notes_estom/Python/pandas/user_guide/README.md

---
meta:
  - name: keywords
    content: Pandas指南
  - name: description
    content: “用户指南” 按主题划分区域涵盖了几乎所有Pandas的功能。每个小节都介绍了一个主题（例如“处理缺失的数据”），并讨论了Pandas如何解决问题，其中包含许多示例。
---

# Pandas 用户指南目录

“用户指南” 按主题划分区域涵盖了几乎所有Pandas的功能。每个小节都介绍了一个主题（例如“处理缺失的数据”），并讨论了Pandas如何解决问题，其中包含许多示例。

刚开始接触Pandas的同学应该从[十分钟入门Pandas](/docs/getting_started/10min.html)开始看起。

有关任何特定方法的更多信息，请[参阅API参考](/docs/reference.html)。

- [IO工具（文本，CSV，HDF5，…）](io.html)
  - [CSV & text files](io.html#csv-text-files)
  - [JSON](io.html#json)
  - [HTML](io.html#html)
  - [Excel files](io.html#excel-files)
  - [OpenDocument Spreadsheets](io.html#opendocument-spreadsheets)
  - [Clipboard](io.html#clipboard)
  - [Pickling](io.html#pickling)
  - [msgpack](io.html#msgpack)
  - [HDF5 (PyTables)](io.html#hdf5-pytables)
  - [Feather](io.html#feather)
  - [Parquet](io.html#parquet)
  - [SQL queries](io.html#sql-queries)
  - [Google BigQuery](io.html#google-bigquery)
  - [Stata format](io.html#stata-format)
  - [SAS formats](io.html#sas-formats)
  - [Other file formats](io.html#other-file-formats)
  - [Performance considerations](io.html#performance-considerations)
- [索引和数据选择器](indexing.html)
  - [Different choices for indexing](indexing.html#different-choices-for-indexing)
  - [Basics](indexing.html#basics)
  - [Attribute access](indexing.html#attribute-access)
  - [Slicing ranges](indexing.html#slicing-ranges)
  - [Selection by label](indexing.html#selection-by-label)
  - [Selection by position](indexing.html#selection-by-position)
  - [Selection by callable](indexing.html#selection-by-callable)
  - [IX indexer is deprecated](indexing.html#ix-indexer-is-deprecated)
  - [Indexing with list with missing labels is deprecated](indexing.html#indexing-with-list-with-missing-labels-is-deprecated)
  - [Selecting random samples](indexing.html#selecting-random-samples)
  - [Setting with enlargement](indexing.html#setting-with-enlargement)
  - [Fast scalar value getting and setting](indexing.html#fast-scalar-value-getting-and-setting)
  - [Boolean indexing](indexing.html#boolean-indexing)
  - [Indexing with isin](indexing.html#indexing-with-isin)
  - [The ``where()`` Method and Masking](indexing.html#the-where-method-and-masking)
  - [The ``query()`` Method](indexing.html#the-query-method)
  - [Duplicate data](indexing.html#duplicate-data)
  - [Dictionary-like ``get()`` method](indexing.html#dictionary-like-get-method)
  - [The ``lookup()`` method](indexing.html#the-lookup-method)
  - [Index objects](indexing.html#index-objects)
  - [Set / reset index](indexing.html#set-reset-index)
  - [Returning a view versus a copy](indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy)
- [多索引/高级索引](advanced.html)
  - [Hierarchical indexing (MultiIndex)](advanced.html#hierarchical-indexing-multiindex)
  - [Advanced indexing with hierarchical index](advanced.html#advanced-indexing-with-hierarchical-index)
  - [Sorting a ``MultiIndex``](advanced.html#sorting-a-multiindex)
  - [Take methods](advanced.html#take-methods)
  - [Index types](advanced.html#index-types)
  - [Miscellaneous indexing FAQ](advanced.html#miscellaneous-indexing-faq)
- [合并、联接和连接](merging.html)
  - [Concatenating objects](merging.html#concatenating-objects)
  - [Database-style DataFrame or named Series joining/merging](merging.html#database-style-dataframe-or-named-series-joining-merging)
  - [Timeseries friendly merging](merging.html#timeseries-friendly-merging)
- [重塑和数据透视表](reshaping.html)
  - [Reshaping by pivoting DataFrame objects](reshaping.html#reshaping-by-pivoting-dataframe-objects)
  - [Reshaping by stacking and unstacking](reshaping.html#reshaping-by-stacking-and-unstacking)
  - [Reshaping by Melt](reshaping.html#reshaping-by-melt)
  - [Combining with stats and GroupBy](reshaping.html#combining-with-stats-and-groupby)
  - [Pivot tables](reshaping.html#pivot-tables)
  - [Cross tabulations](reshaping.html#cross-tabulations)
  - [Tiling](reshaping.html#tiling)
