUTPUT ?= $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/bpftool)
 BPFTOOL ?= $(BPFTOOL_OUTPUT)/bootstrap/bpftool
+LIBBLAZESYM_SRC := $(abspath ../../blazesym/)
+LIBBLAZESYM_OBJ := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/libblazesym.a)
+LIBBLAZESYM_HEADER := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/blazesym.h)
 ARCH ?= $(shell uname -m | sed 's/x86_64/x86/' \
 			 | sed 's/arm.*/arm/' \
 			 | sed 's/aarch64/arm64/' \

src/12-profile/README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# eBPF 入门实践教程：编写 eBPF 程序 profile 进行性能分析
+# eBPF 入门实践教程：使用 eBPF 程序 profile 进行性能分析
 
 ## 背景