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https://github.com/beyondx/Notes.git
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add uboot and vanet
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geekard
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Wiki-Format: zim 0.4
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Creation-Date: 2012-08-11T19:15:34+08:00
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====== jffs2 scan eraseblock() Magic bitmask 0x1985 not found at ======
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Created Saturday 11 August 2012
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如果在mount一个 jffs2文件系统到目录中出现：
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jffs2_scan_eraseblock(): Magic bitmask 0x1985 not found at 0x00000024: 0x2b10 instead ...
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Further such events for this erase block will not be printed
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类似的错误时，可能的原因是：
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1. 该设备文件(/dev/mtdblock1)对应的存储单元并没有存放一个有效的jffs2文件系统，这时可以用LTIB或mtd-utils软件包中的mkfs.jffs2工具制作
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该jffs2文件系统映像，然后用uboot命令行着那个的nand或cp.b等命令或系统启动后用mtd-utils软件包中的nanderase,nandwrite工具烧写。
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2. 如果设备对应的是一个有效的jffs2文件系统，那么很可能是在制作jffs2文件系统映像时 erase block size option not matches the one you have in your NAND. 对于LTIB而言，默认的擦出块大小是64KB，对于K9F5608的该值为16KB(参考其datasheet), 所以需要将下面该的值改为16.
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--- Choose your root filesystem image type │ │
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│ │ Target image: (jffs2) ---> │ │
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│ │ [ ] Run a command after building the target image │ │
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│ │ (**64**) jffs2 erase block size in KB │ │
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│ │ [ ] read-only root filesystem
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如果使用mkfs.jffs2命令行选项，则参数（针对K9F1G08U08 256MB NAND Flash）含义如下：
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http://hi.baidu.com/_%CB%BC%CF%EB%B5%C4%D0%A1%D3%E3_/blog/item/ccb2d2d69c8bf9ca50da4b59.html
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mkfs.jffs2 -n -s 2048 -e 128KiB --pad=0x800000 -d root_fs -o kevin.jffs2
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参数注释：
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-s 页大小，试验可以不特别要求，512亦可
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__-e 擦除块大小(Block Erase)__，需和手册相匹配，此处为128（由手册可知），1 Block = （2K + 64）B + 64 Pages = （__128K__ + 4K）bytes
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此处如果设置过大（如 256），将出现jffs2_scan_eraseblock():Magic bitmask......问题, 如果设置过小（如 64），将出现Empth flash at .......问题
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--pad 设置**生成文件大小**，其实此处也不算是设置，因为此选项是填充的意思，当生成文件比参数规定大小大时， 此选项不起作用。只有当生成文件小于规定大小才会进行填充。
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20
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/下载错误/minicom乱码.txt
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20
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/下载错误/minicom乱码.txt
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Creation-Date: 2012-08-10T14:08:29+08:00
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====== minicom乱码 ======
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Created Friday 10 August 2012
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错误的可能原因：
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1. 波特率不对，应该设置为115200
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2.串口的位数为8，无奇偶校验，停止位为1位，即：8N1
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3.**软件、硬件流控不设置**。
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设置结果应该如下：
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A - Serial Device : /dev/ttyUSB0 |
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B - Lockfile Location : /var/lock |
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C - Callin Program : |
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D - Callout Program : |
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E - Bps/Par/Bits : **115200 8N1** |
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F - Hardware Flow Control : **No** |
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G - Software Flow Control : **No**
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7
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/启动相关/VFS错误.txt
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7
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/启动相关/VFS错误.txt
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Creation-Date: 2012-08-11T21:15:04+08:00
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====== VFS错误 ======
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Created Saturday 11 August 2012
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如果内核可以正常地启动，但是当执行到挂载root时出错，这可能与bootargs的ramdisk_size的值与ltib输出的不一致有关。
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@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Created Wednesday 22 February 2012
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这可能与uboot的环境变量bootargs中console设置错误有关，正确的应该为：
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setenv bootargs root=/dev/ram rw console=ttyS0,115200 ramdisk_size=xxxx
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注意：ramdisk_size大小要和ltib输出的一致，但可以比后者大，否则kernel启动的最后
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在mount该文件时，会出错。
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注意：ramdisk_size大小要和ltib输出的一致，但可以比后者大(有时设置较大时会出错，所以最好设为ltib的输出值)，否则kernel启动的最后
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在mount该文件时，VFS子系统会出错。
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19
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/启动相关/内核提示找不到rc.S文件.txt
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19
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/启动相关/内核提示找不到rc.S文件.txt
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Creation-Date: 2012-08-11T15:57:47+08:00
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====== 内核提示找不到rc.S文件 ======
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Created Saturday 11 August 2012
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内核启动后输出如下内容：
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RAMDISK: gzip image found at block 0
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VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) on device 1:0.
