翻译至 "First of all we need to download......"

This commit is contained in:
Hao Lee
2016-12-21 19:49:36 +08:00
parent 9a3e641513
commit 8a730efb57

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@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ Installing Linux kernel
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As I already wrote we will consider two ways how to launch new kernel: In the first case we can install and run the new version of the Linux kernel on the real hardware and the second is launch the Linux kernel on a virtual machine. In the previous paragraph we saw how to build the Linux kernel from source code and as a result we have got compressed image:
正如我之前所写的,我们将考察两种用来运行新内核的方法:第一种情况,我们可以在真实的硬件上安装并运行新版本的 Linux 内核,第二种情况就是在虚拟机上运行 Linux 内核。在前面的段落中我们看到了如何从源代码来构建 Linux 内核,由此,我们现在得到了内核的压缩镜像。
```
...
@@ -208,6 +209,7 @@ Kernel: arch/x86/boot/bzImage is ready (#73)
```
After we have got the [bzImage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vmlinux#bzImage) we need to install `headers`, `modules` of the new Linux kernel with the:
在我们获得了 [bzImage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vmlinux#bzImage) 之后,我们需要使用以下命令来为新的 Linux 内核安装 `headers``modules`
```
$ sudo make headers_install
@@ -215,12 +217,14 @@ $ sudo make modules_install
```
and directly the kernel itself:
以及内核自身:
```
$ sudo make install
```
From this moment we have installed new version of the Linux kernel and now we must tell the `bootloader` about it. Of course we can add it manually by the editing of the `/boot/grub2/grub.cfg` configuration file, but I prefer to use a script for this purpose. I'm using two different Linux distros: Fedora and Ubuntu. There are two different ways to update the [grub](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_GRUB) configuration file. I'm using following script for this purpose:
从这时起,我们已经安装好了新版本的 Linux 内核,现在我们需要通知 `bootloader` 新内核已经安装完成。当然,我们可以手动编辑 `/boot/grub2/grub.cfg` 配置文件并将新内核添加进去,但是我推荐使用脚本来完成这件事。我现在在使用两种不同的 Linux 发行版Fedora 和 Ubuntu。有两种方式可以更新 [grub](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_GRUB) 配置文件,我目前正在使用下面的脚本来达到这一目的。
```shell
#!/bin/bash
@@ -241,8 +245,10 @@ echo "${Green}Done.${Color_Off}"
```
This is the last step of the new Linux kernel installation and after this you can reboot your computer and select new version of the kernel during boot.
这是新 Linux 内核安装过程的最后一步,在这之后你可以重启你的电脑,然后在启动过程中选择新版本的内核。
The second case is to launch new Linux kernel in the virtual machine. I prefer [qemu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QEMU). First of all we need to build initial ramdisk - [initrd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd) for this. The `initrd` is a temporary root file system that is used by the Linux kernel during initialization process while other filesystems are not mounted. We can build `initrd` with the following commands:
第二种情况就是在虚拟机内运行新的 Linux 内核,我更倾向于使用 [qemu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QEMU)。首先,我们需要为此构建初始的虚拟内存盘 - [initrd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd)。`initrd` 是一个临时的根文件系统,它在初始化期间被 Linux 内核使用,而那时其他的文件系统尚未被挂载。我们可以使用以下命令构建 `initrd`
First of all we need to download [busybox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BusyBox) and run `menuconfig` for its configuration: