diff --git a/Vagrantfile b/Vagrantfile
index 7ff8a3f8..8e977baa 100644
--- a/Vagrantfile
+++ b/Vagrantfile
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ $script = <<SCRIPT
     grep -q '^127\.0\.0\.1 fedmsg-relay$' /etc/hosts || echo "127.0.0.1 fedmsg-relay" >> /etc/hosts
     echo "export MODULE_BUILD_SERVICE_DEVELOPER_ENV=1" > /etc/profile.d/module_build_service_developer_env.sh
     source /etc/profile.d/module_build_service_developer_env.sh
+    # Unpin the libmodulemd RPMs and replace with `python2-libmodulemd` after FEDORA-2019-b1cdf17e35
     dnf install -y \
         fedmsg-hub \
         fedmsg-relay \
@@ -15,7 +16,6 @@ $script = <<SCRIPT
         koji \
         krb5-workstation \
         libffi-devel \
-        libmodulemd \
         mock-scm \
         openssl-devel \
         python \
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ $script = <<SCRIPT
         python-docutils \
         python-flask \
         python-gobject-base \
+        https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/libmodulemd/2.4.0/1.fc29/x86_64/python2-libmodulemd-2.4.0-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm \
+        https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/libmodulemd/2.4.0/1.fc29/x86_64/libmodulemd-2.4.0-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm \
+        https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/libmodulemd/2.4.0/1.fc29/x86_64/libmodulemd1-1.8.10-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm \
         python-m2ext \
         python-mock \
         python-qpid \
diff --git a/docker/Dockerfile-tests b/docker/Dockerfile-tests
index cca8179e..3c310c40 100644
--- a/docker/Dockerfile-tests
+++ b/docker/Dockerfile-tests
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ WORKDIR /build
 RUN yum -y update
 RUN yum -y install epel-release yum-utils
 RUN yum-config-manager --add-repo https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/repos-dist/epel7Server-infra/latest/x86_64/
+# Unpin the libmodulemd RPMs and replace with `python2-libmodulemd` after 2.4.0 is in
+# epel7Server-infra
 RUN yum -y install \
     --nogpgcheck \
     --setopt=deltarpm=0 \
@@ -17,7 +19,6 @@ RUN yum -y install \
     git \
     kobo \
     kobo-rpmlib \
-    libmodulemd \
     python-backports-ssl_match_hostname \
     python-dnf \
     python-dogpile-cache \
@@ -29,6 +30,9 @@ RUN yum -y install \
     python-futures \
     python-koji \
     python-ldap3 \
+    https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/work/tasks/3269/34833269/libmodulemd-2.4.0-1.el7.infra.x86_64.rpm \
+    https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/work/tasks/3269/34833269/python2-libmodulemd-2.4.0-1.el7.infra.x86_64.rpm \
+    https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/work/tasks/5596/34835596/libmodulemd1-1.8.10-1.el7.infra.x86_64.rpm \
     python-mock \
     python-munch \
     python-pip \
diff --git a/docker/Dockerfile-tests-py3 b/docker/Dockerfile-tests-py3
index 3cd4d496..792eaf0e 100644
--- a/docker/Dockerfile-tests-py3
+++ b/docker/Dockerfile-tests-py3
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 FROM fedora:29
 
 WORKDIR /build
+# Unpin the libmodulemd RPMs and replace with `python3-libmodulemd` after FEDORA-2019-b1cdf17e35
 RUN dnf -y install \
     --nogpgcheck \
     --setopt=deltarpm=0 \
@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ RUN dnf -y install \
     python3-fedmsg \
     python3-kobo-rpmlib \
     python3-rpm \
-    libmodulemd \
     python3-gobject \
     python3-dnf \
     python3-dogpile-cache \
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ RUN dnf -y install \
     python3-flask-sqlalchemy \
     python3-koji \
     python3-ldap3 \
+    https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/libmodulemd/2.4.0/1.fc29/x86_64/python3-libmodulemd-2.4.0-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm \
+    https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/libmodulemd/2.4.0/1.fc29/x86_64/libmodulemd-2.4.0-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm \
+    https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/libmodulemd/2.4.0/1.fc29/x86_64/libmodulemd1-1.8.10-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm \
     python3-munch \
     python3-pip \
     python3-prometheus_client \
diff --git a/module_build_service/__init__.py b/module_build_service/__init__.py
index e1123188..5048fba8 100644
--- a/module_build_service/__init__.py
+++ b/module_build_service/__init__.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
 from sqlalchemy.pool import StaticPool
 from logging import getLogger
 import gi  # noqa
-gi.require_version("Modulemd", "1.0")  # noqa
+gi.require_version("Modulemd", "2.0")  # noqa
 from gi.repository import Modulemd  # noqa
 
 from module_build_service.logger import init_logging, ModuleBuildLogs, level_flags, MBSLogger
diff --git a/module_build_service/builder/KojiContentGenerator.py b/module_build_service/builder/KojiContentGenerator.py
index 9d9c035c..998d4716 100644
--- a/module_build_service/builder/KojiContentGenerator.py
+++ b/module_build_service/builder/KojiContentGenerator.py
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ from six import text_type
 import koji
 import pungi.arch
 
-from module_build_service import conf, log, build_logs, Modulemd, glib
+from module_build_service import conf, log, build_logs, Modulemd
 from module_build_service.scm import SCM
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type, load_mmd
+from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type, load_mmd, mmd_to_str
 
 logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
 
@@ -211,15 +211,7 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
     def __get_tools(self):
         """Return list of tools which are important for reproducing mbs outputs"""
 
-        # TODO: In libmodulemd v1.5, there'll be a property we can check instead
-        # of using RPM
-        try:
-            cmd = ["rpm", "--queryformat", "%{VERSION}", "-q", "libmodulemd"]
-            libmodulemd_version = subprocess.check_output(cmd, universal_newlines=True).strip()
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-            libmodulemd_version = "unknown"
-
-        return [{"name": "libmodulemd", "version": libmodulemd_version}]
+        return [{"name": "libmodulemd", "version": Modulemd.get_version()}]
 
     def _koji_rpms_in_tag(self, tag):
         """ Return the list of koji rpms in a tag. """
@@ -417,7 +409,7 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
             # to generate list of components for this architecture.
             # We cannot simply use the data from MMD here without `rpms_dict`, because
             # RPM sigmd5 signature is not stored in MMD.
-            for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get():
+            for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_artifacts():
                 if rpm not in self.rpms_dict:
                     raise RuntimeError(
                         "RPM %s found in the final modulemd but not in Koji tag." % rpm)
@@ -471,11 +463,11 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         should be included in a final MMD file for given arch.
         """
         # Check the "whitelist" buildopts section of MMD.
-        # When "whitelist" is defined, it overrides component names in
-        # `mmd.get_rpm_components()`. The whitelist is used when module needs to build
+        # When "whitelist" is defined, it overrides component names from
+        # `mmd.get_rpm_component(component)`. The whitelist is used when module needs to build
         # package with different SRPM name than the package name. This is case for example
         # for software collections where SRPM name can be "httpd24-httpd", but package name
-        # is still "httpd". In this case, get_rpm_components() would contain "httpd", but the
+        # is still "httpd". In this case, the component would contain "httpd", but the
         # rpm["srpm_name"] would be "httpd24-httpd".
         srpm = rpm["srpm_name"]
         whitelist = None
@@ -490,21 +482,20 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         # If there is no whitelist, just check that the SRPM name we have here
         # exists in the list of components.
         # In theory, there should never be situation where modular tag contains
-        # some RPM built from SRPM not included in get_rpm_components() or in whitelist,
+        # some RPM built from SRPM not included in get_rpm_component_names() or in whitelist,
         # but the original Pungi code checked for this case.
-        if not whitelist and srpm not in mmd.get_rpm_components().keys():
+        if not whitelist and srpm not in mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
             return False
 
         # Do not include this RPM if it is filtered.
-        if rpm["name"] in mmd.get_rpm_filter().get():
+        if rpm["name"] in mmd.get_rpm_filters():
             return False
 
         # Skip the rpm if it's built for multilib arch, but
         # multilib is not enabled for this srpm in MMD.
         try:
-            mmd_component = mmd.get_rpm_components()[srpm]
-            multilib = mmd_component.get_multilib()
-            multilib = multilib.get() if multilib else set()
+            mmd_component = mmd.get_rpm_component(srpm)
+            multilib = set(mmd_component.get_multilib_arches())
             # The `multilib` set defines the list of architectures for which
             # the multilib is enabled.
             #
@@ -513,7 +504,7 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
             # architectures.
             if arch not in multilib and rpm["arch"] in multilib_arches:
                 return False
-        except KeyError:
+        except AttributeError:
             # TODO: This exception is raised only when "whitelist" is used.
             # Since components in whitelist have different names than ones in
             # components list, we won't find them there.
@@ -532,7 +523,7 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         Fills in the list of built RPMs in architecture specific `mmd` for `arch`
         using the data from `self.rpms_dict` as well as the content licenses field.
 
-        :param Modulemd.Module mmd: MMD to add built RPMs to.
+        :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: MMD to add built RPMs to.
         :param str arch: Architecture for which to add RPMs.
         :rtype: Modulemd.Module
         :return: MMD with built RPMs filled in.
@@ -552,11 +543,11 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         # from ExcludeArch tag. Multilib should not be enabled here.
         exclusive_arches = pungi.arch.get_valid_arches(arch, multilib=False, add_noarch=False)
 
-        # Modulemd.SimpleSet into which we will add the RPMs.
-        rpm_artifacts = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
+        # A set into which we will add the RPMs.
+        rpm_artifacts = set()
 
-        # Modulemd.SimpleSet into which we will add licenses of all RPMs.
-        rpm_licenses = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
+        # A set into which we will add licenses of all RPMs.
+        rpm_licenses = set()
 
         # RPM name suffixes for debug RPMs.
         debug_suffixes = ("-debuginfo", "-debugsource")
@@ -669,8 +660,17 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
             for source_nevra in non_devel_source_rpms.values():
                 rpm_artifacts.add(source_nevra)
 
-        mmd.set_content_licenses(rpm_licenses)
-        mmd.set_rpm_artifacts(rpm_artifacts)
+        # There is no way to replace the licenses, so remove any extra licenses
+        for license_to_remove in (set(mmd.get_content_licenses()) - rpm_licenses):
+            mmd.remove_content_license(license_to_remove)
+        for license_to_add in (rpm_licenses - set(mmd.get_content_licenses())):
+            mmd.add_content_license(license_to_add)
+
+        # There is no way to replace the RPM artifacts, so remove any extra RPM artifacts
+        for artifact_to_remove in (set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) - rpm_artifacts):
+            mmd.remove_rpm_artifact(artifact_to_remove)
+        for artifact_to_add in (rpm_artifacts - set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts())):
+            mmd.add_rpm_artifact(artifact_to_add)
         return mmd
 
     def _sanitize_mmd(self, mmd):
@@ -685,17 +685,18 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         :return: Sanitized Modulemd instance.
         """
         # Remove components.repository and components.cache.
-        for pkg in mmd.get_rpm_components().values():
+        for pkg_name in mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
+            pkg = mmd.get_rpm_component(pkg_name)
             if pkg.get_repository():
                 pkg.set_repository(None)
             if pkg.get_cache():
                 pkg.set_cache(None)
 
         # Remove 'mbs' XMD section.
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         if "mbs" in xmd:
             del xmd["mbs"]
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         return mmd
 
@@ -710,15 +711,16 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         """
         mmd = self._sanitize_mmd(self.module.mmd())
         if self.devel:
+            # Set the new name
+            mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name() + "-devel")
+
             # Depend on the actual module
             for dep in mmd.get_dependencies():
-                dep.add_requires_single(mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream())
-
-            # Set the new name
-            mmd.set_name(mmd.get_name() + "-devel")
+                dep.add_runtime_stream(mmd.get_module_name(), mmd.get_stream_name())
 
             # Delete API and profiles
-            mmd.set_rpm_api(Modulemd.SimpleSet())
+            for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_api():
+                mmd.remove_rpm_api(rpm)
             mmd.clear_profiles()
 
         # Set the "Arch" field in mmd.
@@ -726,7 +728,7 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         # Fill in the list of built RPMs.
         mmd = self._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, arch)
 
-        return to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        return mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
     def _download_source_modulemd(self, mmd, output_path):
         """
@@ -739,7 +741,7 @@ class KojiContentGenerator(object):
         :param str output_path: Full path to file into which the original modulemd
             file will be stored.
         """
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         commit = xmd.get("mbs", {}).get("commit")
         scmurl = xmd.get("mbs", {}).get("scmurl")
         if not commit or not scmurl:
diff --git a/module_build_service/builder/KojiModuleBuilder.py b/module_build_service/builder/KojiModuleBuilder.py
index 69015d9b..dd8d71d2 100644
--- a/module_build_service/builder/KojiModuleBuilder.py
+++ b/module_build_service/builder/KojiModuleBuilder.py
@@ -404,9 +404,9 @@ class KojiModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
         )
 
         modulemd_macros = ""
-        rpm_buildopts = mmd.get_rpm_buildopts()
-        if rpm_buildopts:
-            modulemd_macros = rpm_buildopts.get("macros")
+        buildopts = mmd.get_buildopts()
+        if buildopts:
+            modulemd_macros = buildopts.get_rpm_macros() or ""
 
         macros_content = textwrap.dedent("""
             # General macros set by MBS
@@ -531,15 +531,19 @@ class KojiModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
         self.module_build_tag = self._koji_create_tag(
             self.tag_name + "-build", self.arches, perm="admin")
 
-        self._koji_whitelist_packages(
-            self.mmd.props.buildopts.props.rpm_whitelist or self.components)
+        buildopts = self.mmd.get_buildopts()
+        if buildopts:
+            rpm_whitelist = buildopts.get_rpm_whitelist()
+        else:
+            rpm_whitelist = self.components
+        self._koji_whitelist_packages(rpm_whitelist)
 
         # If we have just created the build tag in this buildroot_connect call, block all
         # the components in `blocked_packages` list. We want to do that just once, because
         # there might be some unblocked packages later and we would block them again...
         if not build_tag_exists:
             xmd = self.mmd.get_xmd()
-            if "mbs_options" in xmd.keys() and "blocked_packages" in xmd["mbs_options"].keys():
+            if "blocked_packages" in xmd.get("mbs_options", {}):
                 self._koji_block_packages(xmd["mbs_options"]["blocked_packages"])
 
         @module_build_service.utils.retry(wait_on=SysCallError, interval=5)
@@ -591,7 +595,7 @@ class KojiModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
         build_tag = self._get_tag(self.module_build_tag)["id"]
 
         xmd = self.mmd.get_xmd()
-        if "mbs_options" in xmd.keys() and "blocked_packages" in xmd["mbs_options"].keys():
+        if "blocked_packages" in xmd.get("mbs_options", {}):
             packages = [kobo.rpmlib.parse_nvr(nvr)["name"] for nvr in artifacts]
             packages = [
                 package for package in packages
@@ -842,8 +846,7 @@ class KojiModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
 
             # disabled by default, wouldn't work until Koji issue #1158 is done
             if conf.allow_arch_override:
-                build_opts["arch_override"] = (
-                    self.mmd.get_rpm_components()[artifact_name].get_arches().get())
+                build_opts["arch_override"] = self.mmd.get_rpm_component(artifact_name).get_arches()
 
             task_id = self.koji_session.build(
                 source, module_target, build_opts, priority=self.build_priority)
@@ -1006,7 +1009,7 @@ class KojiModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
         opts["extra"] = copy.deepcopy(conf.koji_tag_extra_opts)
 
         xmd = self.mmd.get_xmd()
-        if "mbs_options" in xmd.keys() and "repo_include_all" in xmd["mbs_options"].keys():
+        if "repo_include_all" in xmd.get("mbs_options", {}):
             opts["extra"]["repo_include_all"] = xmd["mbs_options"]["repo_include_all"]
 
         # edit tag with opts
@@ -1256,7 +1259,12 @@ class KojiModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
         """
         with models.make_session(conf) as db_session:
             build = models.ModuleBuild.get_build_from_nsvc(
-                db_session, mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), mmd.get_version(), mmd.get_context())
+                db_session,
+                mmd.get_module_name(),
+                mmd.get_stream_name(),
+                mmd.get_version(),
+                mmd.get_context()
+            )
             koji_session = KojiModuleBuilder.get_session(conf, login=False)
             rpms = koji_session.listTaggedRPMS(build.koji_tag, latest=True)[0]
             nvrs = set(kobo.rpmlib.make_nvr(rpm, force_epoch=True) for rpm in rpms)
diff --git a/module_build_service/builder/MockModuleBuilder.py b/module_build_service/builder/MockModuleBuilder.py
index 91d56171..681e14b2 100644
--- a/module_build_service/builder/MockModuleBuilder.py
+++ b/module_build_service/builder/MockModuleBuilder.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import re
 import subprocess
 import threading
 
-from module_build_service import conf, log, Modulemd
+from module_build_service import conf, log
 import module_build_service.scm
 import module_build_service.utils
 import module_build_service.scheduler
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ class MockModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
 
         # Generate the mmd the same way as pungi does.
         m1_mmd = self.module.mmd()
-        artifacts = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
+        artifacts = set()
 
         rpm_files = [f for f in os.listdir(self.resultsdir) if f.endswith(".rpm")]
 
@@ -195,14 +195,18 @@ class MockModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
 
                 if self.module.last_batch_id() == self.module.batch:
                     # If RPM is filtered-out, do not add it to artifacts list.
-                    if name in m1_mmd.get_rpm_filter().get():
+                    if name in m1_mmd.get_rpm_filters():
                         continue
 
                 pkglist_f.write(rpm_file + "\n")
                 artifacts.add("{}-{}:{}-{}.{}".format(name, epoch, version, release, arch))
 
         pkglist_f.close()
-        m1_mmd.set_rpm_artifacts(artifacts)
+        # There is no way to replace the RPM artifacts, so remove any extra RPM artifacts
+        for artifact_to_remove in (set(m1_mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) - artifacts):
+            m1_mmd.remove_rpm_artifact(artifact_to_remove)
+        for artifact_to_add in (artifacts - set(m1_mmd.get_rpm_artifacts())):
+            m1_mmd.add_rpm_artifact(artifact_to_add)
 
         # Generate repo.
         execute_cmd(["/usr/bin/createrepo_c", "--pkglist", pkglist, path])
@@ -340,20 +344,23 @@ class MockModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
             # repo file.
             elif source.startswith("repofile://"):
                 # For the base module, we want to include all the `conf.base_module_repofiles`.
-                if len(mmds) == 1 and mmds[0].get_name() in conf.base_module_names:
+                if len(mmds) == 1 and mmds[0].get_module_name() in conf.base_module_names:
                     for repofile in conf.base_module_repofiles:
                         self._add_repo_from_path(repofile)
                     # Also set the platform_id.
                     mmd = mmds[0]
                     self.yum_conf = self.yum_conf.replace(
-                        "$module_platform_id", "%s:%s" % (mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream()))
+                        "$module_platform_id",
+                        "%s:%s" % (mmd.get_module_name(), mmd.get_stream_name())
+                    )
                 else:
                     # Add repositories defined in repofile to mock config.
                     repofile = source[len("repofile://"):]
                     self._add_repo_from_path(repofile)
                     # Enabled all the modular dependencies by default in Mock.
                     for mmd in mmds:
-                        self.enabled_modules.append("%s:%s" % (mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream()))
+                        self.enabled_modules.append(
+                            "%s:%s" % (mmd.get_module_name(), mmd.get_stream_name()))
                 continue
             else:
                 repo_name = tag = source
@@ -558,10 +565,15 @@ class MockModuleBuilder(GenericBuilder):
         """
         with models.make_session(conf) as db_session:
             build = models.ModuleBuild.get_build_from_nsvc(
-                db_session, mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), mmd.get_version(), mmd.get_context())
+                db_session,
+                mmd.get_module_name(),
+                mmd.get_stream_name(),
+                mmd.get_version(),
+                mmd.get_context()
+            )
             if build.koji_tag.startswith("repofile://"):
                 # Modules from local repository have already the RPMs filled in mmd.
-                return list(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get())
+                return mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()
             else:
                 koji_session = KojiModuleBuilder.get_session(conf, login=False)
                 rpms = koji_session.listTaggedRPMS(build.koji_tag, latest=True)[0]
diff --git a/module_build_service/glib.py b/module_build_service/glib.py
deleted file mode 100644
index b6371af6..00000000
--- a/module_build_service/glib.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2016  Red Hat, Inc.
-#
-# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-#
-# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-#
-# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-# SOFTWARE.
-#
-"""
-GLib Related helper functions
-Originally written by Nils Philippsen in https://pagure.io/modulemd/pull-request/63
-"""
-from six import text_type
-from gi.repository import GLib
-
-
-def from_variant_dict(d):
-    """ Converts a variant dictionary to a Python dictionary
-    """
-    rv = {}
-    for key, value in d.items():
-        rv[key] = value.unpack()
-    return rv
-
-
-def variant_str(s):
-    """ Converts a string to a GLib.Variant
-    """
-    if not isinstance(s, str):
-        raise TypeError("Only strings are supported for scalars")
-
-    return GLib.Variant("s", s)
-
-
-def variant_list(l):
-    """ Converts a list to a GLib.Variant
-    """
-    l_variant = list()
-    for item in l:
-        if item is None:
-            item = ""
-        if type(item) == str:
-            l_variant.append(variant_str(item))
-        elif type(item) == text_type:
-            l_variant.append(variant_str(item.encode("utf-8")))
-        elif type(item) == list:
-            l_variant.append(variant_list(item))
-        elif type(item) == dict:
-            l_variant.append(variant_dict(item))
-        elif type(item) == bool:
-            l_variant.append(variant_bool(item))
-        else:
-            raise TypeError("Cannot convert unknown type")
-    return GLib.Variant("av", l_variant)
-
-
-def variant_bool(b):
-    """ Converts a boolean to a GLib.Varant
-    """
-    if not isinstance(b, bool):
-        raise TypeError("Only booleans are supported")
-
-    return GLib.Variant("b", b)
-
-
-def dict_values(d):
-    """ Converts each dictionary value to a GLib.Variant
-    """
-    if not isinstance(d, dict):
-        raise TypeError("Only dictionaries are supported for mappings")
-
-    d_variant = dict()
-    for k, v in d.items():
-        if v is None:
-            v = ""
-        if type(v) == str:
-            d_variant[k] = variant_str(v)
-        elif type(v) == text_type:
-            d_variant[k] = variant_str(v.encode("utf-8"))
-        elif type(v) == list:
-            d_variant[k] = variant_list(v)
-        elif type(v) == dict:
-            d_variant[k] = variant_dict(v)
-        elif type(v) == bool:
-            d_variant[k] = variant_bool(v)
-        else:
-            raise TypeError("Cannot convert unknown type")
-    return d_variant
-
-
-def variant_dict(d):
-    """ Converts a dictionary to a dictionary of GLib.Variant
-    """
-    if not isinstance(d, dict):
-        raise TypeError("Only dictionaries are supported for mappings")
-
-    d_variant = dict_values(d)
-    return GLib.Variant("a{sv}", d_variant)
diff --git a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/526fb7d445f7_module_buildrequires.py b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/526fb7d445f7_module_buildrequires.py
index 6b23cadf..3045777d 100644
--- a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/526fb7d445f7_module_buildrequires.py
+++ b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/526fb7d445f7_module_buildrequires.py
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ def upgrade():
 