  - [Computing indicator / dummy variables](reshaping.html#computing-indicator-dummy-variables)
  - [Factorizing values](reshaping.html#factorizing-values)
  - [Examples](reshaping.html#examples)
  - [Exploding a list-like column](reshaping.html#exploding-a-list-like-column)
- [处理文本字符串](text.html)
  - [Splitting and replacing strings](text.html#splitting-and-replacing-strings)
  - [Concatenation](text.html#concatenation)
  - [Indexing with ``.str``](text.html#indexing-with-str)
  - [Extracting substrings](text.html#extracting-substrings)
  - [Testing for Strings that match or contain a pattern](text.html#testing-for-strings-that-match-or-contain-a-pattern)
  - [Creating indicator variables](text.html#creating-indicator-variables)
  - [Method summary](text.html#method-summary)
- [处理丢失的数据](missing_data.html)
  - [Values considered “missing”](missing_data.html#values-considered-missing)
  - [Sum/prod of empties/nans](missing_data.html#sum-prod-of-empties-nans)
  - [NA values in GroupBy](missing_data.html#na-values-in-groupby)
  - [Filling missing values: fillna](missing_data.html#filling-missing-values-fillna)
  - [Filling with a PandasObject](missing_data.html#filling-with-a-pandasobject)
  - [Dropping axis labels with missing data: dropna](missing_data.html#dropping-axis-labels-with-missing-data-dropna)
  - [Interpolation](missing_data.html#interpolation)
  - [Replacing generic values](missing_data.html#replacing-generic-values)
  - [String/regular expression replacement](missing_data.html#string-regular-expression-replacement)
  - [Numeric replacement](missing_data.html#numeric-replacement)
- [分类数据](categorical.html)
  - [Object creation](categorical.html#object-creation)
  - [CategoricalDtype](categorical.html#categoricaldtype)
  - [Description](categorical.html#description)
  - [Working with categories](categorical.html#working-with-categories)
  - [Sorting and order](categorical.html#sorting-and-order)
  - [Comparisons](categorical.html#comparisons)
  - [Operations](categorical.html#operations)
  - [Data munging](categorical.html#data-munging)
  - [Getting data in/out](categorical.html#getting-data-in-out)
  - [Missing data](categorical.html#missing-data)
  - [Differences to R’s <cite>factor</cite>](categorical.html#differences-to-r-s-factor)
  - [Gotchas](categorical.html#gotchas)
- [Nullable整型数据类型](integer_na.html)
- [可视化](visualization.html)
  - [Basic plotting: ``plot``](visualization.html#basic-plotting-plot)
  - [Other plots](visualization.html#other-plots)
  - [Plotting with missing data](visualization.html#plotting-with-missing-data)
  - [Plotting Tools](visualization.html#plotting-tools)
  - [Plot Formatting](visualization.html#plot-formatting)
  - [Plotting directly with matplotlib](visualization.html#plotting-directly-with-matplotlib)
  - [Trellis plotting interface](visualization.html#trellis-plotting-interface)
- [计算工具](computation.html)
  - [Statistical functions](computation.html#statistical-functions)
  - [Window Functions](computation.html#window-functions)
  - [Aggregation](computation.html#aggregation)
  - [Expanding windows](computation.html#expanding-windows)
  - [Exponentially weighted windows](computation.html#exponentially-weighted-windows)
- [组操作: 拆分-应用-组合](groupby.html)
  - [Splitting an object into groups](groupby.html#splitting-an-object-into-groups)
  - [Iterating through groups](groupby.html#iterating-through-groups)
  - [Selecting a group](groupby.html#selecting-a-group)
  - [Aggregation](groupby.html#aggregation)
  - [Transformation](groupby.html#transformation)
  - [Filtration](groupby.html#filtration)
  - [Dispatching to instance methods](groupby.html#dispatching-to-instance-methods)
  - [Flexible ``apply``](groupby.html#flexible-apply)
  - [Other useful features](groupby.html#other-useful-features)
  - [Examples](groupby.html#examples)
- [时间序列/日期方法](timeseries.html)
  - [Overview](timeseries.html#overview)
  - [Timestamps vs. Time Spans](timeseries.html#timestamps-vs-time-spans)