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Freeing unused kernel memory: 152k freed
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can't run '/etc/rc.d/rcS': No such file or directory
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--------------------------------------------
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rcS是一个shell脚本文件，使用的解释器是/bin/sh，而该文件在ramdisk中并没由存在。
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这可能是busybox中的配置有误：
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Choose which shell is aliased to 'sh' name (ash) ---> │ │
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Choose which shell is aliased to 'bash' name (ash) --->
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选中上面两个选项即可。
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@@ -17,4 +17,22 @@ Created Friday 03 August 2012
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4.执行/usr/sbin/visudo命令，在打开的文件中添加
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geekard ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/rpm, /opt/freescale/ltib/usr/bin/rpm
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5.
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5. 修改jffs2的erase block size 为16(按照K9F5608 datasheet上的Erase Block参数指定)
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--- Choose your root filesystem image type │ │
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│ │ Target image: __(jffs2)__ ---> │ │
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│ │ [ ] Run a command after building the target image │ │
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│ │ __(16)__ jffs2 erase block size in KB │ │
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│ │ [ ] read-only root filesystem │ │
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│ │ (512k) tmpfs size │ │
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│ │ (/tmp /var) Place these dirs in writable RAM │ │
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│ │ () rootfs target directory
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6. ltib在编译某个软件包如busybox前，会先到rpm/RPMS/ppc/目录下查看busybox rpm软件包是否存在已经存在，如果存在的话将不会再
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编译它，而是在最后直接将其安装到rootfs目录下，所以如果想配置busybox则除了在package list中选中configure busybox before compile外
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还要删除rpm/RPMS/ppc目录下的busybox rpm包。如果该软件包的rpm包不存在，则ltib会到rpm/BUILD目录中查看该软件包的源代码目录是否存在
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如果存在则直接编译(编译完后并不删除该源代码目录)，如果不存子则会从/opt/freescale/pkg目录下解压该软件包到BUILD目录中，编译完后会自动删除
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BUILD中的源代码目录，所以如果用户希望ltib在编译时使用自己的源代码，可以使用一下方法：
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1. #./ltib -m prep -p busybox #将/opt/freescale/pkg目录中的busybox软件包解压到BUILD目录中，同时打补丁和配置源代码。
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2. # cp -rv MY-busybox/* rpm/BUILD/busybox #用户的代码替换就代码
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3. # ./ltib -m scbuild -p busybox
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4. #./ltib -m scdeploy -p busybox
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37
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/编译错误/mtd-utils.txt
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37
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/编译错误/mtd-utils.txt
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Creation-Date: 2012-08-11T20:46:27+08:00
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====== mtd-utils ======
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Created Saturday 11 August 2012
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**编译时出现下列错误：**
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gcc -I./include -DWITHOUT_XATTR -O2 -g -Wall -c -o ftl_format.o ftl_format.c -g -Wp,-MD,./.ftl_format.c.dep
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In file included from /home/geekard/PPC/sysroot/usr/include/endian.h:60:0,
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from /home/geekard/PPC/sysroot/usr/include/sys/types.h:216,
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from ftl_format.c:37:
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./include/bits/byteswap.h:21:3: error: __#error "Never use <bits/byteswap.h> directly; include <byteswap.h> instead."__
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make: *** [ftl_format.o] Error 1
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error: Bad exit status from /home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/tmp/rpm-tmp.69478 (%build)
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---------------------------
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解决的方法是打开byteswap.h文件，将下面几行注释掉：
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20 #if !defined _BYTESWAP_H && !defined _NETINET_IN_H
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21 # error "Never use <bits/byteswap.h> directly; include <byteswap.h> instead."