         brs = None
         try:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_string(build.modulemd)
-            mmd.upgrade()
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_string(build.modulemd, True)
+            mmd = mmd.upgrade(Modulemd.ModuleStreamVersionEnum.TWO)
             brs = mmd.get_xmd()['mbs']['buildrequires']
         except Exception:
             # If the modulemd isn't parseable then skip this build
diff --git a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/6d503efcd2b8_virtual_streams_table.py b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/6d503efcd2b8_virtual_streams_table.py
index ec921369..f5763b6f 100644
--- a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/6d503efcd2b8_virtual_streams_table.py
+++ b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/6d503efcd2b8_virtual_streams_table.py
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ def upgrade():
             continue
 
         try:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_string(build.modulemd)
-            mmd.upgrade()
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_string(build.modulemd, True)
+            mmd = mmd.upgrade(Modulemd.ModuleStreamVersionEnum.TWO)
         except Exception:
             # If the modulemd isn't parseable, then skip this build
             continue
diff --git a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/708ac8950f55_set_from_mmd_context.py b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/708ac8950f55_set_from_mmd_context.py
index 6ba2432b..f7923420 100644
--- a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/708ac8950f55_set_from_mmd_context.py
+++ b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/708ac8950f55_set_from_mmd_context.py
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ def upgrade():
         if not build.modulemd:
             continue
         try:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_string(build.modulemd)
-            mmd.upgrade()
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_string(build.modulemd, True)
+            mmd = mmd.upgrade(Modulemd.ModuleStreamVersionEnum.TWO)
         except Exception:
             # If the modulemd isn't parseable then skip this build
             continue
diff --git a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/9ca1c166f426_contexts.py b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/9ca1c166f426_contexts.py
index 9092a9b7..81d81208 100644
--- a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/9ca1c166f426_contexts.py
+++ b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/9ca1c166f426_contexts.py
@@ -41,27 +41,26 @@ def upgrade():
         if not build.modulemd:
             continue
         try:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_string(build.modulemd)
-            mmd.upgrade()
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_string(build.modulemd, True)
+            mmd = mmd.upgrade(Modulemd.ModuleStreamVersionEnum.TWO)
         except Exception:
             # If the modulemd isn't parseable then skip this build
             continue
 
         mbs_xmd = mmd.get_xmd().get('mbs', {})
         contexts = {}
-        for property_name in ['buildrequires', 'requires']:
+        for mmd_name, xmd_name in (('buildtime', 'buildrequires'), ('runtime', 'requires')):
             # It's possible this module build was built before MBS filled out xmd or before MBS
-            # filled out the requires in xmd. We also have to use keys because GLib.Variant
-            # doesn't support `in` directly.
-            if property_name not in mbs_xmd.keys():
+            # filled out the requires in xmd
+            if xmd_name not in mbs_xmd:
                 break
-            mmd_property = getattr(mmd.get_dependencies()[0], 'get_{0}'.format(property_name))()
-            if set(mbs_xmd[property_name].keys()) != set(mmd_property.keys()):
+            mmd_property = getattr(mmd.get_dependencies()[0], 'get_{0}_modules'.format(mmd_name))()
+            if set(mbs_xmd[xmd_name].keys()) != set(mmd_property):
                 break
             mmd_formatted_property = {
-                dep: info['ref'] for dep, info in mbs_xmd[property_name].items()}
+                dep: info['ref'] for dep, info in mbs_xmd[xmd_name].items()}
             property_json = json.dumps(OrderedDict(sorted(mmd_formatted_property.items())))
-            contexts[property_name] = hashlib.sha1(property_json).hexdigest()
+            contexts[xmd_name] = hashlib.sha1(property_json).hexdigest()
 
         # Update the database now
         if len(contexts) == 2:
diff --git a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/caeae7a4f537_ref_build_context.py b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/caeae7a4f537_ref_build_context.py
index 743c6f82..2f047fb7 100644
--- a/module_build_service/migrations/versions/caeae7a4f537_ref_build_context.py
+++ b/module_build_service/migrations/versions/caeae7a4f537_ref_build_context.py
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ def upgrade():
         if not build.modulemd:
             continue
         try:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_string(build.modulemd)
-            mmd.upgrade()
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_string(build.modulemd, True)
+            mmd = mmd.upgrade(Modulemd.ModuleStreamVersionEnum.TWO)
         except Exception:
             # If the modulemd isn't parseable then skip this build
             continue
@@ -51,13 +51,12 @@ def upgrade():
         mbs_xmd = mmd.get_xmd().get('mbs', {})
         # Skip the non-MSE builds, so the "context" will be set default one
         # in models.ModuleBuild.
-        if "mse" not in mbs_xmd.keys() or not mbs_xmd["mse"]:
+        if not mbs_xmd.get("mse"):
             continue
 
         # It's possible this module build was built before MBS filled out xmd or before MBS
-        # filled out the requires in xmd. We also have to use keys because GLib.Variant
-        # doesn't support `in` directly.
-        if 'buildrequires' not in mbs_xmd.keys():
+        # filled out the requires in xmd
+        if 'buildrequires' not in mbs_xmd:
             continue
         # Get the streams of buildrequires and hash it.
         mmd_formatted_buildrequires = {
diff --git a/module_build_service/mmd_resolver.py b/module_build_service/mmd_resolver.py
index 867a5dfe..12c6b9bc 100644
--- a/module_build_service/mmd_resolver.py
+++ b/module_build_service/mmd_resolver.py
@@ -84,10 +84,7 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
         See the inline comments for more information.
 
         :param list deps: List of dicts with dependency name as key and list of
-            streams as value. Generally, it is just the return value from
-            ``Modulemd.Dependencies.get_requires`` or
-            ``Modulemd.Dependencies.get_buildrequires`` whose value is
-            converted from ``Modulemd.SimpleSet`` to list.
+            streams as value.
         :param dict base_module_stream_overrides: The key is base module name, value
             is the stream string which will be used to compute `version` part of the
             base module solv.Dep expression.
@@ -229,7 +226,7 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
         - module(platform:el8.1.0) = 80100 - Modules can require specific platform stream.
         - module(platform:el8) = 80100 - Module can also require just platform:el8.
         """
-        if mmd.get_name() not in conf.base_module_names:
+        if mmd.get_module_name() not in conf.base_module_names:
             return
 
         # When depsolving, we will need to follow specific rules to choose the right base
@@ -238,21 +235,24 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
         # and so on. We therefore need to convert the stream and version of base module to
         # integer representation and add "module($name:$stream) = $stream_based_version"
         # to Provides.
-        version = ModuleBuild.get_stream_version(mmd.get_stream(), right_pad=False)
+        version = ModuleBuild.get_stream_version(mmd.get_stream_name(), right_pad=False)
         if version:
-            dep = self.pool.Dep("module(%s:%s)" % (mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream())).Rel(
-                solv.REL_EQ, self.pool.Dep(str(version)))
+            dep = self.pool.Dep(
+                "module(%s:%s)" % (mmd.get_module_name(), mmd.get_stream_name())
+            ).Rel(
+                solv.REL_EQ, self.pool.Dep(str(version))
+            )
             solvable.add_deparray(solv.SOLVABLE_PROVIDES, dep)
 
         xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         # Return in case virtual_streams are not set for this mmd.
-        if "mbs" not in xmd.keys() or "virtual_streams" not in xmd["mbs"].keys():
+        if not xmd.get("mbs", {}).get("virtual_streams"):
             return
 
         # For each virtual stream, add
         # "module($name:$stream) = $virtual_stream_based_version" provide.
         for stream in xmd["mbs"]["virtual_streams"]:
-            dep = self.pool.Dep("module(%s:%s)" % (mmd.get_name(), stream)).Rel(
+            dep = self.pool.Dep("module(%s:%s)" % (mmd.get_module_name(), stream)).Rel(
                 solv.REL_EQ, self.pool.Dep(str(version)))
             solvable.add_deparray(solv.SOLVABLE_PROVIDES, dep)
 
@@ -269,11 +269,11 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
         """
         overrides = {}
         xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
-        if "mbs" in xmd.keys() and "buildrequires" in xmd["mbs"].keys():
+        if "buildrequires" in xmd.get("mbs", {}):
             for base_module_name in conf.base_module_names:
-                if base_module_name not in xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"].keys():
+                if base_module_name not in xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]:
                     continue
-                if "stream" not in xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"][base_module_name].keys():
+                if "stream" not in xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"][base_module_name]:
                     continue
                 stream = xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"][base_module_name]["stream"]
 
@@ -291,14 +291,18 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
         :rtype: list
         :return: list of solv.Solvable instances representing the module in libsolv world.
         """
-        n, s, v, c = mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), mmd.get_version(), mmd.get_context()
+        n, s, v, c = \
+            mmd.get_module_name(), mmd.get_stream_name(), mmd.get_version(), mmd.get_context()
         pool = self.pool
 
         # Helper method to return the dependencies of `mmd` in the {name: [streams], ... form}.
-        # The `fn` is either "get_requires" or "get_buildrequires" str depending on whether
+        # The `dep_type` is either "runtime" or "buildtime" str depending on whether
         # the return deps should be runtime requires or buildrequires.
-        normdeps = lambda mmd, fn: [
-            {name: streams.get() for name, streams in getattr(dep, fn)().items()}
+        normdeps = lambda mmd, dep_type: [
+            {
+                name: getattr(dep, "get_{}_streams".format(dep_type))(name)
+                for name in getattr(dep, "get_{}_modules".format(dep_type))()
+            }
             for dep in mmd.get_dependencies()
         ]
 
@@ -339,7 +343,7 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
             # Fill in the "Requires" of this module, so we can track its dependencies
             # on other modules.
             requires = self._deps2reqs(
-                normdeps(mmd, "get_requires"), base_module_stream_overrides, False
+                normdeps(mmd, "runtime"), base_module_stream_overrides, False
             )
             log.debug("Adding module %s with requires: %r", solvable.name, requires)
             solvable.add_deparray(solv.SOLVABLE_REQUIRES, requires)
@@ -391,7 +395,7 @@ class MMDResolver(object):
             # Using this trick, libsolv will try to solve all the buildrequires/requires pairs,
             # because they are expressed as separate Solvables and we are able to distinguish
             # between them thanks to context value.
-            normalized_deps = normdeps(mmd, "get_buildrequires")
+            normalized_deps = normdeps(mmd, "buildtime")
             for c, deps in enumerate(mmd.get_dependencies()):
                 # $n:$s:$c-$v.src
                 solvable = self.build_repo.add_solvable()
diff --git a/module_build_service/models.py b/module_build_service/models.py
index c23c8cff..eff17cb9 100644
--- a/module_build_service/models.py
+++ b/module_build_service/models.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import lazyload
 from sqlalchemy.orm import validates, scoped_session, sessionmaker, load_only
 
 import module_build_service.messaging
-from module_build_service.glib import from_variant_dict
 from module_build_service import db, log, get_url_for, app, conf
 from module_build_service.errors import UnprocessableEntity
 
@@ -544,7 +543,7 @@ class ModuleBuild(MBSBase):
         :return: Tuple with build_context, strem_build_context, runtime_context and
                  context hashes.
         """
-        from module_build_service.utils import load_mmd
+        from module_build_service.utils.general import load_mmd
 
         try:
             mmd = load_mmd(mmd_str)
@@ -555,8 +554,7 @@ class ModuleBuild(MBSBase):
 
         # Get the buildrequires from the XMD section, because it contains
         # all the buildrequires as we resolved them using dependency resolver.
-        # We have to use keys because GLib.Variant doesn't support `in` directly.
-        if "buildrequires" not in mbs_xmd.keys():
+        if "buildrequires" not in mbs_xmd:
             raise ValueError("The module's modulemd hasn't been formatted by MBS")
         mmd_formatted_buildrequires = {
             dep: info["ref"] for dep, info in mbs_xmd["buildrequires"].items()
@@ -575,10 +573,11 @@ class ModuleBuild(MBSBase):
         # Get the requires from the real "dependencies" section in MMD.
         mmd_requires = {}
         for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
-            for name, streams in deps.get_requires().items():
+            for name in deps.get_runtime_modules():
+                streams = deps.get_runtime_streams(name)
                 if name not in mmd_requires:
                     mmd_requires[name] = set()
-                mmd_requires[name] = mmd_requires[name].union(streams.get())
+                mmd_requires[name] = mmd_requires[name].union(streams)
 
         # Sort the streams for each module name and also sort the module names.
         mmd_requires = {dep: sorted(list(streams)) for dep, streams in mmd_requires.items()}
@@ -800,11 +799,8 @@ class ModuleBuild(MBSBase):
 
     def json(self, show_tasks=True):
         mmd = self.mmd()
-        xmd = from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
-        try:
-            buildrequires = xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]
-        except KeyError:
-            buildrequires = {}
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
+        buildrequires = xmd.get("mbs", {}).get("buildrequires", {})
         rv = self.short_json()
         rv.update({
             "component_builds": [build.id for build in self.component_builds],
@@ -950,7 +946,6 @@ class ModuleBuild(MBSBase):
         xmd = self.mmd().get_xmd()
         with make_session(conf) as db_session:
             for bm in conf.base_module_names:
-                # xmd is a GLib Variant and doesn't support .get() syntax
                 try:
                     bm_dict = xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"].get(bm)
                 except KeyError:
diff --git a/module_build_service/resolver/DBResolver.py b/module_build_service/resolver/DBResolver.py
index fbc75a87..16b0804a 100644
--- a/module_build_service/resolver/DBResolver.py
+++ b/module_build_service/resolver/DBResolver.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ from module_build_service import log, db
 from module_build_service.resolver.base import GenericResolver
 from module_build_service import models
 from module_build_service.errors import UnprocessableEntity
-from module_build_service.utils.submit import load_mmd
+from module_build_service.utils.general import load_mmd
 import sqlalchemy
 
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
         :param str name: the module name to search for
         :param str virtual_stream: the module virtual stream to search for
         :return: the module's modulemd or None
-        :rtype: Modulemd.Module or None
+        :rtype: Modulemd.ModuleStream or None
         """
         with models.make_session(self.config) as session:
             query = session.query(models.ModuleBuild).filter_by(name=name)
@@ -191,9 +191,7 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
 
             mmds = [build.mmd() for build in builds]
             nsvcs = [
-                ":".join(
-                    [mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), str(mmd.get_version()), mmd.get_context()]
-                )
+                mmd.get_nsvc()
                 for mmd in mmds
             ]
             log.debug("Found: %r", nsvcs)
@@ -206,7 +204,7 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
         the key in all buildrequires. If there are some modules loaded by
         utils.load_local_builds(...), these local modules will be considered when returning
         the profiles.
-        :param mmd: Modulemd.Module instance representing the module
+        :param mmd: Modulemd.ModuleStream instance representing the module
         :param keys: list of modulemd installation profiles to include in the result
         :return: a dictionary
         """
@@ -222,8 +220,9 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
                     log.info("Using local module {0!r} to resolve profiles.".format(local_module))
                     dep_mmd = local_module.mmd()
                     for key in keys:
-                        if key in dep_mmd.get_profiles().keys():
-                            results[key] |= set(dep_mmd.get_profiles()[key].get_rpms().get())
+                        profile = dep_mmd.get_profile(key)
+                        if profile:
+                            results[key] |= set(profile.get_rpms())
                     continue
 
                 build = models.ModuleBuild.get_build_from_nsvc(
@@ -247,8 +246,9 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
 
                 # Take note of what rpms are in this dep's profile
                 for key in keys:
-                    if key in dep_mmd.get_profiles().keys():
-                        results[key] |= set(dep_mmd.get_profiles()[key].get_rpms().get())
+                    profile = dep_mmd.get_profile(key)
+                    if profile:
+                        results[key] |= set(profile.get_rpms())
 
         # Return the union of all rpms in all profiles of the given keys
         return results
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
         :kwarg stream: a string of a module's stream (required if mmd is not set)
         :kwarg version: a string of a module's version (required if mmd is not set)
         :kwarg context: a string of a module's context (required if mmd is not set)
-        :kwarg mmd: Modulemd.Module object. If this is set, the mmd will be used instead of
+        :kwarg mmd: Modulemd.ModuleStream object. If this is set, the mmd will be used instead of
             querying the DB with the name, stream, version, and context.
         :kwarg strict: Normally this function returns None if no module can be
             found.  If strict=True, then an UnprocessableEntity is raised.
@@ -289,8 +289,8 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
             if mmd:
                 queried_mmd = mmd
                 nsvc = ":".join([
-                    mmd.get_name(),
-                    mmd.get_stream(),
+                    mmd.get_module_name(),
+                    mmd.get_stream_name(),
                     str(mmd.get_version()),
                     mmd.get_context() or models.DEFAULT_MODULE_CONTEXT,
                 ])
@@ -305,8 +305,8 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
                 queried_mmd = build.mmd()
                 nsvc = ":".join([name, stream, version, context])
 
-            xmd_mbs = queried_mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs")
-            if not xmd_mbs or "buildrequires" not in xmd_mbs.keys():
+            xmd_mbs = queried_mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs", {})
+            if "buildrequires" not in xmd_mbs:
                 raise RuntimeError(
                     "The module {} did not contain its modulemd or did not have "
                     "its xmd attribute filled out in MBS".format(nsvc)
@@ -385,8 +385,8 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
 
                 commit_hash = None
                 mmd = build.mmd()
-                mbs_xmd = mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs")
-                if mbs_xmd and "commit" in mbs_xmd.keys():
+                mbs_xmd = mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs", {})
+                if mbs_xmd.get("commit"):
                     commit_hash = mbs_xmd["commit"]
                 else:
                     raise RuntimeError(
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ class DBResolver(GenericResolver):
                             module_name)
                     )
 
-                if "mse" not in mbs_xmd.keys() or not mbs_xmd["mse"]:
+                if not mbs_xmd.get("mse"):
                     raise RuntimeError(
                         'The module "{}" is not built using Module Stream Expansion. '
                         "Please rebuild this module first".format(nsvc)
diff --git a/module_build_service/resolver/MBSResolver.py b/module_build_service/resolver/MBSResolver.py
index 2f09b8a2..88584f72 100644
--- a/module_build_service/resolver/MBSResolver.py
+++ b/module_build_service/resolver/MBSResolver.py
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ from module_build_service import db, conf
 from module_build_service import models
 from module_build_service.errors import UnprocessableEntity
 from module_build_service.resolver.base import GenericResolver
-from module_build_service.utils.submit import load_mmd
-from module_build_service.utils.general import import_mmd
+from module_build_service.utils.general import import_mmd, load_mmd
 
 log = logging.getLogger()
 
@@ -150,7 +149,7 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
         :param str name: the module name to search for
         :param str virtual_stream: the module virtual stream to search for
         :return: the module's modulemd or None
-        :rtype: Modulemd.Module or None
+        :rtype: Modulemd.ModuleStream or None
         """
         query = {
             "name": name,
@@ -247,7 +246,7 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
 
     def resolve_profiles(self, mmd, keys):
         """
-        :param mmd: Modulemd.Module instance of module
+        :param mmd: Modulemd.ModuleStream instance of module
         :param keys: list of modulemd installation profiles to include in
                      the result.
         :return: Dictionary with keys set according to `keys` param and values
@@ -271,8 +270,9 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
                 log.info("Using local module %r to resolve profiles.", local_module)
                 dep_mmd = local_module.mmd()
                 for key in keys:
-                    if key in dep_mmd.get_profiles().keys():
-                        results[key] |= set(dep_mmd.get_profiles()[key].get_rpms().get())
+                    profile = dep_mmd.get_profile(key)
+                    if profile:
+                        results[key] |= set(profile.get_rpms())
                 continue
 
             # Find the dep in the built modules in MBS
@@ -289,8 +289,9 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
                 dep_mmd = load_mmd(yaml)
                 # Take note of what rpms are in this dep's profile.
                 for key in keys:
-                    if key in dep_mmd.get_profiles().keys():
-                        results[key] |= set(dep_mmd.get_profiles()[key].get_rpms().get())
+                    profile = dep_mmd.get_profile(key)
+                    if profile:
+                        results[key] |= set(profile.get_rpms())
 
         # Return the union of all rpms in all profiles of the given keys.
         return results
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
         :param strict: Normally this function returns None if no module can be
             found.  If strict=True, then an UnprocessableEntity is raised.
         :return: a mapping containing buildrequire modules info in key/value pairs,
-            where key is koji_tag and value is list of Modulemd.Module objects.
+            where key is koji_tag and value is list of Modulemd.ModuleStream objects.
         :rtype: dict(str, :class:`Modulemd.Module`)
         """
 
@@ -338,11 +339,7 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
             yaml = queried_module["modulemd"]
             queried_mmd = load_mmd(yaml)
 
-        if (
-            not queried_mmd
-            or not queried_mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs")
-            or "buildrequires" not in queried_mmd.get_xmd()["mbs"].keys()
-        ):
+        if not queried_mmd or "buildrequires" not in queried_mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs", {}):
             raise RuntimeError(
                 'The module "{0!r}" did not contain its modulemd or did not have '
                 "its xmd attribute filled out in MBS".format(queried_mmd)
@@ -427,15 +424,15 @@ class MBSResolver(GenericResolver):
             )
             if module.get("modulemd"):
                 mmd = load_mmd(module["modulemd"])
-                if mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs") and "commit" in mmd.get_xmd()["mbs"].keys():
+                if mmd.get_xmd().get("mbs", {}).get("commit"):
                     commit_hash = mmd.get_xmd()["mbs"]["commit"]
 
                 # Find out the particular NVR of filtered packages
-                if "rpms" in module and mmd.get_rpm_filter().get():
+                if "rpms" in module and mmd.get_rpm_filters():
                     for rpm in module["rpms"]:
                         nvr = kobo.rpmlib.parse_nvra(rpm)
                         # If the package is not filtered, continue
-                        if not nvr["name"] in mmd.get_rpm_filter().get():
+                        if not nvr["name"] in mmd.get_rpm_filters():
                             continue
 