  - [Converting to timestamps](timeseries.html#converting-to-timestamps)
  - [Generating ranges of timestamps](timeseries.html#generating-ranges-of-timestamps)
  - [Timestamp limitations](timeseries.html#timestamp-limitations)
  - [Indexing](timeseries.html#indexing)
  - [Time/date components](timeseries.html#time-date-components)
  - [DateOffset objects](timeseries.html#dateoffset-objects)
  - [Time Series-Related Instance Methods](timeseries.html#time-series-related-instance-methods)
  - [Resampling](timeseries.html#resampling)
  - [Time span representation](timeseries.html#time-span-representation)
  - [Converting between representations](timeseries.html#converting-between-representations)
  - [Representing out-of-bounds spans](timeseries.html#representing-out-of-bounds-spans)
  - [Time zone handling](timeseries.html#time-zone-handling)
- [时间增量](timedeltas.html)
  - [Parsing](timedeltas.html#parsing)
  - [Operations](timedeltas.html#operations)
  - [Reductions](timedeltas.html#reductions)
  - [Frequency conversion](timedeltas.html#frequency-conversion)
  - [Attributes](timedeltas.html#attributes)
  - [TimedeltaIndex](timedeltas.html#timedeltaindex)
  - [Resampling](timedeltas.html#resampling)
- [样式](style.html)
  - [Building styles](style.html#Building-styles)
  - [Finer control: slicing](style.html#Finer-control:-slicing)
  - [Finer Control: Display Values](style.html#Finer-Control:-Display-Values)
  - [Builtin styles](style.html#Builtin-styles)
  - [Sharing styles](style.html#Sharing-styles)
  - [Other Options](style.html#Other-Options)
  - [Fun stuff](style.html#Fun-stuff)
  - [Export to Excel](style.html#Export-to-Excel)
  - [Extensibility](style.html#Extensibility)
- [选项和设置](options.html)
  - [Overview](options.html#overview)
  - [Getting and setting options](options.html#getting-and-setting-options)
  - [Setting startup options in Python/IPython environment](options.html#setting-startup-options-in-python-ipython-environment)
  - [Frequently Used Options](options.html#frequently-used-options)
  - [Available options](options.html#available-options)
  - [Number formatting](options.html#number-formatting)
  - [Unicode formatting](options.html#unicode-formatting)
  - [Table schema display](options.html#table-schema-display)
- [提高性能](enhancingperf.html)
  - [Cython (writing C extensions for pandas)](enhancingperf.html#cython-writing-c-extensions-for-pandas)
  - [Using Numba](enhancingperf.html#using-numba)
  - [Expression evaluation via ``>eval()``](enhancingperf.html#expression-evaluation-via-eval)
- [稀疏数据结构](sparse.html)
  - [SparseArray](sparse.html#sparsearray)
  - [SparseDtype](sparse.html#sparsedtype)
  - [Sparse accessor](sparse.html#sparse-accessor)
  - [Sparse calculation](sparse.html#sparse-calculation)
  - [Migrating](sparse.html#migrating)
  - [Interaction with scipy.sparse](sparse.html#interaction-with-scipy-sparse)
  - [Sparse subclasses](sparse.html#sparse-subclasses)
- [常见问题(FAQ)](gotchas.html)
  - [DataFrame memory usage](gotchas.html#dataframe-memory-usage)
  - [Using if/truth statements with pandas](gotchas.html#using-if-truth-statements-with-pandas)
  - [``NaN``, Integer ``NA`` values and ``NA`` type promotions](gotchas.html#nan-integer-na-values-and-na-type-promotions)
  - [Differences with NumPy](gotchas.html#differences-with-numpy)
  - [Thread-safety](gotchas.html#thread-safety)
  - [Byte-Ordering issues](gotchas.html#byte-ordering-issues)
- [烹饪指南](cookbook.html)
  - [Idioms](cookbook.html#idioms)
  - [Selection](cookbook.html#selection)
  - [MultiIndexing](cookbook.html#multiindexing)
  - [Missing data](cookbook.html#missing-data)
  - [Grouping](cookbook.html#grouping)
  - [Timeseries](cookbook.html#timeseries)
  - [Merge](cookbook.html#merge)
  - [Plotting](cookbook.html#plotting)
  - [Data In/Out](cookbook.html#data-in-out)
  - [Computation](cookbook.html#computation)
  - [Timedeltas](cookbook.html#timedeltas)
  - [Aliasing axis names](cookbook.html#aliasing-axis-names)
  - [Creating example data](cookbook.html#creating-example-data)