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68 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
68 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
# 生成多边形以填充3D线图
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演示如何创建填充线图下空间的多边形。 在这个例子中，多边形是半透明的，产生一种“锯齿状的彩色玻璃”效果。
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```python
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# This import registers the 3D projection, but is otherwise unused.
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from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D # noqa: F401 unused import
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from matplotlib.collections import PolyCollection
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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from matplotlib import colors as mcolors
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import numpy as np
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# Fixing random state for reproducibility
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np.random.seed(19680801)
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def cc(arg):
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'''
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Shorthand to convert 'named' colors to rgba format at 60% opacity.
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'''
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return mcolors.to_rgba(arg, alpha=0.6)
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def polygon_under_graph(xlist, ylist):
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'''
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Construct the vertex list which defines the polygon filling the space under
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the (xlist, ylist) line graph. Assumes the xs are in ascending order.
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'''
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return [(xlist[0], 0.), *zip(xlist, ylist), (xlist[-1], 0.)]
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fig = plt.figure()
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ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
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# Make verts a list, verts[i] will be a list of (x,y) pairs defining polygon i
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verts = []
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# Set up the x sequence
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xs = np.linspace(0., 10., 26)
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# The ith polygon will appear on the plane y = zs[i]
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zs = range(4)
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for i in zs:
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ys = np.random.rand(len(xs))
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verts.append(polygon_under_graph(xs, ys))
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poly = PolyCollection(verts, facecolors=[cc('r'), cc('g'), cc('b'), cc('y')])
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ax.add_collection3d(poly, zs=zs, zdir='y')
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ax.set_xlabel('X')
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ax.set_ylabel('Y')
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ax.set_zlabel('Z')
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ax.set_xlim(0, 10)
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ax.set_ylim(-1, 4)
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ax.set_zlim(0, 1)
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plt.show()
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```
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## 下载这个示例
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- [下载python源码: polys3d.py](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/polys3d.py)
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- [下载Jupyter notebook: polys3d.ipynb](https://matplotlib.org/_downloads/polys3d.ipynb)
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