                         # If the nvr is already in filtered_rpms, continue
diff --git a/module_build_service/scheduler/handlers/modules.py b/module_build_service/scheduler/handlers/modules.py
index 4a4d1998..abc56029 100644
--- a/module_build_service/scheduler/handlers/modules.py
+++ b/module_build_service/scheduler/handlers/modules.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ from module_build_service.errors import UnprocessableEntity, Forbidden, Validati
 from module_build_service.utils.ursine import handle_stream_collision_modules
 
 from requests.exceptions import ConnectionError
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
+from module_build_service.utils import mmd_to_str
 
 import koji
 import six.moves.xmlrpc_client as xmlrpclib
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def init(config, session, msg):
         if conf.system in ["koji", "test"]:
             handle_stream_collision_modules(mmd)
         mmd = record_filtered_rpms(mmd)
-        build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         build.transition(conf, models.BUILD_STATES["wait"])
     # Catch custom exceptions that we can expose to the user
     except (UnprocessableEntity, Forbidden, ValidationError, RuntimeError) as e:
@@ -251,7 +251,9 @@ def get_content_generator_build_koji_tag(module_deps):
         # Find out the name of Koji tag to which the module's Content
         # Generator build should be tagged once the build finishes.
         module_names_streams = {
-            mmd.get_name(): mmd.get_stream() for mmds in module_deps.values() for mmd in mmds
+            mmd.get_module_name(): mmd.get_stream_name()
+            for mmds in module_deps.values()
+            for mmd in mmds
         }
         for base_module_name in conf.base_module_names:
             if base_module_name in module_names_streams:
diff --git a/module_build_service/utils/general.py b/module_build_service/utils/general.py
index 5891e387..bb4519f0 100644
--- a/module_build_service/utils/general.py
+++ b/module_build_service/utils/general.py
@@ -22,14 +22,17 @@
 # Written by Ralph Bean <rbean@redhat.com>
 #            Matt Prahl <mprahl@redhat.com>
 #            Jan Kaluza <jkaluza@redhat.com>
+import os
 import functools
 import inspect
 import hashlib
 import time
 from datetime import datetime
+from functools import partial
+
 from six import text_type, string_types
 
-from module_build_service import conf, log, models, Modulemd, glib
+from module_build_service import conf, log, models, Modulemd
 from module_build_service.errors import ValidationError, ProgrammingError, UnprocessableEntity
 
 
@@ -43,6 +46,45 @@ def to_text_type(s):
         return s
 
 
+def load_mmd(yaml, is_file=False):
+    try:
+        if is_file:
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_file(yaml, True)
+        else:
+            mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStream.read_string(to_text_type(yaml), True)
+        mmd.validate()
+        # If the modulemd was v1, it will be upgraded to v2
+        mmd = mmd.upgrade(Modulemd.ModuleStreamVersionEnum.TWO)
+    except Exception as e:
+        not_found = False
+        if is_file:
+            error = "The modulemd {} is invalid.".format(os.path.basename(yaml))
+            if os.path.exists(yaml):
+                with open(yaml, "rt") as yaml_hdl:
+                    log.debug("Modulemd that failed to load:\n%s", yaml_hdl.read())
+            else:
+                not_found = True
+                error = "The modulemd file {} was not found.".format(os.path.basename(yaml))
+                log.error("The modulemd file %s was not found.", yaml)
+        else:
+            error = "The modulemd is invalid."
+            log.debug("Modulemd that failed to load:\n%s", yaml)
+
+        if "modulemd-error-quark: " in str(e):
+            error = "{} The error was '{}'.".format(
+                error, str(e).split("modulemd-error-quark: ")[-1])
+        elif not_found is False:
+            error = "{} Please verify the syntax is correct.".format(error)
+
+        log.exception(error)
+        raise UnprocessableEntity(error)
+
+    return mmd
+
+
+load_mmd_file = partial(load_mmd, is_file=True)
+
+
 def scm_url_schemes(terse=False):
     """
     Definition of URL schemes supported by both frontend and scheduler.
@@ -363,8 +405,8 @@ def import_mmd(session, mmd, check_buildrequires=True):
     """
     if not mmd.get_context():
         mmd.set_context(models.DEFAULT_MODULE_CONTEXT)
-    name = mmd.get_name()
-    stream = mmd.get_stream()
+    name = mmd.get_module_name()
+    stream = mmd.get_stream_name()
     version = str(mmd.get_version())
     context = mmd.get_context()
 
@@ -414,13 +456,13 @@ def import_mmd(session, mmd, check_buildrequires=True):
         raise UnprocessableEntity(
             "The imported module's dependencies list should contain just one element")
 
-    xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
     # Set some defaults in xmd["mbs"] if they're not provided by the user
     if "mbs" not in xmd:
         xmd["mbs"] = {"mse": True}
 
     if check_buildrequires and mmd.get_dependencies():
-        brs = set(mmd.get_dependencies()[0].get_buildrequires().keys())
+        brs = set(mmd.get_dependencies()[0].get_buildtime_modules())
         xmd_brs = set(xmd["mbs"].get("buildrequires", {}).keys())
         if brs - xmd_brs:
             raise UnprocessableEntity(
@@ -429,7 +471,7 @@ def import_mmd(session, mmd, check_buildrequires=True):
             )
     elif "buildrequires" not in xmd["mbs"]:
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = {}
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
     koji_tag = xmd["mbs"].get("koji_tag")
     if koji_tag is None:
@@ -449,7 +491,7 @@ def import_mmd(session, mmd, check_buildrequires=True):
     build.version = version
     build.koji_tag = koji_tag
     build.state = models.BUILD_STATES["ready"]
-    build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+    build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
     build.context = context
     build.owner = "mbs_import"
     build.rebuild_strategy = "all"
@@ -494,26 +536,19 @@ def import_fake_base_module(nsvc):
     :param str nsvc: name:stream:version:context of a module.
     """
     name, stream, version, context = nsvc.split(":")
-    mmd = Modulemd.Module()
-    mmd.set_mdversion(2)
-    mmd.set_name(name)
-    mmd.set_stream(stream)
+    mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStreamV2.new(name, stream)
     mmd.set_version(int(version))
     mmd.set_context(context)
     mmd.set_summary("fake base module")
     mmd.set_description("fake base module")
-    licenses = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-    licenses.add("GPL")
-    mmd.set_module_licenses(licenses)
+    mmd.add_module_license("GPL")
 
-    buildroot = Modulemd.Profile()
-    buildroot.set_name("buildroot")
+    buildroot = Modulemd.Profile.new("buildroot")
     for rpm in conf.default_buildroot_packages:
         buildroot.add_rpm(rpm)
     mmd.add_profile(buildroot)
 
-    srpm_buildroot = Modulemd.Profile()
-    srpm_buildroot.set_name("srpm-buildroot")
+    srpm_buildroot = Modulemd.Profile.new("srpm-buildroot")
     for rpm in conf.default_srpm_buildroot_packages:
         srpm_buildroot.add_rpm(rpm)
     mmd.add_profile(srpm_buildroot)
@@ -527,7 +562,7 @@ def import_fake_base_module(nsvc):
     # Use empty "repofile://" URI for base module. The base module will use the
     # `conf.base_module_names` list as list of default repositories.
     xmd_mbs["koji_tag"] = "repofile://"
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
     with models.make_session(conf) as session:
         import_mmd(session, mmd, False)
@@ -570,16 +605,22 @@ def import_builds_from_local_dnf_repos(platform_id=None):
                 log.warning(str(e))
                 continue
             mmd_data = repo.get_metadata_content("modules")
-            mmds = Modulemd.Module.new_all_from_string(mmd_data)
-            for mmd in mmds:
-                xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
-                xmd["mbs"] = {}
-                xmd["mbs"]["koji_tag"] = "repofile://" + repo.repofile
-                xmd["mbs"]["mse"] = True
-                xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = "unknown"
-                mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+            mmd_index = Modulemd.ModuleIndex.new()
+            ret, _ = mmd_index.update_from_string(mmd_data, True)
+            if not ret:
+                log.warning("Loading the repo '%s' failed", repo.name)
+                continue
 
-                import_mmd(session, mmd, False)
+            for module_name in mmd_index.get_module_names():
+                for mmd in mmd_index.get_module(module_name).get_all_streams():
+                    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
+                    xmd["mbs"] = {}
+                    xmd["mbs"]["koji_tag"] = "repofile://" + repo.repofile
+                    xmd["mbs"]["mse"] = True
+                    xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = "unknown"
+                    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+
+                    import_mmd(session, mmd, False)
 
     if not platform_id:
         # Parse the /etc/os-release to find out the local platform:stream.
@@ -623,10 +664,40 @@ def get_build_arches(mmd, config):
 
     # Handle BASE_MODULE_ARCHES. Find out the base modules in buildrequires
     # section of XMD and set the Koji tag arches according to it.
-    if "mbs" in mmd.get_xmd().keys():
+    if "mbs" in mmd.get_xmd():
         for req_name, req_data in mmd.get_xmd()["mbs"]["buildrequires"].items():
             ns = ":".join([req_name, req_data["stream"]])
             if ns in config.base_module_arches:
                 arches = config.base_module_arches[ns]
                 break
     return arches
+
+
+def deps_to_dict(deps, deps_type):
+    """
+    Helper method to convert a Modulemd.Dependencies object to a dictionary.
+
+    :param Modulemd.Dependencies deps: the Modulemd.Dependencies object to convert
+    :param str deps_type: the type of dependency (buildtime or runtime)
+    :return: a dictionary with the keys as module names and values as a list of strings
+    :rtype dict
+    """
+    names_func = getattr(deps, 'get_{}_modules'.format(deps_type))
+    streams_func = getattr(deps, 'get_{}_streams'.format(deps_type))
+    return {
+        module: streams_func(module)
+        for module in names_func()
+    }
+
+
+def mmd_to_str(mmd):
+    """
+    Helper method to convert a Modulemd.ModuleStream object to a YAML string.
+
+    :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: the modulemd to convert
+    :return: the YAML string of the modulemd
+    :rtype: str
+    """
+    index = Modulemd.ModuleIndex()
+    index.add_module_stream(mmd)
+    return to_text_type(index.dump_to_string())
diff --git a/module_build_service/utils/mse.py b/module_build_service/utils/mse.py
index 6da01c19..afd39f31 100644
--- a/module_build_service/utils/mse.py
+++ b/module_build_service/utils/mse.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ from module_build_service import log, models, Modulemd, db, conf
 from module_build_service.errors import StreamAmbigous
 from module_build_service.errors import UnprocessableEntity
 from module_build_service.mmd_resolver import MMDResolver
-from module_build_service import glib
+from module_build_service.utils.general import deps_to_dict, mmd_to_str
 import module_build_service.resolver
 
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def expand_mse_streams(session, mmd, default_streams=None, raise_if_stream_ambig
     Expands streams in both buildrequires/requires sections of MMD.
 
     :param session: SQLAlchemy DB session.
-    :param Modulemd.Module mmd: Modulemd metadata with original unexpanded module.
+    :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: Modulemd metadata with original unexpanded module.
     :param dict default_streams: Dict in {module_name: module_stream, ...} format defining
         the default stream to choose for module in case when there are multiple streams to
         choose from.
@@ -99,25 +99,32 @@ def expand_mse_streams(session, mmd, default_streams=None, raise_if_stream_ambig
         defined in `default_streams`, so it is not clear which stream should be used.
     """
     for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
-        expanded = {}
-        for name, streams in deps.get_requires().items():
-            streams_set = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-            streams_set.set(
-                _expand_mse_streams(
-                    session, name, streams.get(), default_streams, raise_if_stream_ambigous)
-            )
-            expanded[name] = streams_set
-        deps.set_requires(expanded)
+        new_deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
+        for name in deps.get_runtime_modules():
+            streams = deps.get_runtime_streams(name)
+            new_streams = _expand_mse_streams(
+                session, name, streams, default_streams, raise_if_stream_ambigous)
 
-        expanded = {}
-        for name, streams in deps.get_buildrequires().items():
-            streams_set = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-            streams_set.set(
-                _expand_mse_streams(
-                    session, name, streams.get(), default_streams, raise_if_stream_ambigous)
-            )
-            expanded[name] = streams_set
-        deps.set_buildrequires(expanded)
+            if new_streams == []:
+                new_deps.set_empty_runtime_dependencies_for_module(name)
+            else:
+                for stream in new_streams:
+                    new_deps.add_runtime_stream(name, stream)
+
+        for name in deps.get_buildtime_modules():
+            streams = deps.get_buildtime_streams(name)
+            new_streams = _expand_mse_streams(
+                session, name, streams, default_streams, raise_if_stream_ambigous)
+
+            if new_streams == []:
+                new_deps.set_empty_buildtime_dependencies_for_module(name)
+            else:
+                for stream in new_streams:
+                    new_deps.add_buildtime_stream(name, stream)
+
+        # Replace the Dependencies object
+        mmd.remove_dependencies(deps)
+        mmd.add_dependencies(new_deps)
 
 
 def _get_mmds_from_requires(
@@ -132,7 +139,7 @@ def _get_mmds_from_requires(
     Helper method for get_mmds_required_by_module_recursively returning
     the list of module metadata objects defined by `requires` dict.
 
-    :param requires: Modulemd.Module requires or buildrequires.
+    :param dict requires: requires or buildrequires in the form {module: [streams]}
     :param mmds: Dictionary with already handled name:streams as a keys and lists
         of resulting mmds as values.
     :param recursive: If True, the requires are checked recursively.
@@ -158,7 +165,7 @@ def _get_mmds_from_requires(
         if name in conf.base_module_names:
             continue
 
-        streams_to_try = streams.get()
+        streams_to_try = streams
         if name in default_streams:
             streams_to_try = [default_streams[name]]
         elif len(streams_to_try) > 1 and raise_if_stream_ambigous:
@@ -171,7 +178,7 @@ def _get_mmds_from_requires(
         # its contexts and add mmds of these builds to `mmds` and `added_mmds`.
         # Of course only do that if we have not done that already in some
         # previous call of this method.
-        for stream in streams.get():
+        for stream in streams:
             ns = "%s:%s" % (name, stream)
             if ns not in mmds:
                 mmds[ns] = []
@@ -180,12 +187,7 @@ def _get_mmds_from_requires(
 
             if base_module_mmds:
                 for base_module_mmd in base_module_mmds:
-                    base_module_nsvc = ":".join([
-                        base_module_mmd.get_name(),
-                        base_module_mmd.get_stream(),
-                        str(base_module_mmd.get_version()),
-                        base_module_mmd.get_context(),
-                    ])
+                    base_module_nsvc = base_module_mmd.get_nsvc()
                     mmds[ns] += resolver.get_buildrequired_modulemds(name, stream, base_module_nsvc)
             else:
                 mmds[ns] = resolver.get_module_modulemds(name, stream, strict=True)
@@ -196,8 +198,9 @@ def _get_mmds_from_requires(
         for mmd_list in added_mmds.values():
             for mmd in mmd_list:
                 for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
+                    deps_dict = deps_to_dict(deps, 'runtime')
                     mmds = _get_mmds_from_requires(
-                        deps.get_requires(), mmds, True, base_module_mmds=base_module_mmds)
+                        deps_dict, mmds, True, base_module_mmds=base_module_mmds)
 
     return mmds
 
@@ -216,7 +219,10 @@ def _get_base_module_mmds(mmd):
 
     resolver = module_build_service.resolver.system_resolver
     for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
-        buildrequires = deps.get_buildrequires()
+        buildrequires = {
+            module: deps.get_buildtime_streams(module)
+            for module in deps.get_buildtime_modules()
+        }
         for name in conf.base_module_names:
             if name not in buildrequires.keys():
                 continue
@@ -226,7 +232,7 @@ def _get_base_module_mmds(mmd):
             # streams are f29.1.0 and f29.2.0, then two queries will occur, causing f29.1.0 to be
             # returned twice. Only one query for that scenario is necessary.
             sorted_desc_streams = sorted(
-                buildrequires[name].get(), reverse=True, key=models.ModuleBuild.get_stream_version)
+                buildrequires[name], reverse=True, key=models.ModuleBuild.get_stream_version)
             for stream in sorted_desc_streams:
                 ns = ":".join([name, stream])
                 if ns in seen:
@@ -243,16 +249,18 @@ def _get_base_module_mmds(mmd):
                     continue
                 stream_mmd = mmds[0]
 
+                # Get the list of compatible virtual streams.
+                xmd = stream_mmd.get_xmd()
+                virtual_streams = xmd.get("mbs", {}).get("virtual_streams")
+
                 # In case there are no virtual_streams in the buildrequired name:stream,
                 # it is clear that there are no compatible streams, so return just this
                 # `stream_mmd`.
-                xmd = stream_mmd.get_xmd()
-                if "mbs" not in xmd.keys() or "virtual_streams" not in xmd["mbs"].keys():
+                if not virtual_streams:
                     seen.add(ns)
                     ret.append(stream_mmd)
                     continue
 
-                # Get the list of compatible virtual streams.
                 virtual_streams = xmd["mbs"]["virtual_streams"]
 
                 mmds = resolver.get_module_modulemds(
@@ -261,7 +269,7 @@ def _get_base_module_mmds(mmd):
                 # Add the returned mmds to the `seen` set to avoid querying those individually if
                 # they are part of the buildrequire streams for this base module
                 for mmd_ in mmds:
-                    mmd_ns = ":".join([mmd_.get_name(), mmd_.get_stream()])
+                    mmd_ns = ":".join([mmd_.get_module_name(), mmd_.get_stream_name()])
                     # An extra precaution to ensure there are no duplicates in the event the sorting
                     # above wasn't flawless
                     if mmd_ns not in seen:
@@ -317,27 +325,23 @@ def get_mmds_required_by_module_recursively(
 
     # Add base modules to `mmds`.
     for base_module in base_module_mmds:
-        ns = ":".join([base_module.get_name(), base_module.get_stream()])
+        ns = ":".join([base_module.get_module_name(), base_module.get_stream_name()])
         mmds.setdefault(ns, [])
         mmds[ns].append(base_module)
 
     # Get all the buildrequires of the module of interest.
     for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
+        deps_dict = deps_to_dict(deps, 'buildtime')
         mmds = _get_mmds_from_requires(
-            deps.get_buildrequires(),
-            mmds,
-            False,
-            default_streams,
-            raise_if_stream_ambigous,
-            base_module_mmds,
-        )
+            deps_dict, mmds, False, default_streams, raise_if_stream_ambigous, base_module_mmds)
 
     # Now get the requires of buildrequires recursively.
     for mmd_key in list(mmds.keys()):
         for mmd in mmds[mmd_key]:
             for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
+                deps_dict = deps_to_dict(deps, 'runtime')
                 mmds = _get_mmds_from_requires(
-                    deps.get_requires(),
+                    deps_dict,
                     mmds,
                     True,
                     default_streams,
@@ -361,7 +365,7 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
     built using MBS.
 
     :param session: SQLAlchemy DB session.
-    :param Modulemd.Module mmd: Modulemd metadata with original unexpanded module.
+    :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: Modulemd metadata with original unexpanded module.
     :param bool raise_if_stream_ambigous: When True, raises a StreamAmbigous exception in case
         there are multiple streams for some dependency of module and the module name is not
         defined in `default_streams`, so it is not clear which stream should be used.
@@ -377,9 +381,7 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
 
     # Create local copy of mmd, because we will expand its dependencies,
     # which would change the module.
-    # TODO: Use copy method once its in released libmodulemd:
-    # https://github.com/fedora-modularity/libmodulemd/pull/20
-    current_mmd = Modulemd.Module.new_from_string(mmd.dumps())
+    current_mmd = mmd.copy()
 
     # MMDResolver expects the input MMD to have no context.
     current_mmd.set_context(None)
@@ -396,10 +398,7 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
         mmd_resolver.add_modules(m)
 
     # Show log.info message with the NSVCs we have added to mmd_resolver.
-    nsvcs_to_solve = [
-        ":".join([m.get_name(), m.get_stream(), str(m.get_version()), str(m.get_context())])
-        for m in mmds_for_resolving
-    ]
+    nsvcs_to_solve = [m.get_nsvc() for m in mmds_for_resolving]
     log.info("Starting resolving with following input modules: %r", nsvcs_to_solve)
 
     # Resolve the dependencies between modules and get the list of all valid
@@ -411,10 +410,8 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
     mmds = []
     for requires in requires_combinations:
         # Each generated MMD must be new Module object...
-        # TODO: Use copy method once its in released libmodulemd:
-        # https://github.com/fedora-modularity/libmodulemd/pull/20
-        mmd_copy = Modulemd.Module.new_from_string(mmd.dumps())
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd_copy.get_xmd())
+        mmd_copy = mmd.copy()
+        xmd = mmd_copy.get_xmd()
 
         # Requires contain the NSVC representing the input mmd.
         # The 'context' of this NSVC defines the id of buildrequires/requires
@@ -433,8 +430,8 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
         for nsvca in requires:
             req_name, req_stream, _, req_context, req_arch = nsvca.split(":")
             if req_arch == "src":
-                assert req_name == current_mmd.get_name()
-                assert req_stream == current_mmd.get_stream()
+                assert req_name == current_mmd.get_module_name()
+                assert req_stream == current_mmd.get_stream_name()
                 assert dependencies_id is None
                 assert self_nsvca is None
                 dependencies_id = int(req_context)
@@ -444,7 +441,7 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
         if dependencies_id is None or self_nsvca is None:
             raise RuntimeError(
                 "%s:%s not found in requires %r"
-                % (current_mmd.get_name(), current_mmd.get_stream(), requires)
+                % (current_mmd.get_module_name(), current_mmd.get_stream_name(), requires)
             )
 