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22 #endif
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------------------------------------------------------------
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make -C ./ubi-utils
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make[1]: Entering directory `/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/mtd-utils/ubi-utils'
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gcc -I./inc -I./src -I../include -std=gnu99 -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"1.0\" -O2 -g -Werror -Wall -Wwrite-strings -W -c -o pfiflash.o ./src/pfiflash.c -g -Wp,-MD,.pfiflash.c.dep
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gcc -I./inc -I./src -I../include -std=gnu99 -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"1.0\" -O2 -g -Werror -Wall -Wwrite-strings -W -c -o libpfiflash.o ./src/libpfiflash.c -g -Wp,-MD,.libpfiflash.c.dep
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gcc -I./inc -I./src -I../include -std=gnu99 -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"1.0\" -O2 -g -Werror -Wall -Wwrite-strings -W -c -o list.o ./src/list.c -g -Wp,-MD,.list.c.dep
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gcc -I./inc -I./src -I../include -std=gnu99 -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"1.0\" -O2 -g -Werror -Wall -Wwrite-strings -W -c -o reader.o ./src/reader.c -g -Wp,-MD,.reader.c.dep
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gcc -I./inc -I./src -I../include -std=gnu99 -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"1.0\" -O2 -g -Werror -Wall -Wwrite-strings -W -c -o error.o ./src/error.c -g -Wp,-MD,.error.c.dep
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./src/error.c: In function 'info_msg':
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./src/error.c:77:6: error: **variable 'n' set but not used [-Werror=unused-but-set-variable]**
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cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
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------------------
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解决方法是：将ubi-utils/Makefile中的-Werror去掉：
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11 CC := $(CROSS)gcc
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12 CFLAGS ?= -O2 -g __-Werror__
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13 CFLAGS += -Wall -Wwrite-strings -W
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@@ -5,7 +5,16 @@ Creation-Date: 2012-08-02T15:31:27+08:00
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====== uboot ======
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Created Thursday 02 August 2012
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1. ltib在编译uboot时长时间地停在下面的命令行上：
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1.编译时提示
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make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/cpu/mpc83xx'
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make[1]: Entering directory `/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/cpu/mpc83xx'
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.depend:117: *** multiple target patterns. Stop.
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错误。
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---------------
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解决方法是将cpu/mpc83xx/.depend文件删除即可。
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2. ltib在编译uboot时长时间地停在下面的命令行上：
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powerpc-e300c3-linux-gnu-objcopy -O srec u-boot u-boot.srec
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powerpc-e300c3-linux-gnu-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff -O binary u-boot u-boot.bin
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而且生成的uboot.bin文件非常大：
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37
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/编译错误/uboot/uboot-nand.txt
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37
Zim/Research/Error_Notes/编译错误/uboot/uboot-nand.txt
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Creation-Date: 2012-08-10T16:52:25+08:00
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====== uboot-nand ======
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Created Friday 10 August 2012
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如果在编译nand型的uboot时提示如下错误：
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[geekard@kb310 u-boot-2009.03-rc2]$ make distclean
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[geekard@kb310 u-boot-2009.03-rc2]$ make MPC8315ERDB_NAND_config
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... NAND Configuring for MPC8315ERDB board...
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[geekard@kb310 u-boot-2009.03-rc2]$ make
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-o /home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/u-boot-spl
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mpc8315erdb.o: In function `putc':
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/mpc8315erdb.c:324: undefined reference to __`_savegpr_31'__
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/mpc8315erdb.c:332: undefined reference to __`_restgpr_31_x'__
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sdram.o: In function `initdram':
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/sdram.c:129: undefined reference to `_restgpr_29_x'
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nand_init.o: In function `puts':
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/nand_init.c:112: undefined reference to `_restgpr_30_x'
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time.o: In function `usec2ticks':
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/time.c:38: undefined reference to `_savegpr_31'
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/time.c:48: undefined reference to `_restgpr_31_x'
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time.o: In function `udelay':
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/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb/time.c:67: undefined reference to `_restgpr_28_x'
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make[1]: *** [/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/u-boot-spl] Error 1
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make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/geekard/PPC/ltib-mpc8315erdb-20100719/rpm/BUILD/u-boot-2009.03-rc2/nand_spl/board/freescale/mpc8315erdb'
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make: *** [nand_spl] Error 2
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[geekard@kb310 u-boot-2009.03-rc2]$
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------------------------------
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http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=43810#c4
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calls to _savegpr_32 and _restgpr_r31_x are only generated when compiling libgcc with -Os , but same compiled with -O2 does not emit the calls
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所以解决的方法是，编辑uboot顶层目录中的config.mk文件将
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119 DBGFLAGS= -g # -DDEBUG
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120 OPTFLAGS= -Os #-fomit-frame-pointer
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上面的-Os改为-O2即可。
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