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更新多元微分

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Didnelpsun
2021-07-17 23:16:30 +08:00
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15 changed files with 878 additions and 476 deletions

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@@ -599,9 +599,23 @@ $=\displaystyle{\int_0^1\dfrac{1+x}{1+x^2}\textrm{d}x}=\displaystyle{\int_0^1\df
$=\left[\arctan x+\dfrac{1}{2}\ln(1+x^2)\right]_0^1=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\ln2$
\subsection{变限积分}
\subsection{变限积分与极限}
\subsection{牛莱公式}
变限积分也常与极限共同出现。
\textbf{例题:}$f(x)$连续,$f(0)=0$$f'(0)=\pi$,求$\lim\limits_{x\to0}\dfrac{\int_0^xf(t)\,\textrm{d}t}{x^2}$
解:$=\lim\limits_{x\to0}\dfrac{f(x)}{2x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\lim\limits_{x\to0}\dfrac{f(x)-f(0)}{x-0}=\dfrac{1}{2}f'(0)=\dfrac{\pi}{2}$
\textbf{例题:}$f(x)$连续,$F(x)=\int_0^x(x-t)f(t)\,\textrm{d}t$,求$F''(x)$
解:因为$x$$t$混合在一起很麻烦,$x$为上限是常数,$t$为积分变量。
$F(x)=\int_0^xxf(t)\,\textrm{d}t-\int_0^xtf(t)\,\textrm{d}t=x\int_0^xf(t)\,\textrm{d}t-\int_0^xtf(t)\,\textrm{d}t$
$\therefore F'(x)=\int_0^xf(t)\,\textrm{d}t+xf(x)-xf(x)=\int_0^xf(t)\,\textrm{d}t$
$\therefore F''(x)=f(x)$
\subsection{换元积分}