         # The name:[streams, ...] pairs do not have to be the same in both
@@ -453,35 +450,45 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
         # In case they are not the same, we have to keep the streams as they are in requires
         # section.  We always replace stream(s) for build-requirement with the one we
         # will build this MMD against.
-        new_dep = Modulemd.Dependencies()
-        dep = mmd_copy.get_dependencies()[dependencies_id]
-        dep_requires = dep.get_requires()
-        dep_buildrequires = dep.get_buildrequires()
-        for req_name, req_streams in dep_requires.items():
-            if req_name not in dep_buildrequires:
+        new_deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
+        deps = mmd_copy.get_dependencies()[dependencies_id]
+        deps_requires = deps_to_dict(deps, 'runtime')
+        deps_buildrequires = deps_to_dict(deps, 'buildtime')
+        for req_name, req_streams in deps_requires.items():
+            if req_name not in deps_buildrequires:
                 # This require is not a buildrequire so just copy this runtime requirement to
                 # new_dep and don't touch buildrequires
-                new_dep.add_requires(req_name, req_streams.get())
-            elif set(req_streams.get()) != set(dep_buildrequires[req_name].get()):
+                if req_streams == []:
+                    new_deps.set_empty_runtime_dependencies_for_module(req_name)
+                else:
+                    for req_stream in req_streams:
+                        new_deps.add_runtime_stream(req_name, req_stream)
+            elif set(req_streams) != set(deps_buildrequires[req_name]):
                 # Streams in runtime section are not the same as in buildtime section,
                 # so just copy this runtime requirement to new_dep.
-                new_dep.add_requires(req_name, req_streams.get())
-                new_dep.add_buildrequires(req_name, [req_name_stream[req_name]])
+                if req_streams == []:
+                    new_deps.set_empty_runtime_dependencies_for_module(req_name)
+                else:
+                    for req_stream in req_streams:
+                        new_deps.add_runtime_stream(req_name, req_stream)
+
+                new_deps.add_buildtime_stream(req_name, req_name_stream[req_name])
             else:
                 # This runtime requirement has the same streams in both runtime/buildtime
                 # requires sections, so replace streams in both sections by the one we
                 # really used in this resolved variant.
-                new_dep.add_requires(req_name, [req_name_stream[req_name]])
-                new_dep.add_buildrequires(req_name, [req_name_stream[req_name]])
+                new_deps.add_runtime_stream(req_name, req_name_stream[req_name])
+                new_deps.add_buildtime_stream(req_name, req_name_stream[req_name])
 
         # There might be buildrequires which are not in runtime requires list.
         # Such buildrequires must be copied to expanded MMD.
-        for req_name, req_streams in dep_buildrequires.items():
-            if req_name not in dep_requires:
-                new_dep.add_buildrequires(req_name, [req_name_stream[req_name]])
+        for req_name, req_streams in deps_buildrequires.items():
+            if req_name not in deps_requires:
+                new_deps.add_buildtime_stream(req_name, req_name_stream[req_name])
 
         # Set the new dependencies.
-        mmd_copy.set_dependencies((new_dep,))
+        mmd_copy.remove_dependencies(deps)
+        mmd_copy.add_dependencies(new_deps)
 
         # The Modulemd.Dependencies() stores only streams, but to really build this
         # module, we need NSVC of buildrequires, so we have to store this data in XMD.
@@ -503,11 +510,10 @@ def generate_expanded_mmds(session, mmd, raise_if_stream_ambigous=False, default
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = resolver.resolve_requires(br_list)
         xmd["mbs"]["mse"] = True
 
-        mmd_copy.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd_copy.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         # Now we have all the info to actually compute context of this module.
-        ref_build_context, build_context, runtime_context, context = \
-            models.ModuleBuild.contexts_from_mmd(mmd_copy.dumps())
+        _, _, _, context = models.ModuleBuild.contexts_from_mmd(mmd_to_str(mmd_copy))
         mmd_copy.set_context(context)
 
         mmds.append(mmd_copy)
diff --git a/module_build_service/utils/reuse.py b/module_build_service/utils/reuse.py
index 12c35a87..9ae05687 100644
--- a/module_build_service/utils/reuse.py
+++ b/module_build_service/utils/reuse.py
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ def get_reusable_module(session, module):
     # Find the latest module that is in the done or ready state
     previous_module_build = (
         session.query(models.ModuleBuild)
-        .filter_by(name=mmd.get_name())
-        .filter_by(stream=mmd.get_stream())
+        .filter_by(name=mmd.get_module_name())
+        .filter_by(stream=mmd.get_stream_name())
         .filter_by(state=models.BUILD_STATES["ready"])
         .filter(models.ModuleBuild.scmurl.isnot(None))
         .filter_by(build_context=module.build_context)
@@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ def get_reusable_component(
         is called to get the ModuleBuild instance. Consider passing the ModuleBuild
         instance in case you plan to call get_reusable_component repeatedly for the
         same module to make this method faster.
-    :param mmd: ModuleMd.Module of `module`. If not passed, it is taken from
+    :param mmd: Modulemd.ModuleStream of `module`. If not passed, it is taken from
         module.mmd(). Consider passing this arg in case you plan to call
         get_reusable_component repeatedly for the same module to make this method faster.
-    :param old_mmd: ModuleMd.Module of `previous_module_build`. If not passed,
+    :param old_mmd: Modulemd.ModuleStream of `previous_module_build`. If not passed,
         it is taken from previous_module_build.mmd(). Consider passing this arg in
         case you plan to call get_reusable_component repeatedly for the same
         module to make this method faster.
@@ -302,7 +302,19 @@ def get_reusable_component(
             return None
 
         # If the mmd.buildopts.macros.rpms changed, we cannot reuse
-        if mmd.get_rpm_buildopts().get("macros") != old_mmd.get_rpm_buildopts().get("macros"):
+        buildopts = mmd.get_buildopts()
+        if buildopts:
+            modulemd_macros = buildopts.get_rpm_macros()
+        else:
+            modulemd_macros = None
+
+        old_buildopts = old_mmd.get_buildopts()
+        if old_buildopts:
+            old_modulemd_macros = old_buildopts.get_rpm_macros()
+        else:
+            old_modulemd_macros = None
+
+        if modulemd_macros != old_modulemd_macros:
             log.info("Cannot re-use.  Old modulemd macros do not match the new.")
             return None
 
@@ -348,13 +360,12 @@ def get_reusable_component(
             log.info("Cannot re-use.  Ordering or commit hashes of previous batches differ.")
             return None
 
-    for pkg_name, pkg in mmd.get_rpm_components().items():
-        if pkg_name not in old_mmd.get_rpm_components():
+    for pkg_name in mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
+        pkg = mmd.get_rpm_component(pkg_name)
+        if pkg_name not in old_mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
             log.info("Cannot re-use. Package lists are different.")
             return None
-        if set(pkg.get_arches().get()) != set(
-            old_mmd.get_rpm_components()[pkg_name].get_arches().get()
-        ):
+        if set(pkg.get_arches()) != set(old_mmd.get_rpm_component(pkg_name).get_arches()):
             log.info("Cannot re-use. Architectures are different for package: %s." % pkg_name)
             return None
 
diff --git a/module_build_service/utils/submit.py b/module_build_service/utils/submit.py
index 69b99c04..f853ba99 100644
--- a/module_build_service/utils/submit.py
+++ b/module_build_service/utils/submit.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import time
 import shutil
 import tempfile
 import os
-from functools import partial
 from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool
 from datetime import datetime
 import copy
@@ -41,8 +40,9 @@ from gi.repository import GLib
 import module_build_service.scm
 from module_build_service import conf, db, log, models, Modulemd
 from module_build_service.errors import ValidationError, UnprocessableEntity, Forbidden, Conflict
-from module_build_service import glib
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
+from module_build_service.utils import (
+    to_text_type, deps_to_dict, mmd_to_str, load_mmd, load_mmd_file
+)
 
 
 def record_filtered_rpms(mmd):
@@ -80,9 +80,8 @@ def record_filtered_rpms(mmd):
 
         # Find out the particular NVR of filtered packages
         filtered_rpms = []
-        rpm_filter = req_mmd.get_rpm_filter()
-        if rpm_filter and rpm_filter.get():
-            rpm_filter = rpm_filter.get()
+        rpm_filter = req_mmd.get_rpm_filters()
+        if rpm_filter:
             built_nvrs = builder.get_built_rpms_in_module_build(req_mmd)
             for nvr in built_nvrs:
                 parsed_nvr = kobo.rpmlib.parse_nvr(nvr)
@@ -93,9 +92,9 @@ def record_filtered_rpms(mmd):
         new_buildrequires[req_name] = req_data
 
     # Replace the old buildrequires with new ones.
-    xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
     xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = new_buildrequires
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
     return mmd
 
 
@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
     Prepares the modulemd for the MBS. This does things such as replacing the
     branches of components with commit hashes and adding metadata in the xmd
     dictionary.
-    :param mmd: the Modulemd.Module object to format
+    :param mmd: the Modulemd.ModuleStream object to format
     :param scmurl: the url to the modulemd
     :param module: When specified together with `session`, the time_modified
         of a module is updated regularly in case this method takes lot of time.
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
     # them because of dep-chain.
     from module_build_service.scm import SCM
 
-    xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
     if "mbs" not in xmd:
         xmd["mbs"] = {}
     if "scmurl" not in xmd["mbs"]:
@@ -153,11 +152,12 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
 
         xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = full_scm_hash
 
-    if mmd.get_rpm_components() or mmd.get_module_components():
+    if mmd.get_rpm_component_names() or mmd.get_module_component_names():
         if "rpms" not in xmd["mbs"]:
             xmd["mbs"]["rpms"] = {}
         # Add missing data in RPM components
-        for pkgname, pkg in mmd.get_rpm_components().items():
+        for pkgname in mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
+            pkg = mmd.get_rpm_component(pkgname)
             # In case of resubmit of existing module which have been
             # cancelled/failed during the init state, the package
             # was maybe already handled by MBS, so skip it in this case.
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
             if pkg.get_cache() and not conf.rpms_allow_cache:
                 raise Forbidden(
                     "Custom component caches aren't allowed.  "
-                    "%r bears cache %r" % (pkgname, pkg.cache)
+                    "%r bears cache %r" % (pkgname, pkg.get_cache())
                 )
             if not pkg.get_repository():
                 pkg.set_repository(conf.rpms_default_repository + pkgname)
@@ -179,13 +179,13 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
                 pkg.set_cache(conf.rpms_default_cache + pkgname)
             if not pkg.get_ref():
                 pkg.set_ref("master")
-            if pkg.get_arches().size() == 0:
-                arches = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-                arches.set(conf.arches)
-                pkg.set_arches(arches)
+            if not pkg.get_arches():
+                for arch in conf.arches:
+                    pkg.add_restricted_arch(arch)
 
         # Add missing data in included modules components
-        for modname, mod in mmd.get_module_components().items():
+        for modname in mmd.get_module_component_names():
+            mod = mmd.get_module_component(modname)
             if mod.get_repository() and not conf.modules_allow_repository:
                 raise Forbidden(
                     "Custom module repositories aren't allowed.  "
@@ -203,8 +203,9 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
             # Filter out the packages which we have already resolved in possible
             # previous runs of this method (can be caused by module build resubmition).
             pkgs_to_resolve = [
-                pkg for pkg in mmd.get_rpm_components().values()
-                if pkg.get_name() not in xmd["mbs"]["rpms"]
+                mmd.get_rpm_component(name)
+                for name in mmd.get_rpm_component_names()
+                if name not in xmd["mbs"]["rpms"]
             ]
             async_result = pool.map_async(_scm_get_latest, pkgs_to_resolve)
 
@@ -232,14 +233,14 @@ def format_mmd(mmd, scmurl, module=None, session=None):
             raise UnprocessableEntity(err_msg)
 
     # Set the modified xmd back to the modulemd
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
 
 def get_prefixed_version(mmd):
     """
     Return the prefixed version of the module based on the buildrequired base module stream.
 
-    :param mmd: the Modulemd.Module object to format
+    :param mmd: the Modulemd.ModuleStream object to format
     :return: the prefixed version
     :rtype: int
     """
@@ -248,7 +249,6 @@ def get_prefixed_version(mmd):
 
     base_module_stream = None
     for base_module in conf.base_module_names:
-        # xmd is a GLib Variant and doesn't support .get() syntax
         try:
             base_module_stream = xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"].get(base_module, {}).get("stream")
             if base_module_stream:
@@ -298,14 +298,15 @@ def validate_mmd(mmd):
         allowed.
     :raise ValidationError: if the xmd has the "mbs" key set.
     """
-    for modname, mod in mmd.get_module_components().items():
+    for modname in mmd.get_module_component_names():
+        mod = mmd.get_module_component(modname)
         if mod.get_repository() and not conf.modules_allow_repository:
             raise Forbidden(
                 "Custom module repositories aren't allowed.  "
                 "%r bears repository %r" % (modname, mod.get_repository())
             )
 
-    name = mmd.get_name()
+    name = mmd.get_module_name()
     xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
     if "mbs" in xmd:
         allowed_to_mark_disttag = name in conf.allowed_disttag_marking_module_names
@@ -322,15 +323,15 @@ def merge_included_mmd(mmd, included_mmd):
     Merges two modulemds. This merges only metadata which are needed in
     the `main` when it includes another module defined by `included_mmd`
     """
-    included_xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(included_mmd.get_xmd())
+    included_xmd = included_mmd.get_xmd()
     if "rpms" in included_xmd["mbs"]:
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         if "rpms" not in xmd["mbs"]:
             xmd["mbs"]["rpms"] = included_xmd["mbs"]["rpms"]
         else:
             xmd["mbs"]["rpms"].update(included_xmd["mbs"]["rpms"])
     # Set the modified xmd back to the modulemd
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
 
 def get_module_srpm_overrides(module):
@@ -403,14 +404,19 @@ def record_component_builds(
     if main_mmd:
         # Check for components that are in both MMDs before merging since MBS
         # currently can't handle that situation.
+        main_mmd_rpms = main_mmd.get_rpm_component_names()
+        mmd_rpms = mmd.get_rpm_component_names()
         duplicate_components = [
-            rpm for rpm in main_mmd.get_rpm_components().keys() if rpm in mmd.get_rpm_components()
+            rpm for rpm in main_mmd_rpms
+            if rpm in mmd_rpms
         ]
         if duplicate_components:
             error_msg = (
                 'The included module "{0}" in "{1}" have the following '
                 "conflicting components: {2}".format(
-                    mmd.get_name(), main_mmd.get_name(), ", ".join(duplicate_components))
+                    mmd.get_module_name(), main_mmd.get_module_name(),
+                    ", ".join(duplicate_components)
+                )
             )
             raise UnprocessableEntity(error_msg)
         merge_included_mmd(main_mmd, mmd)
@@ -418,8 +424,14 @@ def record_component_builds(
         main_mmd = mmd
 
     # If the modulemd yaml specifies components, then submit them for build
-    rpm_components = mmd.get_rpm_components().values()
-    module_components = mmd.get_module_components().values()
+    rpm_components = [
+        mmd.get_rpm_component(name)
+        for name in mmd.get_rpm_component_names()
+    ]
+    module_components = [
+        mmd.get_module_component(name)
+        for name in mmd.get_module_component_names()
+    ]
     all_components = list(rpm_components) + list(module_components)
     if not all_components:
         return
@@ -478,7 +490,7 @@ def record_component_builds(
             ):
                 raise ValidationError(
                     "Module build %s already exists in database, but its attributes "
-                    " are different from resubmitted one." % component.get_name()
+                    " are different from resubmitted one." % component.get_module_name()
                 )
             continue
 
@@ -502,19 +514,23 @@ def submit_module_build_from_yaml(username, handle, params, stream=None, skiptes
     dt = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(int(time.time()))
     if hasattr(handle, "filename"):
         def_name = str(os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(handle.filename))[0])
-    elif not mmd.get_name():
+    elif not mmd.get_module_name():
         raise ValidationError(
             "The module's name was not present in the modulemd file. Please use the "
             '"module_name" parameter'
         )
     def_version = int(dt.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S"))
-    mmd.set_name(mmd.get_name() or def_name)
-    mmd.set_stream(stream or mmd.get_stream() or "master")
+    module_name = mmd.get_module_name() or def_name
+    module_stream = stream or mmd.get_stream_name() or "master"
+    if module_name != mmd.get_module_name() or module_stream != mmd.get_stream_name():
+        # This is how you set the name and stream in the modulemd
+        mmd = mmd.copy(module_name, module_stream)
     mmd.set_version(mmd.get_version() or def_version)
     if skiptests:
-        buildopts = mmd.get_rpm_buildopts()
-        buildopts["macros"] = buildopts.get("macros", "") + "\n\n%__spec_check_pre exit 0\n"
-        mmd.set_rpm_buildopts(buildopts)
+        buildopts = mmd.get_buildopts() or Modulemd.Buildopts()
+        macros = buildopts.get_rpm_macros() or ""
+        buildopts.set_rpm_macros(macros + "\n\n%__spec_check_pre exit 0\n")
+        mmd.set_buildopts(buildopts)
     return submit_module_build(username, mmd, params)
 
 
@@ -538,7 +554,7 @@ def _apply_dep_overrides(mmd, params):
     """
     Apply the dependency override parameters (if specified) on the input modulemd.
 
-    :param Modulemd.Module mmd: the modulemd to apply the overrides on
+    :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: the modulemd to apply the overrides on
     :param dict params: the API parameters passed in by the user
     :raises ValidationError: if one of the overrides doesn't apply
     """
@@ -594,18 +610,37 @@ def _apply_dep_overrides(mmd, params):
 
     deps = mmd.get_dependencies()
     for dep in deps:
+        overridden = False
+        new_dep = Modulemd.Dependencies()
         for dep_type, overrides in dep_overrides.items():
-            overridden = False
-            # Get the existing streams (e.g. dep.get_buildrequires())
-            reqs = getattr(dep, "get_" + dep_type)()
-            for name, streams in dep_overrides[dep_type].items():
-                if name in reqs:
-                    reqs[name].set(streams)
+            if dep_type == "buildrequires":
+                mmd_dep_type = "buildtime"
+            else:
+                mmd_dep_type = "runtime"
+            # Get the existing streams
+            reqs = deps_to_dict(dep, mmd_dep_type)
+            # Get the method to add a new stream for this dependency type
+            # (e.g. add_buildtime_stream)
+            add_func = getattr(new_dep, "add_{}_stream".format(mmd_dep_type))
+            add_empty_func = getattr(
+                new_dep, "set_empty_{}_dependencies_for_module".format(mmd_dep_type))
+            for name, streams in reqs.items():
+                if name in dep_overrides[dep_type]:
+                    streams_to_add = dep_overrides[dep_type][name]
                     unused_dep_overrides[dep_type].remove(name)
                     overridden = True
-            if overridden:
-                # Set the overridden streams (e.g. dep.set_buildrequires(reqs))
-                getattr(dep, "set_" + dep_type)(reqs)
+                else:
+                    streams_to_add = reqs[name]
+
+                if streams_to_add == []:
+                    add_empty_func(name)
+                else:
+                    for stream in streams_to_add:
+                        add_func(name, stream)
+        if overridden:
+            # Set the overridden streams
+            mmd.remove_dependencies(dep)
+            mmd.add_dependencies(new_dep)
 
     for dep_type in unused_dep_overrides.keys():
         # If a stream override was applied from parsing the branch and it wasn't applicable,
@@ -618,28 +653,33 @@ def _apply_dep_overrides(mmd, params):
                     dep_type[:-1], ", ".join(sorted(unused_dep_overrides[dep_type])))
             )
 
-    mmd.set_dependencies(deps)
-
 
 def _handle_base_module_virtual_stream_br(mmd):
     """
     Translate a base module virtual stream buildrequire to an actual stream on the input modulemd.
 
-    :param Modulemd.Module mmd: the modulemd to apply the overrides on
+    :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: the modulemd to apply the overrides on
     """
     from module_build_service.resolver import system_resolver
 
-    overridden = False
     deps = mmd.get_dependencies()
     for dep in deps:
-        brs = dep.get_buildrequires()
+        overridden = False
+        brs = deps_to_dict(dep, "buildtime")
+        # There is no way to replace streams, so create a new Dependencies object that will end up
+        # being a copy, but with the streams replaced if a virtual stream is detected
+        new_dep = Modulemd.Dependencies()
 
-        for base_module in conf.base_module_names:
-            if base_module not in brs:
+        for name, streams in brs.items():
+            if name not in conf.base_module_names:
+                if streams == []:
+                    new_dep.set_empty_buildtime_dependencies_for_module(name)
+                else:
+                    for stream in streams:
+                        new_dep.add_buildtime_stream(name, stream)
                 continue
 
-            streams = list(brs[base_module].get())
-            new_streams = copy.copy(streams)
+            new_streams = copy.deepcopy(streams)
             for i, stream in enumerate(streams):
                 # Ignore streams that start with a minus sign, since those are handled in the
                 # MSE code
@@ -647,45 +687,54 @@ def _handle_base_module_virtual_stream_br(mmd):
                     continue
 
                 # Check if the base module stream is available
-                log.debug(
-                    'Checking to see if the base module "%s:%s" is available', base_module, stream)
-                if system_resolver.get_module_count(name=base_module, stream=stream) > 0:
+                log.debug('Checking to see if the base module "%s:%s" is available', name, stream)
+                if system_resolver.get_module_count(name=name, stream=stream) > 0:
                     continue
 
                 # If the base module stream is not available, check if there's a virtual stream
                 log.debug(
                     'Checking to see if there is a base module "%s" with the virtual stream "%s"',
-                    base_module, stream,
+                    name, stream,
                 )
                 base_module_mmd = system_resolver.get_latest_with_virtual_stream(
-                    name=base_module, virtual_stream=stream
+                    name=name, virtual_stream=stream
                 )
                 if not base_module_mmd:
                     # If there isn't this base module stream or virtual stream available, skip it,
                     # and let the dep solving code deal with it like it normally would
                     log.warning(
                         'There is no base module "%s" with stream/virtual stream "%s"',
-                        base_module, stream,
+                        name, stream,
                     )
                     continue
 
-                latest_stream = base_module_mmd.get_stream()
+                latest_stream = base_module_mmd.get_stream_name()
                 log.info(
                     'Replacing the buildrequire "%s:%s" with "%s:%s", since "%s" is a virtual '
                     "stream",
-                    base_module, stream, base_module, latest_stream, stream
+                    name, stream, name, latest_stream, stream
                 )
                 new_streams[i] = latest_stream
                 overridden = True
 
-            if streams != new_streams:
-                brs[base_module].set(new_streams)
+            if new_streams == []:
+                new_dep.set_empty_buildtime_dependencies_for_module(name)
+            else:
+                for stream in new_streams:
+                    new_dep.add_buildtime_stream(name, stream)
 
         if overridden:
-            dep.set_buildrequires(brs)
-
-    if overridden:
-        mmd.set_dependencies(deps)
+            # Copy the runtime streams as is
+            reqs = deps_to_dict(dep, "runtime")
+            for name, streams in reqs.items():
+                if streams == []:
+                    new_dep.set_empty_runtime_dependencies_for_module(name)
+                else:
+                    for stream in streams:
+                        new_dep.add_runtime_stream(name, stream)
+            # Replace the old Dependencies object with the new one with the overrides
+            mmd.remove_dependencies(dep)
+            mmd.add_dependencies(new_dep)
 
 
 def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
@@ -693,7 +742,7 @@ def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
     Submits new module build.
 
     :param str username: Username of the build's owner.
-    :param Modulemd.Module mmd: Modulemd defining the build.
+    :param Modulemd.ModuleStream mmd: Modulemd defining the build.
     :param dict params: the API parameters passed in by the user
     :rtype: list with ModuleBuild
     :return: List with submitted module builds.
@@ -704,8 +753,8 @@ def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
     log.debug(
         "Submitted %s module build for %s:%s:%s",
         ("scratch" if params.get("scratch", False) else "normal"),
-        mmd.get_name(),
-        mmd.get_stream(),
+        mmd.get_module_name(),
+        mmd.get_stream_name(),
         mmd.get_version(),
     )
     validate_mmd(mmd)
@@ -739,12 +788,10 @@ def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
         # Prefix the version of the modulemd based on the base module it buildrequires
         version = get_prefixed_version(mmd)
         mmd.set_version(version)
-        version_str = str(version)
-        nsvc = ":".join([mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), version_str, mmd.get_context()])
+        nsvc = mmd.get_nsvc()
 
         log.debug("Checking whether module build already exists: %s.", nsvc)
-        module = models.ModuleBuild.get_build_from_nsvc(
-            db.session, mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), version_str, mmd.get_context())
+        module = models.ModuleBuild.get_build_from_nsvc(db.session, *nsvc.split(":"))
         if module and not params.get("scratch", False):
             if module.state != models.BUILD_STATES["failed"]:
                 log.info(
@@ -783,7 +830,7 @@ def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
             if params.get("scratch", False):
                 log.debug("Checking for existing scratch module builds by NSVC")
                 scrmods = models.ModuleBuild.get_scratch_builds_from_nsvc(
-                    db.session, mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), version_str, mmd.get_context())
+                    db.session, *nsvc.split(":"))
                 scrmod_contexts = [scrmod.context for scrmod in scrmods]
                 log.debug(
                     "Found %d previous scratch module build context(s): %s",
@@ -792,14 +839,15 @@ def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
                 # append incrementing counter to context
                 context_suffix = "_" + str(len(scrmods) + 1)
                 mmd.set_context(mmd.get_context() + context_suffix)
+
             log.debug("Creating new module build")
             module = models.ModuleBuild.create(
                 db.session,
                 conf,
-                name=mmd.get_name(),
-                stream=mmd.get_stream(),
-                version=version_str,
-                modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+                name=mmd.get_module_name(),
+                stream=mmd.get_stream_name(),
+                version=str(mmd.get_version()),
+                modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
                 scmurl=params.get("scmurl"),
                 username=username,
                 rebuild_strategy=params.get("rebuild_strategy"),
@@ -818,10 +866,7 @@ def submit_module_build(username, mmd, params):
         db.session.add(module)
         db.session.commit()
         modules.append(module)
-        log.info(
-            "%s submitted build of %s, stream=%s, version=%s, context=%s",
-            username, mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream(), version_str, mmd.get_context()
-        )
+        log.info('The user "%s" submitted the build "%s"', username, nsvc)
 
     if all_modules_skipped:
         err_msg = (
@@ -891,23 +936,27 @@ def _fetch_mmd(url, branch=None, allow_local_url=False, whitelist_url=False, man
 
     # If the name was set in the modulemd, make sure it matches what the scmurl
     # says it should be
-    if mmd.get_name() and mmd.get_name() != scm.name:
+    if mmd.get_module_name() and mmd.get_module_name() != scm.name:
         if not conf.allow_name_override_from_scm:
             raise ValidationError(
-                'The name "{0}" that is stored in the modulemd is not valid'.format(mmd.get_name()))
+                'The name "{0}" that is stored in the modulemd is not valid'
+                .format(mmd.get_module_name())
+            )
     else:
-        mmd.set_name(scm.name)
+        # Set the module name
+        mmd = mmd.copy(scm.name)
 
     # If the stream was set in the modulemd, make sure it matches what the repo
     # branch is
-    if mmd.get_stream() and mmd.get_stream() != scm.branch:
+    if mmd.get_stream_name() and mmd.get_stream_name() != scm.branch:
         if not conf.allow_stream_override_from_scm:
             raise ValidationError(
                 'The stream "{0}" that is stored in the modulemd does not match the branch "{1}"'
-                .format(mmd.get_stream(), scm.branch)
+                .format(mmd.get_stream_name(), scm.branch)
             )
     else:
-        mmd.set_stream(scm.branch)
+        # Set the module stream
+        mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name(), scm.branch)
 
     # If the version is in the modulemd, throw an exception since the version
     # since the version is generated by MBS
@@ -922,36 +971,6 @@ def _fetch_mmd(url, branch=None, allow_local_url=False, whitelist_url=False, man
     return mmd, scm
 
 
-def load_mmd(yaml, is_file=False):
-    try:
-        if is_file:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(yaml)
-        else:
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_string(yaml)
-        # If the modulemd was v1, it will be upgraded to v2
-        mmd.upgrade()
-    except Exception:
-        if is_file:
-            error = "The modulemd {} is invalid. Please verify the syntax is correct".format(
-                os.path.basename(yaml))
-            if os.path.exists(yaml):
-                with open(yaml, "rt") as yaml_hdl:
-                    log.debug("Modulemd content:\n%s", yaml_hdl.read())
-            else:
-                error = "The modulemd file {} not found!".format(os.path.basename(yaml))
-                log.error("The modulemd file %s not found!", yaml)
-        else:
-            error = "The modulemd is invalid. Please verify the syntax is correct."
-            log.debug("Modulemd content:\n%s", yaml)
-        log.exception(error)
-        raise UnprocessableEntity(error)
-
-    return mmd
-
-
-load_mmd_file = partial(load_mmd, is_file=True)
-
-
 def load_local_builds(local_build_nsvs, session=None):
     """
     Loads previously finished local module builds from conf.mock_resultsdir
@@ -1025,11 +1044,11 @@ def load_local_builds(local_build_nsvs, session=None):
         module = models.ModuleBuild.create(
             session,
             conf,
-            name=mmd.get_name(),
-            stream=mmd.get_stream(),
+            name=mmd.get_module_name(),
+            stream=mmd.get_stream_name(),
             version=str(mmd.get_version()),
             context=mmd.get_context(),
-            modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+            modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
             scmurl="",
             username="mbs",
             publish_msg=False,
diff --git a/module_build_service/utils/ursine.py b/module_build_service/utils/ursine.py
index da23131a..7806de21 100644
--- a/module_build_service/utils/ursine.py
+++ b/module_build_service/utils/ursine.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 import re
 
-from module_build_service import conf, log, glib
+from module_build_service import conf, log
 from module_build_service.resolver import system_resolver
 
 
@@ -170,15 +170,15 @@ def find_stream_collision_modules(buildrequired_modules, koji_tag):
         return []
 
     collision_modules = [
-        item.dup_nsvc()
+        item.get_nsvc()
         for item in ursine_modulemds
         # If some module in the ursine content is one of the buildrequires but has
         # different stream, that is what we want to record here, whose RPMs will be
         # excluded from buildroot by adding them into SRPM module-build-macros as
         # Conflicts.
         if (
-            item.get_name() in buildrequired_modules
-            and item.get_stream() != buildrequired_modules[item.get_name()]["stream"]
+            item.get_module_name() in buildrequired_modules
+            and item.get_stream_name() != buildrequired_modules[item.get_module_name()]["stream"]
         )
     ]
 
@@ -216,8 +216,8 @@ def handle_stream_collision_modules(mmd):
     :type mmd: Modulemd.Module
     """
     log.info("Start to find out stream collision modules.")
-    unpacked_xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
-    buildrequires = unpacked_xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]
+    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
+    buildrequires = xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]
 
     for module_name in conf.base_module_names:
         base_module_info = buildrequires.get(module_name)
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def handle_stream_collision_modules(mmd):
             log.info(
                 "Base module %s is not a buildrequire of module %s. "
                 "Skip handling module stream collision for this base module.",
-                module_name, mmd.get_name(),
+                module_name, mmd.get_module_name(),
             )
             continue
 
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ def handle_stream_collision_modules(mmd):
             base_module_info["stream_collision_modules"] = None
             base_module_info["ursine_rpms"] = None
 
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(unpacked_xmd))
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
 
 def find_module_built_rpms(modules_nsvc):
diff --git a/test-requirements.txt b/test-requirements.txt
index 8d8a1011..799775d5 100644
--- a/test-requirements.txt
+++ b/test-requirements.txt
@@ -4,4 +4,3 @@ mock
 pytest
 flake8
 tox
-pyyaml
diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py
index 5eee705e..5dccef91 100644
--- a/tests/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/__init__.py
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type, load_mmd_file
 import koji
 import module_build_service
 from module_build_service import db
-from module_build_service.utils import get_rpm_release, import_mmd
+from module_build_service.utils import get_rpm_release, import_mmd, mmd_to_str
 from module_build_service.config import init_config
 from module_build_service.models import (
     ModuleBuild, ComponentBuild, VirtualStream, make_session, BUILD_STATES,
 )
-from module_build_service import glib, Modulemd
+from module_build_service import Modulemd
 
 
 base_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
@@ -126,19 +126,17 @@ def init_data(data_size=10, contexts=False, multiple_stream_versions=False, scra
     if multiple_stream_versions:
         mmd = load_mmd_file(os.path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
         for stream in ["f28.0.0", "f29.0.0", "f29.1.0", "f29.2.0"]:
-            mmd.set_name("platform")
-            mmd.set_stream(stream)
+            mmd = mmd.copy("platform", stream)
 
             # Set the virtual_streams based on "fXY" to mark the platform streams
             # with the same major stream_version compatible.
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             xmd["mbs"]["virtual_streams"] = [stream[:3]]
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
             import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
 
             # Just to possibly confuse tests by adding another base module.
-            mmd.set_name("bootstrap")
-            mmd.set_stream(stream)
+            mmd = mmd.copy("bootstrap", stream)
             import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
     with make_session(conf) as session:
         _populate_data(session, data_size, contexts=contexts, scratch=scratch)
@@ -327,7 +325,7 @@ def scheduler_init_data(tangerine_state=None, scratch=False):
     formatted_testmodule_yml_path = os.path.join(
         current_dir, "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml")
     mmd = load_mmd_file(formatted_testmodule_yml_path)
-    mmd.get_rpm_components()["tangerine"].set_buildorder(0)
+    mmd.get_rpm_component("tangerine").set_buildorder(0)
 
     platform_br = module_build_service.models.ModuleBuild.query.get(1)
 
@@ -350,7 +348,7 @@ def scheduler_init_data(tangerine_state=None, scratch=False):
         time_submitted=datetime(2017, 2, 15, 16, 8, 18),
         time_modified=datetime(2017, 2, 15, 16, 19, 35),
         rebuild_strategy="changed-and-after",
-        modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+        modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
     )
 
     module_build.buildrequires.append(platform_br)
@@ -450,11 +448,11 @@ def reuse_component_init_data():
     build_one_component_release = get_rpm_release(build_one)
 
     mmd.set_version(int(build_one.version))
-    xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
     xmd["mbs"]["scmurl"] = build_one.scmurl
     xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = "ff1ea79fc952143efeed1851aa0aa006559239ba"
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-    build_one.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+    build_one.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
     build_one.buildrequires.append(platform_br)
 
     build_one.component_builds.extend([
@@ -532,11 +530,11 @@ def reuse_component_init_data():
     build_two_component_release = get_rpm_release(build_two)
 
     mmd.set_version(int(build_one.version))
-    xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+    xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
     xmd["mbs"]["scmurl"] = build_one.scmurl
     xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = "55f4a0a2e6cc255c88712a905157ab39315b8fd8"
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-    build_two.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+    build_two.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
     build_two.buildrequires.append(platform_br)
 
     build_two.component_builds.extend([
@@ -597,13 +595,13 @@ def reuse_shared_userspace_init_data():
         mmd = load_mmd_file(formatted_testmodule_yml_path)
 
         module_build = module_build_service.models.ModuleBuild(
-            name=mmd.get_name(),
-            stream=mmd.get_stream(),
+            name=mmd.get_module_name(),
+            stream=mmd.get_stream_name(),
             version=mmd.get_version(),
             build_context="e046b867a400a06a3571f3c71142d497895fefbe",
             runtime_context="50dd3eb5dde600d072e45d4120e1548ce66bc94a",
             state=BUILD_STATES["ready"],
-            modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+            modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
             koji_tag="module-shared-userspace-f26-20170601141014-75f92abb",
             scmurl="https://src.stg.fedoraproject.org/modules/testmodule.git?#7fea453",
             batch=16,
@@ -614,7 +612,10 @@ def reuse_shared_userspace_init_data():
             rebuild_strategy="changed-and-after",
         )
 
-        components = list(mmd.get_rpm_components().values())
+        components = [
+            mmd.get_rpm_component(rpm)
+            for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_component_names()
+        ]
         components.sort(key=lambda x: x.get_buildorder())
         previous_buildorder = None
         batch = 1
@@ -650,13 +651,13 @@ def reuse_shared_userspace_init_data():
         mmd2 = load_mmd_file(formatted_testmodule_yml_path)
 
         module_build = module_build_service.models.ModuleBuild(
-            name=mmd2.get_name(),
-            stream=mmd2.get_stream(),
+            name=mmd2.get_module_name(),
+            stream=mmd2.get_stream_name(),
             version=mmd2.get_version(),
             build_context="e046b867a400a06a3571f3c71142d497895fefbe",
             runtime_context="50dd3eb5dde600d072e45d4120e1548ce66bc94a",
             state=BUILD_STATES["done"],
-            modulemd=to_text_type(mmd2.dumps()),
+            modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd2),
             koji_tag="module-shared-userspace-f26-20170605091544-75f92abb",
             scmurl="https://src.stg.fedoraproject.org/modules/testmodule.git?#7fea453",
             batch=0,
@@ -667,7 +668,10 @@ def reuse_shared_userspace_init_data():
             rebuild_strategy="changed-and-after",
         )
 
-        components2 = list(mmd2.get_rpm_components().values())
+        components2 = [
+            mmd2.get_rpm_component(rpm)
+            for rpm in mmd2.get_rpm_component_names()
+        ]
         # Store components to database in different order than for 570 to
         # reproduce the reusing issue.
         components2.sort(key=lambda x: len(x.get_name()))
@@ -725,23 +729,17 @@ def make_module(
     :rtype: ModuleBuild or Modulemd.Module
     """
     name, stream, version, context = nsvc.split(":")
-    mmd = Modulemd.Module()
-    mmd.set_mdversion(2)
-    mmd.set_name(name)
-    mmd.set_stream(stream)
+    mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStreamV2.new(name, stream)
     mmd.set_version(int(version))
     mmd.set_context(context)
     mmd.set_summary("foo")
     # Test unicode in mmd.
     mmd.set_description(u"foo \u2019s")
-    licenses = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-    licenses.add("GPL")
-    mmd.set_module_licenses(licenses)
+    mmd.add_module_license("GPL")
 
     if filtered_rpms:
-        rpm_filter_set = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        rpm_filter_set.set(filtered_rpms)
-        mmd.set_rpm_filter(rpm_filter_set)
+        for rpm in filtered_rpms:
+            mmd.add_rpm_filter(rpm)
 
     if requires_list is not None and build_requires_list is not None:
         if not isinstance(requires_list, list):
@@ -749,15 +747,23 @@ def make_module(
         if not isinstance(build_requires_list, list):
             build_requires_list = [build_requires_list]
 
-        deps_list = []
         for requires, build_requires in zip(requires_list, build_requires_list):
             deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
             for req_name, req_streams in requires.items():
-                deps.add_requires(req_name, req_streams)
+                if req_streams == []:
+                    deps.set_empty_runtime_dependencies_for_module(req_name)
+                else:
+                    for req_stream in req_streams:
+                        deps.add_runtime_stream(req_name, req_stream)
+
             for req_name, req_streams in build_requires.items():
-                deps.add_buildrequires(req_name, req_streams)
-            deps_list.append(deps)
-        mmd.set_dependencies(deps_list)
+                if req_streams == []:
+                    deps.set_empty_buildtime_dependencies_for_module(req_name)
+                else:
+                    for req_stream in req_streams:
+                        deps.add_buildtime_stream(req_name, req_stream)
+
+            mmd.add_dependencies(deps)
 
     # Caller could pass whole xmd including mbs, but if something is missing,
     # default values are given here.
@@ -775,7 +781,7 @@ def make_module(
     if virtual_streams:
         xmd_mbs["virtual_streams"] = virtual_streams
 
-    mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+    mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
     if not store_to_db:
         return mmd
@@ -795,7 +801,7 @@ def make_module(
         rebuild_strategy="changed-and-after",
         build_context=context,
         runtime_context=context,
-        modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+        modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
         koji_tag=xmd["mbs"]["koji_tag"] if "koji_tag" in xmd["mbs"] else None,
     )
     if base_module:
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 829f5446..44264783 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -18,29 +18,25 @@
 # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 # SOFTWARE.
 #
-# Written by Matt Prahl <mprahl@redhat.com>
 import os
 
 import pytest
 
-from module_build_service import Modulemd
+from module_build_service.utils.general import load_mmd_file, mmd_to_str
 
 
 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
 STAGED_DATA_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "staged_data")
 
-_mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(os.path.join(STAGED_DATA_DIR, "platform.yaml"))
-_mmd.upgrade()
-PLATFORM_MODULEMD = _mmd.dumps()
+_mmd = load_mmd_file(os.path.join(STAGED_DATA_DIR, "platform.yaml"))
+PLATFORM_MODULEMD = mmd_to_str(_mmd)
 
-_mmd2 = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(os.path.join(STAGED_DATA_DIR, "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
-_mmd2.upgrade()
-TESTMODULE_MODULEMD = _mmd2.dumps()
+_mmd2 = load_mmd_file(os.path.join(STAGED_DATA_DIR, "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
+TESTMODULE_MODULEMD = mmd_to_str(_mmd2)
 
-_mmd3 = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(os.path.join(STAGED_DATA_DIR, "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
-_mmd3.upgrade()
+_mmd3 = load_mmd_file(os.path.join(STAGED_DATA_DIR, "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
 _mmd3.set_context("c2c572ed")
-TESTMODULE_MODULEMD_SECOND_CONTEXT = _mmd3.dumps()
+TESTMODULE_MODULEMD_SECOND_CONTEXT = mmd_to_str(_mmd3)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
diff --git a/tests/test_builder/test_koji.py b/tests/test_builder/test_koji.py
index dcfb4ec5..1b57eef1 100644
--- a/tests/test_builder/test_koji.py
+++ b/tests/test_builder/test_koji.py
@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ import koji
 
 import six.moves.xmlrpc_client as xmlrpclib
 from collections import OrderedDict
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
 
 import module_build_service.messaging
 import module_build_service.scheduler.handlers.repos
 import module_build_service.models
 import module_build_service.builder
-from module_build_service import glib, db
+from module_build_service import Modulemd, db
+from module_build_service.utils.general import mmd_to_str
 
 import pytest
 from mock import patch, MagicMock
@@ -276,10 +276,10 @@ class TestKojiBuilder:
         """
         if blocklist:
             mmd = self.module.mmd()
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             xmd["mbs_options"] = {"blocked_packages": ["foo", "bar", "new"]}
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-            self.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            self.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
         builder = FakeKojiModuleBuilder(
             owner=self.module.owner,
@@ -473,35 +473,36 @@ class TestKojiBuilder:
     ):
         if blocklist:
             mmd = self.module.mmd()
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             xmd["mbs_options"] = {"blocked_packages": ["foo", "nginx"]}
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-            self.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            self.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
         if custom_whitelist:
             mmd = self.module.mmd()
-            opts = mmd.get_buildopts()
-            opts.set_rpm_whitelist(["custom1", "custom2"])
+            opts = Modulemd.Buildopts()
+            opts.add_rpm_to_whitelist("custom1")
+            opts.add_rpm_to_whitelist("custom2")
             mmd.set_buildopts(opts)
-            self.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            self.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
         if repo_include_all is False:
             mmd = self.module.mmd()
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             mbs_options = xmd["mbs_options"] if "mbs_options" in xmd.keys() else {}
             mbs_options["repo_include_all"] = False
             xmd["mbs_options"] = mbs_options
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-            self.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            self.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
         if override_arches:
             mmd = self.module.mmd()
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             mbs_options = xmd["mbs"] if "mbs" in xmd.keys() else {}
             mbs_options["buildrequires"] = {"platform": {"stream": "xx"}}
             xmd["mbs"] = mbs_options
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-            self.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            self.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
         builder = FakeKojiModuleBuilder(
             owner=self.module.owner,
@@ -579,10 +580,10 @@ class TestKojiBuilder:
     def test_buildroot_connect_create_tag(self, blocklist):
         if blocklist:
             mmd = self.module.mmd()
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             xmd["mbs_options"] = {"blocked_packages": ["foo", "nginx"]}
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-            self.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            self.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
         builder = FakeKojiModuleBuilder(
             owner=self.module.owner,
@@ -682,8 +683,8 @@ class TestKojiBuilder:
         # the module's name/stream/version/context does not have to match it.
         # But for this test, we need it to match.
         mmd = self.module.mmd()
-        self.module.name = mmd.get_name()
-        self.module.stream = mmd.get_stream()
+        self.module.name = mmd.get_module_name()
+        self.module.stream = mmd.get_stream_name()
         self.module.version = mmd.get_version()
         self.module.context = mmd.get_context()
         db.session.commit()
diff --git a/tests/test_builder/test_mock.py b/tests/test_builder/test_mock.py
index 4ad0a4a1..6e6f6039 100644
--- a/tests/test_builder/test_mock.py
+++ b/tests/test_builder/test_mock.py
@@ -4,15 +4,13 @@ import koji
 import tempfile
 import shutil
 from textwrap import dedent
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
 
 import kobo.rpmlib
 
 from module_build_service import conf, db
 from module_build_service.models import ModuleBuild, ComponentBuild, make_session
 from module_build_service.builder.MockModuleBuilder import MockModuleBuilder
-from module_build_service import glib, Modulemd
-from module_build_service.utils import import_fake_base_module
+from module_build_service.utils import import_fake_base_module, load_mmd_file, mmd_to_str
 from tests import clean_database, make_module
 
 
@@ -52,10 +50,11 @@ class TestMockModuleBuilder:
         ]
 
         base_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(
             os.path.join(base_dir, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule-with-filters.yaml"))
-        mmd.upgrade()
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values({
+        # Set the name and stream
+        mmd = mmd.copy("mbs-testmodule", "test")
+        mmd.set_xmd({
             "mbs": {
                 "rpms": {
                     "ed": {"ref": "01bf8330812fea798671925cc537f2f29b0bd216"},
@@ -89,14 +88,14 @@ class TestMockModuleBuilder:
                     }
                 },
             }
-        }))
+        })
         module = ModuleBuild.create(
             session,
             conf,
             name="mbs-testmodule",
             stream="test",
             version="20171027111452",
-            modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+            modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
             scmurl="file:///testdir",
             username="test",
         )
diff --git a/tests/test_content_generator.py b/tests/test_content_generator.py
index 6bcd2a0c..62417af5 100644
--- a/tests/test_content_generator.py
+++ b/tests/test_content_generator.py
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ import json
 
 import os
 from os import path
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
 
 import module_build_service.messaging
 import module_build_service.scheduler.handlers.repos  # noqa
-from module_build_service import models, conf, build_logs, Modulemd, glib
+from module_build_service import models, conf, build_logs, Modulemd
+from module_build_service.utils.general import mmd_to_str
 
 from mock import patch, Mock, call, mock_open
 import kobo.rpmlib
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class TestBuild:
 
     @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiModuleBuilder.KojiClientSession")
     @patch("subprocess.Popen")
-    @patch("subprocess.check_output", return_value="1.4")
+    @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiContentGenerator.Modulemd")
     @patch("pkg_resources.get_distribution")
     @patch("platform.linux_distribution")
     @patch("platform.machine")
@@ -104,9 +104,10 @@ class TestBuild:
     )
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("devel", (False, True))
     def test_get_generator_json(
-        self, rpms_in_tag, machine, distro, pkg_res, coutput, popen, ClientSession, devel
+        self, rpms_in_tag, machine, distro, pkg_res, mock_Modulemd, popen, ClientSession, devel
     ):
         """ Test generation of content generator json """
+        mock_Modulemd.get_version.return_value = "2.3.1"
         koji_session = ClientSession.return_value
         koji_session.getUser.return_value = GET_USER_RV
         koji_session.getTag.return_value = {"arches": ""}
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ class TestBuild:
 
     @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiModuleBuilder.KojiClientSession")
     @patch("subprocess.Popen")
-    @patch("subprocess.check_output", return_value="1.4")
+    @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiContentGenerator.Modulemd")
     @patch("pkg_resources.get_distribution")
     @patch("platform.linux_distribution")
     @patch("platform.machine")
@@ -162,9 +163,10 @@ class TestBuild:
         "module_build_service.builder.KojiContentGenerator.KojiContentGenerator._koji_rpms_in_tag"
     )
     def test_get_generator_json_no_log(
-        self, rpms_in_tag, machine, distro, pkg_res, coutput, popen, ClientSession
+        self, rpms_in_tag, machine, distro, pkg_res, mock_Modulemd, popen, ClientSession
     ):
         """ Test generation of content generator json """
+        mock_Modulemd.get_version.return_value = "2.3.1"
         koji_session = ClientSession.return_value
         koji_session.getUser.return_value = GET_USER_RV
         koji_session.getTag.return_value = {"arches": ""}
@@ -212,10 +214,10 @@ class TestBuild:
             assert len(mmd.read()) == 1136
 
         with io.open(path.join(dir_path, "modulemd.x86_64.txt"), encoding="utf-8") as mmd:
-            assert len(mmd.read()) == 259
+            assert len(mmd.read()) == 236
 
         with io.open(path.join(dir_path, "modulemd.i686.txt"), encoding="utf-8") as mmd:
-            assert len(mmd.read()) == 257
+            assert len(mmd.read()) == 234
 
     @patch.dict("sys.modules", krbV=Mock())
     @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiModuleBuilder.KojiClientSession")
@@ -300,10 +302,8 @@ class TestBuild:
     @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiContentGenerator.open", create=True)
     def test_get_arch_mmd_output_components(self, patched_open):
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
-        rpm_artifacts = mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()
-        rpm_artifacts.add("dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64")
-        mmd.set_rpm_artifacts(rpm_artifacts)
-        mmd_data = to_text_type(mmd.dumps()).encode("utf-8")
+        mmd.add_rpm_artifact("dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64")
+        mmd_data = mmd_to_str(mmd).encode("utf-8")
 
         patched_open.return_value = mock_open(read_data=mmd_data).return_value
 
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         assert ret == {
             "arch": "x86_64",
             "buildroot_id": 1,
-            "checksum": "502e46889affec24d98a281289104d4d",
+            "checksum": "bb6ba47519b68aee215d095fd2c57c70",
             "checksum_type": "md5",
             "components": [
                 {
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ class TestBuild:
             ],
             "extra": {"typeinfo": {"module": {}}},
             "filename": "modulemd.x86_64.txt",
-            "filesize": 319,
+            "filesize": 296,
             "type": "file",
         }
 
@@ -557,20 +557,17 @@ class TestBuild:
         self.cg.rpms_dict[nevra] = parsed_nevra
 
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
-        if srpm_name not in mmd.get_rpm_components().keys():
-            component = Modulemd.ComponentRpm()
-            component.set_name(srpm_name)
+        if srpm_name not in mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
+            component = Modulemd.ComponentRpm.new(srpm_name)
             component.set_rationale("foo")
 
             if multilib:
-                multilib_set = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
                 for arch in multilib:
-                    multilib_set.add(arch)
-                component.set_multilib(multilib_set)
+                    component.add_multilib_arch(arch)
 
-            mmd.add_rpm_component(component)
-            self.cg.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
-            self.cg.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.add_component(component)
+            self.cg.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
+            self.cg.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("devel", (False, True))
     def test_fill_in_rpms_list(self, devel):
@@ -609,7 +606,7 @@ class TestBuild:
 
         if not devel:
             # Only x86_64 packages should be filled in, because we requested x86_64 arch.
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "dhcp-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
                 "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
@@ -618,7 +615,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         else:
             # The i686 packages are filtered out in normal packages, because multilib
             # is not enabled for them - therefore we want to include them in -devel.
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.i686",
                 "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.i686",
             ])
@@ -646,7 +643,7 @@ class TestBuild:
 
         # Only dhcp-libs should be filled in, because perl-Tangerine has different
         # exclusivearch.
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set(
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set(
             ["dhcp-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src", "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.noarch"])
 
     def test_fill_in_rpms_excludearch(self):
@@ -671,7 +668,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
         # Only perl-Tangerine should be filled in, because dhcp-libs is excluded from x86_64.
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
             "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
             "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.noarch",
         ])
@@ -712,7 +709,9 @@ class TestBuild:
         self.cg.devel = devel
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
         opts = mmd.get_buildopts()
-        opts.set_rpm_whitelist(["python27-dhcp"])
+        if not opts:
+            opts = Modulemd.Buildopts()
+        opts.add_rpm_to_whitelist("python27-dhcp")
         mmd.set_buildopts(opts)
 
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
@@ -720,12 +719,12 @@ class TestBuild:
         if not devel:
             # Only x86_64 dhcp-libs should be filled in, because only python27-dhcp is whitelisted
             # srpm name.
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "python27-dhcp-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
                 "python27-dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
             ])
         else:
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "python27-dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.i686",
                 "foo-perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
                 "foo-perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
@@ -787,22 +786,22 @@ class TestBuild:
 
         self.cg.devel = devel
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
-        filter_list = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        filter_list.add("dhcp-libs")
-        mmd.set_rpm_filter(filter_list)
+        for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_filters():
+            mmd.remove_rpm_filter(rpm)
+        mmd.add_rpm_filter("dhcp-libs")
 
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
         if not devel:
             # Only x86_64 perl-Tangerine should be filled in, because dhcp-libs is filtered out.
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
                 "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
                 "perl-Tangerine-debuginfo-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
                 "perl-Tangerine-debugsource-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
             ])
         else:
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "dhcp-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
                 "dhcp-libs-debuginfo-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
@@ -855,7 +854,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         if not devel:
             # Only i686 package for dhcp-libs should be added, because perl-Tangerine does not have
             # multilib set.
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.i686",
@@ -863,7 +862,7 @@ class TestBuild:
                 "perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.x86_64",
             ])
         else:
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set(
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set(
                 ["perl-Tangerine-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.i686"])
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -898,7 +897,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
         # Only x86_64 packages should be filled in, because we requested x86_64 arch.
-        assert set(mmd.get_content_licenses().get()) == set(expected)
+        assert set(mmd.get_content_licenses()) == set(expected)
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("devel", (False, True))
     def test_fill_in_rpms_list_noarch_filtering_not_influenced_by_multilib(self, devel):
@@ -923,25 +922,25 @@ class TestBuild:
         if not devel:
             # Only i686 package for dhcp-libs should be added, because perl-Tangerine does not have
             # multilib set. The "dhcp" SRPM should be also included.
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
                 "dhcp-libs-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.noarch",
                 "dhcp-12:4.3.5-5.module_2118aef6.src",
             ])
         else:
-            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([])
+            assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([])
 
     def test_sanitize_mmd(self):
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
-        component = Modulemd.ComponentRpm()
-        component.set_name("foo")
+        component = Modulemd.ComponentRpm.new("foo")
         component.set_rationale("foo")
         component.set_repository("http://private.tld/foo.git")
         component.set_cache("http://private.tld/cache")
-        mmd.add_rpm_component(component)
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values({"mbs": {"buildrequires": []}}))
+        mmd.add_component(component)
+        mmd.set_xmd({"mbs": {"buildrequires": []}})
         mmd = self.cg._sanitize_mmd(mmd)
 
-        for pkg in mmd.get_rpm_components().values():
+        for pkg_name in mmd.get_rpm_component_names():
+            pkg = mmd.get_rpm_component(pkg_name)
             assert pkg.get_repository() is None
             assert pkg.get_cache() is None
 
@@ -956,11 +955,8 @@ class TestBuild:
             "620ec77321b2ea7b0d67d82992dda3e1d67055b4",
         )
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
-        mmd.set_xmd(
-            glib.dict_values(
-                {"mbs": {"commit": "foo", "scmurl": "git://localhost/modules/foo.git#master"}})
-        )
-        self.cg.module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd.set_xmd({"mbs": {"commit": "foo", "scmurl": "git://localhost/modules/foo.git#master"}})
+        self.cg.module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         file_dir = self.cg._prepare_file_directory()
         with io.open(path.join(file_dir, "modulemd.src.txt"), encoding="utf-8") as mmd:
             assert len(mmd.read()) == 1339
@@ -971,15 +967,15 @@ class TestBuild:
         new_mmd = module_build_service.utils.load_mmd(self.cg._finalize_mmd("x86_64"))
 
         # Check that -devel suffix is set.
-        assert new_mmd.get_name().endswith("-devel")
+        assert new_mmd.get_module_name().endswith("-devel")
 
         # Check that -devel requires non-devel.
         for dep in new_mmd.get_dependencies():
             requires = []
-            for name, streams in dep.get_requires().items():
-                for stream in streams.get():
+            for name in dep.get_runtime_modules():
+                for stream in dep.get_runtime_streams(name):
                     requires.append("%s:%s" % (name, stream))
-            assert "%s:%s" % (mmd.get_name(), mmd.get_stream()) in requires
+            assert "%s:%s" % (mmd.get_module_name(), mmd.get_stream_name()) in requires
 
     @patch.dict("sys.modules", krbV=Mock())
     @patch("module_build_service.builder.KojiModuleBuilder.KojiClientSession")
@@ -1018,7 +1014,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
             'python-pymongo-debuginfo-3.6.1-9.module+f29.1.0+2993+d789589b.x86_64',
             'python3-pymongo-debuginfo-3.6.1-9.module+f29.1.0+2993+d789589b.x86_64',
             'python-pymongo-3.6.1-9.module+f29.1.0+2993+d789589b.src',
@@ -1065,7 +1061,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
             "python2-psycopg2-debuginfo-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.x86_64",
             "python2-psycopg2-debug-debuginfo-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.x86_64",
             "python-psycopg2-debugsource-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.x86_64",
@@ -1091,7 +1087,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
             "python2-psycopg2-debugsource-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.x86_64",
             "python2-psycopg2-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.x86_64",
             "python-psycopg2-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.src"])
@@ -1120,7 +1116,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
             "glibc-common-2.29.9000-16.fc31.x86_64",
             "glibc-2.29.9000-16.fc31.src",
             "glibc-2.29.9000-16.fc31.x86_64",
@@ -1147,7 +1143,7 @@ class TestBuild:
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "aarch64")
 
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([
             "kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64-5.0.9-301.fc30.aarch64",
             "kernel-5.0.9-301.fc30.src",
             "kernel-debuginfo-5.0.9-301.fc30.aarch64",
@@ -1167,9 +1163,9 @@ class TestBuild:
             "python-psycopg2-2.7.5-7.module+f29.0.0+2961+596d0223.src")
 
         mmd = self.cg.module.mmd()
-        filter_list = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        filter_list.add("python2-psycopg2")
-        mmd.set_rpm_filter(filter_list)
+        for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_filters():
+            mmd.remove_rpm_filter(rpm)
+        mmd.add_rpm_filter("python2-psycopg2")
         mmd = self.cg._fill_in_rpms_list(mmd, "x86_64")
 
-        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts().get()) == set([])
+        assert set(mmd.get_rpm_artifacts()) == set([])
diff --git a/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output.json b/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output.json
index 37308aad..3fa15a8e 100644
--- a/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output.json
+++ b/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output.json
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
         "tools": [
             {
                 "name": "libmodulemd",
-                "version": "1.4"
+                "version": "2.3.1"
             }
         ],
         "components": [
diff --git a/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output_with_log.json b/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output_with_log.json
index 1aa3a508..c2e6322d 100644
--- a/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output_with_log.json
+++ b/tests/test_get_generator_json_expected_output_with_log.json
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
         "tools": [
             {
                 "name": "libmodulemd",
-                "version": "1.4"
+                "version": "2.3.1"
             }
         ],
         "components": [
diff --git a/tests/test_mmd_resolver.py b/tests/test_mmd_resolver.py
index 6804a2ce..32d275bb 100644
--- a/tests/test_mmd_resolver.py
+++ b/tests/test_mmd_resolver.py
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ import pytest
 
 from module_build_service.mmd_resolver import MMDResolver
 from module_build_service import Modulemd
-from module_build_service import glib
 
 
 class TestMMDResolver:
@@ -41,17 +40,14 @@ class TestMMDResolver:
     @staticmethod
     def _make_mmd(nsvc, requires, xmd_buildrequires=None, virtual_streams=None):
         name, stream, version = nsvc.split(":", 2)
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module()
-        mmd.set_mdversion(2)
-        mmd.set_name(name)
-        mmd.set_stream(stream)
+        mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStreamV2.new(name, stream)
         mmd.set_summary("foo")
         mmd.set_description("foo")
-        licenses = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        licenses.add("GPL")
-        mmd.set_module_licenses(licenses)
+        for license_ in mmd.get_module_licenses():
+            mmd.remove_module_license(license_)
+        mmd.add_module_license("GPL")
 
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"] = {}
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = {}
         if xmd_buildrequires:
@@ -60,14 +56,16 @@ class TestMMDResolver:
                 xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"][n] = {"stream": s}
         if virtual_streams:
             xmd["mbs"]["virtual_streams"] = virtual_streams
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         if ":" in version:
             version, context = version.split(":")
             mmd.set_context(context)
-            add_requires = Modulemd.Dependencies.add_requires
+            add_requires = Modulemd.Dependencies.add_runtime_stream
+            add_empty_requires = Modulemd.Dependencies.set_empty_runtime_dependencies_for_module
         else:
-            add_requires = Modulemd.Dependencies.add_buildrequires
+            add_requires = Modulemd.Dependencies.add_buildtime_stream
+            add_empty_requires = Modulemd.Dependencies.set_empty_buildtime_dependencies_for_module
         mmd.set_version(int(version))
 
         if not isinstance(requires, list):
@@ -75,13 +73,15 @@ class TestMMDResolver:
         else:
             requires = requires
 
-        deps_list = []
         for reqs in requires:
             deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
             for req_name, req_streams in reqs.items():
-                add_requires(deps, req_name, req_streams)
-            deps_list.append(deps)
-        mmd.set_dependencies(deps_list)
+                if req_streams == []:
+                    add_empty_requires(deps, req_name)
+                else:
+                    for req_stream in req_streams:
+                        add_requires(deps, req_name, req_stream)
+            mmd.add_dependencies(deps)
 
         return mmd
 
diff --git a/tests/test_models/__init__.py b/tests/test_models/__init__.py
index d45a666e..32aefa56 100644
--- a/tests/test_models/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/test_models/__init__.py
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ datadir = os.path.dirname(__file__) + "/data/"
 def module_build_from_modulemd(yaml):
     mmd = load_mmd(yaml)
     build = ModuleBuild()
-    build.name = mmd.get_name()
-    build.stream = mmd.get_stream()
+    build.name = mmd.get_module_name()
+    build.stream = mmd.get_stream_name()
     build.version = mmd.get_version()
     build.state = BUILD_STATES["ready"]
     build.modulemd = yaml
diff --git a/tests/test_models/test_models.py b/tests/test_models/test_models.py
index e4aec75d..2ff58ddb 100644
--- a/tests/test_models/test_models.py
+++ b/tests/test_models/test_models.py
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ import os
 import pytest
 
 from mock import patch
-from module_build_service import conf, Modulemd
+from module_build_service import conf
 from module_build_service.models import ComponentBuild, ModuleBuild, make_session
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
+from module_build_service.utils.general import load_mmd_file, mmd_to_str
 from tests import init_data as init_data_contexts, clean_database, make_module
 from tests.test_models import init_data, module_build_from_modulemd
 
@@ -68,9 +68,8 @@ class TestModels:
         build = ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=1).one()
         yaml_path = os.path.join(
             os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "staged_data", "testmodule_dependencies.yaml")
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module.new_from_file(yaml_path)
-        mmd.upgrade()
-        build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(yaml_path)
+        build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         (
             build.ref_build_context,
             build.build_context,
@@ -89,11 +88,10 @@ class TestModels:
         clean_database()
         yaml_path = os.path.join(
             os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml")
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module.new_from_file(yaml_path)
-        mmd.upgrade()
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(yaml_path)
         with make_session(conf) as session:
             for i in range(3):
-                build = module_build_from_modulemd(to_text_type(mmd.dumps()))
+                build = module_build_from_modulemd(mmd_to_str(mmd))
                 build.build_context = "f6e2aeec7576196241b9afa0b6b22acf2b6873d" + str(i)
                 build.runtime_context = "bbc84c7b817ab3dd54916c0bcd6c6bdf512f7f9c" + str(i)
                 session.add(build)
diff --git a/tests/test_resolver/test_db.py b/tests/test_resolver/test_db.py
index 03a09b59..dbd3e834 100644
--- a/tests/test_resolver/test_db.py
+++ b/tests/test_resolver/test_db.py
@@ -25,11 +25,10 @@ import os
 from datetime import datetime
 from mock import patch, PropertyMock
 import pytest
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
 
 import module_build_service.resolver as mbs_resolver
-from module_build_service import app, db, models, glib, utils, Modulemd
-from module_build_service.utils import import_mmd, load_mmd_file
+from module_build_service import app, db, models, utils, Modulemd
+from module_build_service.utils import import_mmd, load_mmd_file, mmd_to_str
 from module_build_service.models import ModuleBuild
 import tests
 
@@ -43,13 +42,10 @@ class TestDBModule:
 
     def test_get_buildrequired_modulemds(self):
         mmd = load_mmd_file(os.path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        mmd.set_stream("f30.1.3")
+        mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name(), "f30.1.3")
         import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
         platform_f300103 = ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(stream="f30.1.3").one()
-        mmd.set_name("testmodule")
-        mmd.set_stream("master")
-        mmd.set_version(20170109091357)
-        mmd.set_context("123")
+        mmd = tests.make_module("testmodule:master:20170109091357:123", store_to_db=False)
         build = ModuleBuild(
             name="testmodule",
             stream="master",
@@ -65,7 +61,7 @@ class TestDBModule:
             time_submitted=datetime(2018, 11, 15, 16, 8, 18),
             time_modified=datetime(2018, 11, 15, 16, 19, 35),
             rebuild_strategy="changed-and-after",
-            modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+            modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
         )
         build.buildrequires.append(platform_f300103)
         db.session.add(build)
@@ -73,8 +69,8 @@ class TestDBModule:
 
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="db")
         result = resolver.get_buildrequired_modulemds(
-            "testmodule", "master", platform_f300103.mmd().dup_nsvc())
-        nsvcs = set([m.dup_nsvc() for m in result])
+            "testmodule", "master", platform_f300103.mmd().get_nsvc())
+        nsvcs = set([m.get_nsvc() for m in result])
         assert nsvcs == set(["testmodule:master:20170109091357:123"])
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("stream_versions", [False, True])
@@ -83,7 +79,7 @@ class TestDBModule:
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="db")
         result = resolver.get_module_modulemds(
             "platform", "f29.1.0", stream_version_lte=stream_versions)
-        nsvcs = set([mmd.dup_nsvc() for mmd in result])
+        nsvcs = set([mmd.get_nsvc() for mmd in result])
         if stream_versions:
             assert nsvcs == set(["platform:f29.1.0:3:00000000", "platform:f29.0.0:3:00000000"])
         else:
@@ -101,11 +97,11 @@ class TestDBModule:
             module = models.ModuleBuild.query.get(2)
             mmd = module.mmd()
             # Wipe out the dependencies
-            mmd.set_dependencies()
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            mmd.clear_dependencies()
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = {}
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-            module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             db.session.add(module)
             db.session.commit()
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="db")
@@ -120,21 +116,21 @@ class TestDBModule:
         # Add testmodule2 that requires testmodule
         module = models.ModuleBuild.query.get(3)
         mmd = module.mmd()
-        mmd.set_name("testmodule2")
+        # Rename the module
+        mmd = mmd.copy("testmodule2")
         mmd.set_version(20180123171545)
-        requires = mmd.get_dependencies()[0].get_requires()
-        requires["testmodule"] = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        requires["testmodule"].add("master")
-        mmd.get_dependencies()[0].set_requires(requires)
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
+        deps.add_runtime_stream("testmodule", "master")
+        mmd.add_dependencies(deps)
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["requires"]["testmodule"] = {
             "filtered_rpms": [],
             "ref": "620ec77321b2ea7b0d67d82992dda3e1d67055b4",
             "stream": "master",
             "version": "20180205135154",
         }
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-        module.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+        module.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         module.name = "testmodule2"
         module.version = str(mmd.get_version())
         module.koji_tag = "module-ae2adf69caf0e1b6"
@@ -256,7 +252,7 @@ class TestDBModule:
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="db")
         mmd = resolver.get_latest_with_virtual_stream("platform", "f29")
         assert mmd
-        assert mmd.get_stream() == "f29.2.0"
+        assert mmd.get_stream_name() == "f29.2.0"
 
     def test_get_latest_with_virtual_stream_none(self):
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="db")
diff --git a/tests/test_resolver/test_local.py b/tests/test_resolver/test_local.py
index fbcc4479..3218a64b 100644
--- a/tests/test_resolver/test_local.py
+++ b/tests/test_resolver/test_local.py
@@ -23,10 +23,9 @@
 import os
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
 import module_build_service.resolver as mbs_resolver
 from module_build_service import db
-from module_build_service.utils import import_mmd, load_mmd_file
+from module_build_service.utils.general import import_mmd, load_mmd_file, mmd_to_str
 from module_build_service.models import ModuleBuild
 import tests
 
@@ -40,11 +39,10 @@ class TestLocalResolverModule:
 
     def test_get_buildrequired_modulemds(self):
         mmd = load_mmd_file(os.path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        mmd.set_stream("f8")
+        mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name(), "f8")
         import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
         platform_f8 = ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(stream="f8").one()
-        mmd.set_name("testmodule")
-        mmd.set_stream("master")
+        mmd = mmd.copy("testmodule", "master")
         mmd.set_version(20170109091357)
         mmd.set_context("123")
         build = ModuleBuild(
@@ -62,14 +60,14 @@ class TestLocalResolverModule:
             time_submitted=datetime(2018, 11, 15, 16, 8, 18),
             time_modified=datetime(2018, 11, 15, 16, 19, 35),
             rebuild_strategy="changed-and-after",
-            modulemd=to_text_type(mmd.dumps()),
+            modulemd=mmd_to_str(mmd),
         )
         db.session.add(build)
         db.session.commit()
 
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="local")
         result = resolver.get_buildrequired_modulemds(
-            "testmodule", "master", platform_f8.mmd().dup_nsvc())
-        nsvcs = set([m.dup_nsvc() for m in result])
+            "testmodule", "master", platform_f8.mmd().get_nsvc())
+        nsvcs = set([m.get_nsvc() for m in result])
         assert nsvcs == set(
             ["testmodule:master:20170109091357:9c690d0e", "testmodule:master:20170109091357:123"])
diff --git a/tests/test_resolver/test_mbs.py b/tests/test_resolver/test_mbs.py
index 1d7d9a3e..ee8186e9 100644
--- a/tests/test_resolver/test_mbs.py
+++ b/tests/test_resolver/test_mbs.py
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ from mock import patch, PropertyMock, Mock, call
 
 import module_build_service.resolver as mbs_resolver
 import module_build_service.utils
+from module_build_service.utils.general import mmd_to_str
 import module_build_service.models
-from module_build_service import glib, app
 import tests
 
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class TestMBSModule:
             "testmodule", "master", "20180205135154", "9c690d0e", virtual_streams=["f28"]
         )
         nsvcs = set(
-            "{}:{}:{}:{}".format(m.peek_name(), m.peek_stream(), m.peek_version(), m.peek_context())
+            m.get_nsvc()
             for m in module_mmds
         )
         expected = set(["testmodule:master:20180205135154:9c690d0e"])
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class TestMBSModule:
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="mbs")
         ret = resolver.get_module_modulemds("testmodule", "master", version)
         nsvcs = set(
-            "{}:{}:{}:{}".format(m.peek_name(), m.peek_stream(), m.peek_version(), m.peek_context())
+            m.get_nsvc()
             for m in ret
         )
         expected = set([
@@ -217,10 +217,11 @@ class TestMBSModule:
 
         mmd = module_build_service.utils.load_mmd(testmodule_mmd_9c690d0e)
         # Wipe out the dependencies
-        mmd.set_dependencies()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        for deps in mmd.get_dependencies():
+            mmd.remove_dependencies(deps)
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = {}
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         mock_res = Mock()
         mock_res.ok.return_value = True
@@ -232,7 +233,7 @@ class TestMBSModule:
                         "stream": "master",
                         "version": "20180205135154",
                         "context": "9c690d0e",
-                        "modulemd": mmd.dumps(),
+                        "modulemd": mmd_to_str(mmd),
                         "build_deps": [],
                     }
                 ],
@@ -352,7 +353,7 @@ class TestMBSModule:
         self, local_builds, conf_system, formatted_testmodule_mmd
     ):
         tests.clean_database()
-        with app.app_context():
+        with tests.app.app_context():
             module_build_service.utils.load_local_builds(["platform"])
 
             resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="mbs")
@@ -383,14 +384,18 @@ class TestMBSModule:
                         "stream": "10",
                         "version": 1,
                         "context": "c1",
-                        "modulemd": tests.make_module("nodejs:10:1:c1", store_to_db=False).dumps(),
+                        "modulemd": mmd_to_str(
+                            tests.make_module("nodejs:10:1:c1", store_to_db=False),
+                        ),
                     },
                     {
                         "name": "nodejs",
                         "stream": "10",
                         "version": 2,
                         "context": "c1",
-                        "modulemd": tests.make_module("nodejs:10:2:c1", store_to_db=False).dumps(),
+                        "modulemd": mmd_to_str(
+                            tests.make_module("nodejs:10:2:c1", store_to_db=False),
+                        ),
                     },
                 ],
                 "meta": {"next": None},
@@ -400,8 +405,8 @@ class TestMBSModule:
 
             assert 1 == len(result)
             mmd = result[0]
-            assert "nodejs" == mmd.get_name()
-            assert "10" == mmd.get_stream()
+            assert "nodejs" == mmd.get_module_name()
+            assert "10" == mmd.get_stream_name()
             assert 1 == mmd.get_version()
             assert "c1" == mmd.get_context()
 
@@ -445,7 +450,7 @@ class TestMBSModule:
         resolver = mbs_resolver.GenericResolver.create(tests.conf, backend="mbs")
         mmd = resolver.get_latest_with_virtual_stream("platform", "virtualf28")
 
-        assert mmd.get_name() == "platform"
+        assert mmd.get_module_name() == "platform"
         mock_session.return_value.get.assert_called_once_with(
             "https://mbs.fedoraproject.org/module-build-service/1/module-builds/",
             params={
diff --git a/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_init.py b/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_init.py
index b4a33f67..40c8f3db 100644
--- a/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_init.py
+++ b/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_init.py
@@ -20,18 +20,16 @@
 #
 
 import os
-import yaml
 
 from mock import patch, PropertyMock
-from gi.repository import GLib
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type
 
 from tests import conf, clean_database
 from tests.test_views.test_views import FakeSCM
 import module_build_service.messaging
 import module_build_service.scheduler.handlers.modules
-from module_build_service import build_logs, Modulemd, db
+from module_build_service import build_logs, db
 from module_build_service.models import make_session, ModuleBuild, ComponentBuild
+from module_build_service.utils.general import mmd_to_str, load_mmd, load_mmd_file
 
 
 class TestModuleInit:
@@ -39,12 +37,14 @@ class TestModuleInit:
         self.fn = module_build_service.scheduler.handlers.modules.init
         self.staged_data_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "../", "staged_data")
         testmodule_yml_path = os.path.join(self.staged_data_dir, "testmodule_init.yaml")
-        with open(testmodule_yml_path, "r") as f:
-            yaml = to_text_type(f.read())
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(testmodule_yml_path)
+        # Set the name and stream
+        mmd = mmd.copy("testmodule", "1")
         scmurl = "git://pkgs.domain.local/modules/testmodule?#620ec77"
         clean_database()
         with make_session(conf) as session:
-            ModuleBuild.create(session, conf, "testmodule", "1", 3, yaml, scmurl, "mprahl")
+            ModuleBuild.create(
+                session, conf, "testmodule", "1", 3, mmd_to_str(mmd), scmurl, "mprahl")
 
     def teardown_method(self, test_method):
         try:
@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ class TestModuleInit:
 
         platform_build = ModuleBuild.query.get(1)
         mmd = platform_build.mmd()
-        filter_list = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        filter_list.add("foo")
-        filter_list.add("bar")
-        mmd.set_rpm_filter(filter_list)
-        platform_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        for rpm in mmd.get_rpm_filters():
+            mmd.remove_rpm_filter(rpm)
+        mmd.add_rpm_filter("foo")
+        mmd.add_rpm_filter("bar")
+        platform_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         db.session.commit()
 
         msg = module_build_service.messaging.MBSModule(
@@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ class TestModuleInit:
         assert build.state == 1, build.state
         # Make sure format_mmd was run properly
         xmd_mbs = build.mmd().get_xmd()["mbs"]
-        assert type(xmd_mbs) is GLib.Variant
         assert xmd_mbs["buildrequires"]["platform"]["filtered_rpms"] == [
             "foo-0:2.4.48-3.el8+1308+551bfa71",
             "bar-0:2.5.48-3.el8+1308+551bfa71",
@@ -106,7 +105,7 @@ class TestModuleInit:
     def test_init_called_twice(self):
         build = self.test_init_basic()
         old_component_builds = len(build.component_builds)
-        old_mmd = yaml.safe_load(build.modulemd)
+        old_mmd = load_mmd(build.modulemd)
 
         build.state = 4
         db.session.commit()
@@ -116,8 +115,8 @@ class TestModuleInit:
         assert build.state == 1
         assert old_component_builds == len(build.component_builds)
 
-        new_mmd = yaml.safe_load(build.modulemd)
-        assert old_mmd == new_mmd
+        new_mmd = load_mmd(build.modulemd)
+        assert mmd_to_str(old_mmd) == mmd_to_str(new_mmd)
 
     @patch("module_build_service.scm.SCM")
     def test_init_scm_not_available(self, mocked_scm):
@@ -145,11 +144,13 @@ class TestModuleInit:
     def test_init_includedmodule(self, mocked_scm, mocked_mod_allow_repo):
         FakeSCM(mocked_scm, "includedmodules", ["testmodule_init.yaml"])
         includedmodules_yml_path = os.path.join(self.staged_data_dir, "includedmodules.yaml")
-        with open(includedmodules_yml_path, "r") as f:
-            yaml = to_text_type(f.read())
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(includedmodules_yml_path)
+        # Set the name and stream
+        mmd = mmd.copy("includedmodules", "1")
         scmurl = "git://pkgs.domain.local/modules/includedmodule?#da95886"
         with make_session(conf) as session:
-            ModuleBuild.create(session, conf, "includemodule", "1", 3, yaml, scmurl, "mprahl")
+            ModuleBuild.create(
+                session, conf, "includemodule", "1", 3, mmd_to_str(mmd), scmurl, "mprahl")
             msg = module_build_service.messaging.MBSModule(
                 msg_id=None, module_build_id=3, module_build_state="init")
             self.fn(config=conf, session=session, msg=msg)
diff --git a/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_wait.py b/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_wait.py
index 6fa27a0e..f8ab3172 100644
--- a/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_wait.py
+++ b/tests/test_scheduler/test_module_wait.py
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import pytest
 from tests import conf, db, app, scheduler_init_data
 import module_build_service.resolver
 from module_build_service import build_logs, Modulemd
+from module_build_service.utils.general import load_mmd_file
 from module_build_service.models import ComponentBuild, ModuleBuild
 
 base_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
@@ -73,8 +74,7 @@ class TestModuleWait:
 
         formatted_testmodule_yml_path = os.path.join(
             base_dir, "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml")
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(formatted_testmodule_yml_path)
-        mmd.upgrade()
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(formatted_testmodule_yml_path)
         mocked_module_build.id = 1
         mocked_module_build.mmd.return_value = mmd
         mocked_module_build.component_builds = []
@@ -191,9 +191,7 @@ class TestModuleWait:
         Test that build.cg_build_koji_tag fallbacks to default tag.
         """
         with app.app_context():
-            base_mmd = Modulemd.Module()
-            base_mmd.set_name("base-runtime")
-            base_mmd.set_stream("f27")
+            base_mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStreamV2.new("base-runtime", "f27")
 
             scheduler_init_data()
             koji_session = mock.MagicMock()
@@ -259,9 +257,7 @@ class TestModuleWait:
         Test that build.cg_build_koji_tag is set.
         """
         with app.app_context():
-            base_mmd = Modulemd.Module()
-            base_mmd.set_name("base-runtime")
-            base_mmd.set_stream("f27")
+            base_mmd = Modulemd.ModuleStreamV2.new("base-runtime", "f27")
 
             scheduler_init_data()
             koji_session = mock.MagicMock()
diff --git a/tests/test_utils/test_ursine.py b/tests/test_utils/test_ursine.py
index 5b3aa16c..3e801192 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils/test_ursine.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils/test_ursine.py
@@ -17,12 +17,9 @@
 # LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 # SOFTWARE.
-
-import copy
-
 from mock import patch, Mock
 
-from module_build_service import conf, glib
+from module_build_service import conf
 from module_build_service.utils import ursine
 from tests import make_module, clean_database
 
@@ -184,10 +181,10 @@ class TestGetModulemdsFromUrsineContent:
         with patch.object(conf, "koji_external_repo_url_prefix", new="http://example.com/"):
             modulemds = ursine.get_modulemds_from_ursine_content(koji_tag)
 
-        test_nsvcs = [item.dup_nsvc() for item in modulemds]
+        test_nsvcs = [item.get_nsvc() for item in modulemds]
         test_nsvcs.sort()
 
-        expected_nsvcs = [mmd_name1s2020c.mmd().dup_nsvc(), mmd_name2s2021c.mmd().dup_nsvc()]
+        expected_nsvcs = [mmd_name1s2020c.mmd().get_nsvc(), mmd_name2s2021c.mmd().get_nsvc()]
         expected_nsvcs.sort()
 
         session.getExternalRepoList.assert_called_once_with(koji_tag)
@@ -204,14 +201,14 @@ class TestRecordStreamCollisionModules:
     ):
         xmd = {"mbs": {"buildrequires": {"modulea": {"stream": "master"}}}}
         fake_mmd = make_module("name1:s:2020:c", xmd=xmd, store_to_db=False)
-        original_xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(fake_mmd.get_xmd())
+        original_xmd = fake_mmd.get_xmd()
 
         with patch.object(ursine, "log") as log:
             ursine.handle_stream_collision_modules(fake_mmd)
             assert 2 == log.info.call_count
             find_stream_collision_modules.assert_not_called()
 
-        assert original_xmd == glib.from_variant_dict(fake_mmd.get_xmd())
+        assert original_xmd == fake_mmd.get_xmd()
 
     @patch.object(conf, "base_module_names", new=["platform"])
     @patch("module_build_service.utils.ursine.get_modulemds_from_ursine_content")
@@ -227,7 +224,7 @@ class TestRecordStreamCollisionModules:
             }
         }
         fake_mmd = make_module("name1:s:2020:c", xmd=xmd, store_to_db=False)
-        original_xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(fake_mmd.get_xmd())
+        expected_xmd = fake_mmd.get_xmd()
 
         get_modulemds_from_ursine_content.return_value = []
 
@@ -235,11 +232,10 @@ class TestRecordStreamCollisionModules:
             ursine.handle_stream_collision_modules(fake_mmd)
             assert 2 == log.info.call_count
 
-        expected_xmd = copy.deepcopy(original_xmd)
         # Ensure stream_collision_modules is set.
         expected_xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]["platform"]["stream_collision_modules"] = ""
         expected_xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]["platform"]["ursine_rpms"] = ""
-        assert expected_xmd == glib.from_variant_dict(fake_mmd.get_xmd())
+        assert expected_xmd == fake_mmd.get_xmd()
 
     @patch.object(conf, "base_module_names", new=["platform", "project-platform"])
     @patch("module_build_service.utils.ursine.get_modulemds_from_ursine_content")
@@ -315,7 +311,7 @@ class TestRecordStreamCollisionModules:
 
         ursine.handle_stream_collision_modules(fake_mmd)
 
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(fake_mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = fake_mmd.get_xmd()
         buildrequires = xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]
 
         modules = buildrequires["platform"]["stream_collision_modules"]
@@ -359,4 +355,4 @@ class TestFindStreamCollisionModules:
         get_modulemds_from_ursine_content.return_value = fake_modules
 
         modules = ursine.find_stream_collision_modules(xmd_mbs_buildrequires, "koji_tag")
-        assert [fake_modules[1].dup_nsvc()] == modules
+        assert [fake_modules[1].get_nsvc()] == modules
diff --git a/tests/test_utils/test_utils.py b/tests/test_utils/test_utils.py
index 9d37ad14..bcacd341 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils/test_utils.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils/test_utils.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ from shutil import copyfile, rmtree
 from datetime import datetime
 from werkzeug.datastructures import FileStorage
 from mock import patch
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type, load_mmd_file
+from module_build_service.utils.general import load_mmd_file, mmd_to_str
 import module_build_service.utils
 import module_build_service.scm
 from module_build_service import models, conf
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ import pytest
 import module_build_service.scheduler.handlers.components
 from module_build_service.builder.base import GenericBuilder
 from module_build_service.builder.KojiModuleBuilder import KojiModuleBuilder
-from module_build_service import glib, Modulemd
+from module_build_service import Modulemd
 from tests import app
 
 BASE_DIR = path.abspath(path.dirname(__file__))
@@ -107,10 +107,8 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
         second_module_build = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         if changed_component:
             mmd = second_module_build.mmd()
-            mmd.get_rpm_components()["tangerine"].set_ref(
-                "00ea1da4192a2030f9ae023de3b3143ed647bbab"
-            )
-            second_module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.get_rpm_component("tangerine").set_ref("00ea1da4192a2030f9ae023de3b3143ed647bbab")
+            second_module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             second_module_changed_component = models.ComponentBuild.query.filter_by(
                 package=changed_component, module_id=3).one()
             second_module_changed_component.ref = "00ea1da4192a2030f9ae023de3b3143ed647bbab"
@@ -149,8 +147,10 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
     def test_get_reusable_component_different_rpm_macros(self):
         second_module_build = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         mmd = second_module_build.mmd()
-        mmd.set_rpm_buildopts({"macros": "%my_macro 1"})
-        second_module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        buildopts = Modulemd.Buildopts()
+        buildopts.set_rpm_macros("%my_macro 1")
+        mmd.set_buildopts(buildopts)
+        second_module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         db.session.commit()
 
         plc_rv = module_build_service.utils.get_reusable_component(
@@ -167,18 +167,18 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
         second_module_build = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         if set_current_arch:  # set architecture for current build
             mmd = second_module_build.mmd()
-            arches = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-            arches.set(["i686"])
-            mmd.get_rpm_components()["tangerine"].set_arches(arches)
-            second_module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            component = mmd.get_rpm_component("tangerine")
+            component.reset_arches()
+            component.add_restricted_arch("i686")
+            second_module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         if set_database_arch:  # set architecture for build in database
             second_module_changed_component = models.ComponentBuild.query.filter_by(
                 package="tangerine", module_id=2).one()
             mmd = second_module_changed_component.module_build.mmd()
-            arches = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-            arches.set(["i686"])
-            mmd.get_rpm_components()["tangerine"].set_arches(arches)
-            second_module_changed_component.module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            component = mmd.get_rpm_component("tangerine")
+            component.reset_arches()
+            component.add_restricted_arch("i686")
+            second_module_changed_component.module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             db.session.add(second_module_changed_component)
             db.session.commit()
 
@@ -192,10 +192,10 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
         first_module_build.rebuild_strategy = rebuild_strategy
         second_module_build = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         mmd = second_module_build.mmd()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]["platform"]["ref"] = "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709"
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-        second_module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+        second_module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         second_module_build.ref_build_context = "37c6c57bedf4305ef41249c1794760b5cb8fad17"
         second_module_build.rebuild_strategy = rebuild_strategy
         db.session.commit()
@@ -222,10 +222,10 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
         first_module_build.rebuild_strategy = rebuild_strategy
         second_module_build = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         mmd = second_module_build.mmd()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]["platform"]["stream"] = "different"
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-        second_module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+        second_module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         second_module_build.build_context = "37c6c57bedf4305ef41249c1794760b5cb8fad17"
         second_module_build.rebuild_strategy = rebuild_strategy
         db.session.commit()
@@ -244,10 +244,8 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
     def test_get_reusable_component_different_buildrequires(self):
         second_module_build = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         mmd = second_module_build.mmd()
-        br_list = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-        br_list.add("master")
-        mmd.get_dependencies()[0].set_buildrequires({"some_module": br_list})
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        mmd.get_dependencies()[0].add_buildtime_stream("some_module", "master")
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"] = {
             "some_module": {
                 "ref": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
@@ -255,8 +253,8 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
                 "version": "20170123140147",
             }
         }
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-        second_module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+        second_module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         second_module_build.ref_build_context = "37c6c57bedf4305ef41249c1794760b5cb8fad17"
         db.session.commit()
 
@@ -284,7 +282,7 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
         module_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         module = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(id=3).one()
         mmd = module.mmd()
-        modulemd_yaml = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        modulemd_yaml = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         modulemd_file_path = path.join(module_dir, "testmodule.yaml")
 
         username = "test"
@@ -300,8 +298,8 @@ class TestUtilsComponentReuse:
             mock_submit_args = mock_submit.call_args[0]
             username_arg = mock_submit_args[0]
             mmd_arg = mock_submit_args[1]
-            assert mmd_arg.get_stream() == stream
-            assert "\n\n%__spec_check_pre exit 0\n" in mmd_arg.get_rpm_buildopts()["macros"]
+            assert mmd_arg.get_stream_name() == stream
+            assert "\n\n%__spec_check_pre exit 0\n" in mmd_arg.get_buildopts().get_rpm_macros()
             assert username_arg == username
         rmtree(module_dir)
 
@@ -318,9 +316,9 @@ class TestUtils:
         mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
         mmd.set_context(context)
 
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["koji_tag"] = "foo"
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         build, msgs = module_build_service.utils.import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
 
@@ -333,10 +331,8 @@ class TestUtils:
             assert build.context == models.DEFAULT_MODULE_CONTEXT
 
     def test_import_mmd_multiple_dependencies(self):
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(
-            path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
-        mmd.upgrade()
-        mmd.add_dependencies(mmd.get_dependencies()[0])
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
+        mmd.add_dependencies(mmd.get_dependencies()[0].copy())
 
         expected_error = "The imported module's dependencies list should contain just one element"
         with pytest.raises(UnprocessableEntity) as e:
@@ -344,12 +340,10 @@ class TestUtils:
             assert str(e.value) == expected_error
 
     def test_import_mmd_no_xmd_buildrequires(self):
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(
-            path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
-        mmd.upgrade()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         del xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         expected_error = (
             "The imported module buildrequires other modules, but the metadata in the "
@@ -360,18 +354,16 @@ class TestUtils:
             assert str(e.value) == expected_error
 
     def test_import_mmd_minimal_xmd_from_local_repository(self):
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(
-            path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
-        mmd.upgrade()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml"))
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"] = {}
         xmd["mbs"]["koji_tag"] = "repofile:///etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-modular.repo"
         xmd["mbs"]["mse"] = True
         xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = "unknown"
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         build, msgs = module_build_service.utils.import_mmd(db.session, mmd, False)
-        assert build.name == mmd.get_name()
+        assert build.name == mmd.get_module_name()
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "stream, disttag_marking, error_msg",
@@ -386,15 +378,13 @@ class TestUtils:
     )
     def test_import_mmd_base_module(self, stream, disttag_marking, error_msg):
         clean_database(add_platform_module=False)
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(
-            path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        mmd.upgrade()
-        mmd.set_stream(stream)
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
+        mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name(), stream)
 
         if disttag_marking:
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             xmd["mbs"]["disttag_marking"] = disttag_marking
-            mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
 
         if error_msg:
             with pytest.raises(UnprocessableEntity, match=error_msg):
@@ -423,10 +413,10 @@ class TestUtils:
         # Set the disttag_marking override on the platform
         platform = models.ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(name="platform", stream="f28").first()
         platform_mmd = platform.mmd()
-        platform_xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(platform_mmd.get_xmd())
+        platform_xmd = platform_mmd.get_xmd()
         platform_xmd["mbs"]["disttag_marking"] = "fedora28"
-        platform_mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(platform_xmd))
-        platform.modulemd = to_text_type(platform_mmd.dumps())
+        platform_mmd.set_xmd(platform_xmd)
+        platform.modulemd = mmd_to_str(platform_mmd)
         db.session.add(platform)
         db.session.commit()
 
@@ -454,10 +444,9 @@ class TestUtils:
 
         build_one = models.ModuleBuild.query.get(2)
         mmd = build_one.mmd()
-        dep = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
-        dep.add_buildrequires("build", ["product1.2"])
-        mmd.set_dependencies((dep,))
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        deps = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
+        deps.add_buildtime_stream("build", "product1.2")
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]["build"] = {
             "filtered_rpms": [],
             "ref": "virtual",
@@ -465,8 +454,8 @@ class TestUtils:
             "version": "1",
             "context": "00000000",
         }
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
-        build_one.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+        build_one.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
         db.session.add(build_one)
         db.session.commit()
 
@@ -516,20 +505,21 @@ class TestUtils:
             return hashes_returned[ref]
 
         mocked_scm.return_value.get_latest = mocked_get_latest
-        mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(
-            path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule.yaml"))
-        mmd.upgrade()
+        mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule.yaml"))
         # Modify the component branches so we can identify them later on
-        mmd.get_rpm_components()["perl-Tangerine"].set_ref("f28")
-        mmd.get_rpm_components()["tangerine"].set_ref("f27")
+        mmd.get_rpm_component("perl-Tangerine").set_ref("f28")
+        mmd.get_rpm_component("tangerine").set_ref("f27")
         module_build_service.utils.format_mmd(mmd, scmurl)
 
         # Make sure that original refs are not changed.
-        mmd_pkg_refs = [pkg.get_ref() for pkg in mmd.get_rpm_components().values()]
+        mmd_pkg_refs = [
+            mmd.get_rpm_component(pkg_name).get_ref()
+            for pkg_name in mmd.get_rpm_component_names()
+        ]
         assert set(mmd_pkg_refs) == set(hashes_returned.keys())
-        br = mmd.get_dependencies()[0].get_buildrequires()
-        assert list(br.keys()) == ["platform"]
-        assert list(br.values())[0].get() == ["f28"]
+        deps = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
+        assert deps.get_buildtime_modules() == ["platform"]
+        assert deps.get_buildtime_streams("platform") == ["f28"]
         xmd = {
             "mbs": {
                 "commit": "",
@@ -544,7 +534,7 @@ class TestUtils:
         if scmurl:
             xmd["mbs"]["commit"] = "620ec77321b2ea7b0d67d82992dda3e1d67055b4"
             xmd["mbs"]["scmurl"] = scmurl
-        mmd_xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        mmd_xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         assert mmd_xmd == xmd
 
     def test_get_reusable_component_shared_userspace_ordering(self):
@@ -675,9 +665,8 @@ class TestUtils:
             ]
 
             testmodule_mmd_path = path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule.yaml")
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
-            mmd.upgrade()
-            mmd.set_name("testmodule-variant")
+            mmd = load_mmd_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
+            mmd = mmd.copy("testmodule-variant", "master")
             module_build = module_build_service.models.ModuleBuild()
             module_build.name = "testmodule-variant"
             module_build.stream = "master"
@@ -690,17 +679,15 @@ class TestUtils:
             module_build.time_submitted = datetime(2017, 2, 15, 16, 8, 18)
             module_build.time_modified = datetime(2017, 2, 15, 16, 19, 35)
             module_build.rebuild_strategy = "changed-and-after"
-            module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             db.session.add(module_build)
             db.session.commit()
             # Rename the the modulemd to include
-            mmd.set_name("testmodule")
+            mmd = mmd.copy("testmodule")
             # Remove perl-Tangerine and tangerine from the modulemd to include so only one
             # component conflicts
-            comps = mmd.get_rpm_components()
-            del comps["perl-Tangerine"]
-            del comps["tangerine"]
-            mmd.set_rpm_components(comps)
+            mmd.remove_rpm_component("perl-Tangerine")
+            mmd.remove_rpm_component("tangerine")
 
             error_msg = (
                 'The included module "testmodule" in "testmodule-variant" have '
@@ -724,8 +711,9 @@ class TestUtils:
             ]
 
             testmodule_mmd_path = path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule.yaml")
-            mmd = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
-            mmd.upgrade()
+            mmd = load_mmd_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
+            # Set the module name and stream
+            mmd = mmd.copy("testmodule", "master")
             module_build = module_build_service.models.ModuleBuild()
             module_build.name = "testmodule"
             module_build.stream = "master"
@@ -738,7 +726,7 @@ class TestUtils:
             module_build.time_submitted = datetime(2017, 2, 15, 16, 8, 18)
             module_build.time_modified = datetime(2017, 2, 15, 16, 19, 35)
             module_build.rebuild_strategy = "changed-and-after"
-            module_build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            module_build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             db.session.add(module_build)
             db.session.commit()
 
@@ -766,26 +754,26 @@ class TestUtils:
             testmodule_mmd_path = path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule.yaml")
             test_archs = ["powerpc", "i486"]
 
-            mmd1 = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
-            mmd1.upgrade()
-
+            mmd1 = load_mmd_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
             module_build_service.utils.format_mmd(mmd1, None)
 
-            for pkg in mmd1.get_rpm_components().values():
-                assert set(pkg.get_arches().get()) == set(conf.arches)
+            for pkg_name in mmd1.get_rpm_component_names():
+                pkg = mmd1.get_rpm_component(pkg_name)
+                assert set(pkg.get_arches()) == set(conf.arches)
 
-            mmd2 = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
-            mmd2.upgrade()
+            mmd2 = load_mmd_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
 
-            new_arches = Modulemd.SimpleSet()
-            new_arches.set(test_archs)
-            for pkg in mmd2.get_rpm_components().values():
-                pkg.set_arches(new_arches)
+            for pkg_name in mmd2.get_rpm_component_names():
+                pkg = mmd2.get_rpm_component(pkg_name)
+                pkg.reset_arches()
+                for arch in test_archs:
+                    pkg.add_restricted_arch(arch)
 
             module_build_service.utils.format_mmd(mmd2, None)
 
-            for pkg in mmd2.get_rpm_components().values():
-                assert set(pkg.get_arches().get()) == set(test_archs)
+            for pkg_name in mmd2.get_rpm_component_names():
+                pkg = mmd2.get_rpm_component(pkg_name)
+                assert set(pkg.get_arches()) == set(test_archs)
 
     @patch("module_build_service.scm.SCM")
     @patch("module_build_service.utils.submit.ThreadPool")
@@ -802,8 +790,7 @@ class TestUtils:
 
             testmodule_mmd_path = path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "testmodule.yaml")
 
-            mmd1 = Modulemd.Module().new_from_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
-            mmd1.upgrade()
+            mmd1 = load_mmd_file(testmodule_mmd_path)
 
             with patch("module_build_service.utils.submit.datetime") as dt:
                 dt.utcnow.return_value = test_datetime
@@ -863,9 +850,9 @@ class TestUtils:
         scheduler_init_data(1)
         build_one = models.ModuleBuild.query.get(2)
         mmd = build_one.mmd()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"]["platform"]["stream"] = "fl7.0.1-beta"
-        mmd.set_xmd(glib.dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
         v = module_build_service.utils.submit.get_prefixed_version(mmd)
         assert v == 7000120180205135154
 
@@ -886,7 +873,7 @@ class TestUtils:
         generate_expanded_mmds.return_value = [mmd1, mmd2]
 
         # Create a copy of mmd1 without xmd.mbs, since that will cause validate_mmd to fail
-        mmd1_copy = module_build_service.utils.load_mmd(mmd1.dumps())
+        mmd1_copy = mmd1.copy()
         mmd1_copy.set_xmd({})
         builds = module_build_service.utils.submit_module_build("foo", mmd1_copy, {})
         ret = {b.mmd().get_context(): b.state for b in builds}
@@ -1339,7 +1326,7 @@ class TestOfflineLocalBuilds:
         assert module_build
 
         mmd = module_build.mmd()
-        xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         assert xmd == {
             "mbs": {
                 "buildrequires": {},
@@ -1350,16 +1337,16 @@ class TestOfflineLocalBuilds:
             }
         }
 
-        profiles = mmd.get_profiles()
-        assert set(profiles.keys()) == set(["buildroot", "srpm-buildroot"])
+        assert set(mmd.get_profile_names()) == set(["buildroot", "srpm-buildroot"])
 
     @patch("module_build_service.utils.general.open", create=True, new_callable=mock.mock_open)
     def test_import_builds_from_local_dnf_repos(self, patched_open):
         with patch("dnf.Base") as dnf_base:
             repo = mock.MagicMock()
             repo.repofile = "/etc/yum.repos.d/foo.repo"
-            with open(path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml")) as f:
-                repo.get_metadata_content.return_value = f.read()
+            tm_path = path.join(BASE_DIR, "..", "staged_data", "formatted_testmodule.yaml")
+            mmd = load_mmd_file(tm_path)
+            repo.get_metadata_content.return_value = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             base = dnf_base.return_value
             base.repos = {"reponame": repo}
             patched_open.return_value.readlines.return_value = ("FOO=bar", "PLATFORM_ID=platform:x")
diff --git a/tests/test_utils/test_utils_mse.py b/tests/test_utils/test_utils_mse.py
index c5131ab2..aeaf2c74 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils/test_utils_mse.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils/test_utils_mse.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import os
 import pytest
 
 import module_build_service.utils
-from module_build_service import glib
+from module_build_service import Modulemd
 from module_build_service.errors import StreamAmbigous
 from tests import db, clean_database, make_module, init_data, base_dir
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
         module_build_service.utils.expand_mse_streams(db.session, mmd)
         modules = module_build_service.utils.get_mmds_required_by_module_recursively(mmd)
         nsvcs = [
-            ":".join([m.get_name(), m.get_stream(), str(m.get_version()), m.get_context()])
+            m.get_nsvc()
             for m in modules
         ]
         return nsvcs
@@ -128,13 +128,6 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
                 set([frozenset(["foo:1:0:c2", "gtk:1:0:c2", "platform:f28:0:c10"])]),
                 set([frozenset(["foo:1", "gtk:1", "platform:f28"])]),
             ),
-            (
-                {"gtk": ["1"], "foo": ["1"]},
-                {"platform": ["f28"], "gtk": ["-1", "1"], "foo": ["-2", "1"]},
-                False,
-                set([frozenset(["foo:1:0:c2", "gtk:1:0:c2", "platform:f28:0:c10"])]),
-                set([frozenset(["foo:1", "gtk:1", "platform:f28"])]),
-            ),
             (
                 {"gtk": ["1"], "foo": ["1"]},
                 {"platform": ["f28"], "gtk": ["1"]},
@@ -193,7 +186,7 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
         buildrequires_per_mmd_xmd = set()
         buildrequires_per_mmd_buildrequires = set()
         for mmd in mmds:
-            xmd = glib.from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             br_nsvcs = []
             for name, detail in xmd["mbs"]["buildrequires"].items():
                 br_nsvcs.append(
@@ -204,8 +197,8 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
 
             buildrequires = set()
             dep = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
-            for req_name, req_streams in dep.get_buildrequires().items():
-                for req_stream in req_streams.get():
+            for req_name in dep.get_buildtime_modules():
+                for req_stream in dep.get_buildtime_streams(req_name):
                     buildrequires.add(":".join([req_name, req_stream]))
             buildrequires_per_mmd_buildrequires.add(frozenset(buildrequires))
 
@@ -235,11 +228,6 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
                 {"platform": [], "gtk": ["-2"], "foo": ["-2"]},
                 set([frozenset(["foo:1", "gtk:1"])]),
             ),
-            (
-                {"gtk": ["-1", "1"], "foo": ["-2", "1"]},
-                {"platform": [], "gtk": ["-1", "1"], "foo": ["-2", "1"]},
-                set([frozenset(["foo:1", "gtk:1"])]),
-            ),
             (
                 {"gtk": [], "foo": []},
                 {"platform": [], "gtk": ["1"], "foo": ["1"]},
@@ -257,8 +245,8 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
             assert len(mmd.get_dependencies()) == 1
             mmd_requires = set()
             dep = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
-            for req_name, req_streams in dep.get_requires().items():
-                for req_stream in req_streams.get():
+            for req_name in dep.get_runtime_modules():
+                for req_stream in dep.get_runtime_streams(req_name):
                     mmd_requires.add(":".join([req_name, req_stream]))
             requires_per_mmd.add(frozenset(mmd_requires))
 
@@ -327,18 +315,6 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
                     "gtk:1:0:c3",
                 ],
             ),
-            (
-                {},
-                {"platform": [], "gtk": ["-1", "1"], "foo": ["-2", "1"]},
-                [
-                    "foo:1:0:c2",
-                    "foo:1:0:c3",
-                    "platform:f29:0:c11",
-                    "platform:f28:0:c10",
-                    "gtk:1:0:c2",
-                    "gtk:1:0:c3",
-                ],
-            ),
         ],
     )
     def test_get_required_modules_simple(self, requires, build_requires, expected):
@@ -427,11 +403,14 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
         init_data(data_size=1, multiple_stream_versions=True)
         mmd = module_build_service.utils.load_mmd_file(
             os.path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "testmodule_v2.yaml"))
-        deps = mmd.get_dependencies()
-        brs = deps[0].get_buildrequires()
-        brs["platform"].set(["f29.1.0", "f29.2.0"])
-        deps[0].set_buildrequires(brs)
-        mmd.set_dependencies(deps)
+        deps = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
+        new_deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
+        for stream in deps.get_runtime_streams("platform"):
+            new_deps.add_runtime_stream("platform", stream)
+        new_deps.add_buildtime_stream("platform", "f29.1.0")
+        new_deps.add_buildtime_stream("platform", "f29.2.0")
+        mmd.remove_dependencies(deps)
+        mmd.add_dependencies(new_deps)
 
         mmds = module_build_service.utils.mse._get_base_module_mmds(mmd)
         expected = set(["platform:f29.0.0", "platform:f29.1.0", "platform:f29.2.0"])
@@ -440,7 +419,7 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
         # Verify the expected ones were returned
         actual = set()
         for mmd_ in mmds:
-            actual.add("{}:{}".format(mmd_.get_name(), mmd_.get_stream()))
+            actual.add("{}:{}".format(mmd_.get_module_name(), mmd_.get_stream_name()))
         assert actual == expected
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("virtual_streams", (None, ["f29"], ["lp29"]))
@@ -449,11 +428,13 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
         init_data(data_size=1, multiple_stream_versions=True)
         mmd = module_build_service.utils.load_mmd_file(
             os.path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "testmodule_v2.yaml"))
-        deps = mmd.get_dependencies()
-        brs = deps[0].get_buildrequires()
-        brs["platform"].set(["f29.2.0"])
-        deps[0].set_buildrequires(brs)
-        mmd.set_dependencies(deps)
+        deps = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
+        new_deps = Modulemd.Dependencies()
+        for stream in deps.get_runtime_streams("platform"):
+            new_deps.add_runtime_stream("platform", stream)
+        new_deps.add_buildtime_stream("platform", "f29.2.0")
+        mmd.remove_dependencies(deps)
+        mmd.add_dependencies(new_deps)
 
         make_module("platform:lp29.1.1:12:c11", {}, {}, virtual_streams=virtual_streams)
 
@@ -468,5 +449,5 @@ class TestUtilsModuleStreamExpansion:
         # Verify the expected ones were returned
         actual = set()
         for mmd_ in mmds:
-            actual.add("{}:{}".format(mmd_.get_name(), mmd_.get_stream()))
+            actual.add("{}:{}".format(mmd_.get_module_name(), mmd_.get_stream_name()))
         assert actual == expected
diff --git a/tests/test_views/test_views.py b/tests/test_views/test_views.py
index f363e994..a1ae0c32 100644
--- a/tests/test_views/test_views.py
+++ b/tests/test_views/test_views.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ from os.path import basename, dirname, splitext
 from requests.utils import quote
 import hashlib
 import pytest
-from module_build_service.utils import to_text_type, load_mmd_file, load_mmd
 import re
 
 from tests import app, init_data, clean_database, reuse_component_init_data
@@ -43,8 +42,9 @@ from module_build_service.models import ModuleBuild
 from module_build_service import db, version
 import module_build_service.config as mbs_config
 import module_build_service.scheduler.handlers.modules
-from module_build_service.utils import import_mmd
-from module_build_service.glib import dict_values, from_variant_dict
+from module_build_service.utils.general import (
+    import_mmd, mmd_to_str, to_text_type, load_mmd_file, load_mmd
+)
 
 
 user = ("Homer J. Simpson", set(["packager"]))
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ class TestViews:
     def test_query_base_module_br_filters(self):
         reuse_component_init_data()
         mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        mmd.set_stream("f30.1.3")
+        mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name(), "f30.1.3")
         import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
         platform_f300103 = ModuleBuild.query.filter_by(stream="f30.1.3").one()
         build = ModuleBuild(
@@ -1522,8 +1522,8 @@ class TestViews:
         mmd = module_build_service.utils.load_mmd(data[0]["modulemd"])
         assert len(mmd.get_dependencies()) == 1
         dep = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
-        assert set(dep.get_buildrequires()["platform"].get()) == expected_br
-        assert set(dep.get_requires()["platform"].get()) == expected_req
+        assert set(dep.get_buildtime_streams("platform")) == expected_br
+        assert set(dep.get_runtime_streams("platform")) == expected_req
 
     @patch("module_build_service.auth.get_user", return_value=user)
     @patch("module_build_service.scm.SCM")
@@ -1994,13 +1994,13 @@ class TestViews:
         with make_session(conf) as session:
             build = ModuleBuild.query.first()
             mmd = build.mmd()
-            xmd = from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+            xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
             mbs = xmd.setdefault("mbs", {})
             buildrequires = mbs.setdefault("buildrequires", {})
             buildrequires["modulea"] = br_modulea
             buildrequires["moduleb"] = br_moduleb
-            mmd.set_xmd(dict_values(xmd))
-            build.modulemd = to_text_type(mmd.dumps())
+            mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
+            build.modulemd = mmd_to_str(mmd)
             session.commit()
 
         rv = self.client.get("/module-build-service/1/module-builds/{}".format(build.id))
@@ -2264,11 +2264,11 @@ class TestViews:
         # Create a platform for whatever the override is so the build submission succeeds
         if platform_override:
             platform_mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-            platform_mmd.set_stream(platform_override)
+            platform_mmd = platform_mmd.copy(platform_mmd.get_module_name(), platform_override)
             if platform_override == "el8.0.0":
-                xmd = from_variant_dict(platform_mmd.get_xmd())
+                xmd = platform_mmd.get_xmd()
                 xmd["mbs"]["virtual_streams"] = ["el8"]
-                platform_mmd.set_xmd(dict_values(xmd))
+                platform_mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
             import_mmd(db.session, platform_mmd)
 
         FakeSCM(
@@ -2291,9 +2291,9 @@ class TestViews:
             expected_br = {platform_override}
         else:
             expected_br = {"f28"}
-        assert set(dep.get_buildrequires()["platform"].get()) == expected_br
+        assert set(dep.get_buildtime_streams("platform")) == expected_br
         # The requires should not change
-        assert set(dep.get_requires()["platform"].get()) == {"f28"}
+        assert dep.get_runtime_streams("platform") == ["f28"]
 
     @patch("module_build_service.auth.get_user", return_value=user)
     @patch("module_build_service.scm.SCM")
@@ -2311,7 +2311,7 @@ class TestViews:
         init_data(data_size=1, multiple_stream_versions=True)
         # Create a platform for the override so the build submission succeeds
         platform_mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        platform_mmd.set_stream("product1.3")
+        platform_mmd = platform_mmd.copy(platform_mmd.get_module_name(), "product1.3")
         import_mmd(db.session, platform_mmd)
 
         FakeSCM(
@@ -2337,9 +2337,9 @@ class TestViews:
         dep = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
         # The buildrequire_override value should take precedence over the stream override from
         # parsing the branch
-        assert set(dep.get_buildrequires()["platform"].get()) == {"product1.3"}
+        assert dep.get_buildtime_streams("platform") == ["product1.3"]
         # The requires should not change
-        assert set(dep.get_requires()["platform"].get()) == {"f28"}
+        assert dep.get_runtime_streams("platform") == ["f28"]
 
     @patch("module_build_service.auth.get_user", return_value=user)
     @patch("module_build_service.scm.SCM")
@@ -2350,7 +2350,7 @@ class TestViews:
         """
         init_data(data_size=1, multiple_stream_versions=True)
         platform_mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        platform_mmd.set_stream("el8.0.0")
+        platform_mmd = platform_mmd.copy(platform_mmd.get_module_name(), "el8.0.0")
         import_mmd(db.session, platform_mmd)
 
         FakeSCM(
@@ -2408,10 +2408,10 @@ class TestViews:
     def test_submit_build_request_platform_virtual_stream(self, mocked_scm, mocked_get_user):
         # Create a platform with el8.25.0 but with the virtual stream el8
         mmd = load_mmd_file(path.join(base_dir, "staged_data", "platform.yaml"))
-        mmd.set_stream("el8.25.0")
-        xmd = from_variant_dict(mmd.get_xmd())
+        mmd = mmd.copy(mmd.get_module_name(), "el8.25.0")
+        xmd = mmd.get_xmd()
         xmd["mbs"]["virtual_streams"] = ["el8"]
-        mmd.set_xmd(dict_values(xmd))
+        mmd.set_xmd(xmd)
         import_mmd(db.session, mmd)
 
         # Use a testmodule that buildrequires platform:el8
@@ -2434,5 +2434,5 @@ class TestViews:
         mmd = load_mmd(data[0]["modulemd"])
         assert len(mmd.get_dependencies()) == 1
         dep = mmd.get_dependencies()[0]
-        assert set(dep.get_buildrequires()["platform"].get()) == set(["el8.25.0"])
-        assert set(dep.get_requires()["platform"].get()) == set(["el8"])
+        assert dep.get_buildtime_streams("platform") == ["el8.25.0"]
+        assert dep.get_runtime_streams("platform") == ["el8"]