Files
C-Plus-Plus/d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning.html
2024-08-30 17:22:07 +00:00

1854 lines
181 KiB
HTML

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/xhtml;charset=UTF-8"/>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=11"/>
<meta name="generator" content="Doxygen 1.12.0"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/>
<title>Algorithms_in_C++: machine_learning Namespace Reference</title>
<link href="../../tabs.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../dynsections.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../clipboard.js"></script>
<link href="../../navtree.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../navtreedata.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../navtree.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../resize.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../cookie.js"></script>
<link href="../../search/search.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../search/searchdata.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../search/search.js"></script>
<script type="text/x-mathjax-config">
MathJax.Hub.Config({
extensions: ["tex2jax.js", "TeX/AMSmath.js", "TeX/AMSsymbols.js"],
jax: ["input/TeX","output/HTML-CSS"],
});
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.7/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML/MathJax.js"></script>
<link href="../../doxygen.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="top"><!-- do not remove this div, it is closed by doxygen! -->
<div id="titlearea">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr id="projectrow">
<td id="projectalign">
<div id="projectname">Algorithms_in_C++<span id="projectnumber">&#160;1.0.0</span>
</div>
<div id="projectbrief">Set of algorithms implemented in C++.</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<!-- end header part -->
<!-- Generated by Doxygen 1.12.0 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
/* @license magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&amp;dn=expat.txt MIT */
var searchBox = new SearchBox("searchBox", "../../search/",'.html');
/* @license-end */
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
/* @license magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&amp;dn=expat.txt MIT */
$(function() { codefold.init(1); });
/* @license-end */
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../menudata.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../menu.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
/* @license magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&amp;dn=expat.txt MIT */
$(function() {
initMenu('../../',true,false,'search.php','Search',true);
$(function() { init_search(); });
});
/* @license-end */
</script>
<div id="main-nav"></div>
</div><!-- top -->
<div id="side-nav" class="ui-resizable side-nav-resizable">
<div id="nav-tree">
<div id="nav-tree-contents">
<div id="nav-sync" class="sync"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="splitbar" style="-moz-user-select:none;"
class="ui-resizable-handle">
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
/* @license magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&amp;dn=expat.txt MIT */
$(function(){initNavTree('d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning.html','../../'); initResizable(true); });
/* @license-end */
</script>
<div id="doc-content">
<!-- window showing the filter options -->
<div id="MSearchSelectWindow"
onmouseover="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectShow()"
onmouseout="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectHide()"
onkeydown="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectKey(event)">
</div>
<!-- iframe showing the search results (closed by default) -->
<div id="MSearchResultsWindow">
<div id="MSearchResults">
<div class="SRPage">
<div id="SRIndex">
<div id="SRResults"></div>
<div class="SRStatus" id="Loading">Loading...</div>
<div class="SRStatus" id="Searching">Searching...</div>
<div class="SRStatus" id="NoMatches">No Matches</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="header">
<div class="summary">
<a href="#nested-classes">Classes</a> &#124;
<a href="#func-members">Functions</a> &#124;
<a href="#var-members">Variables</a> </div>
<div class="headertitle"><div class="title">machine_learning Namespace Reference<div class="ingroups"><a class="el" href="../../d9/d66/group__machine__learning.html">Machine Learning Algorithms</a></div></div></div>
</div><!--header-->
<div class="contents">
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A*_search_algorithm" target="_blank">A* search algorithm</a>
<a href="#details">More...</a></p>
<table class="memberdecls">
<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a id="nested-classes" name="nested-classes"></a>
Classes</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">class &#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d30/classmachine__learning_1_1adaline.html">adaline</a></td></tr>
<tr class="separator:"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
</table><table class="memberdecls">
<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a id="func-members" name="func-members"></a>
Functions</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07" id="r_aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">int&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07">save_u_matrix</a> (const char *fname, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;W)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3" id="r_ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">double&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3">update_weights</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &amp;X, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; *W, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; *D, double alpha, int R)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576" id="r_ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576">kohonen_som</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &amp;X, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; *W, double alpha_min)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631" id="r_aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631">update_weights</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &amp;x, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; *W, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; *D, double alpha, int R)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3" id="r_a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3">kohonen_som_tracer</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &amp;X, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; *W, double alpha_min)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7" id="r_a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7">operator&lt;&lt;</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;out, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; const &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35" id="r_af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35">operator&lt;&lt;</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;out, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; T, T &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269" id="r_a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269">operator&lt;&lt;</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;out, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd" id="r_a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd">insert_element</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;A, const T &amp;ele)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093" id="r_a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093">pop_front</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d" id="r_ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d">pop_back</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f" id="r_af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f">equal_shuffle</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;A, <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;B)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905" id="r_abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905">uniform_random_initialization</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; &amp;shape, const T &amp;low, const T &amp;high)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4" id="r_a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4">unit_matrix_initialization</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; &amp;shape)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e" id="r_ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e">zeroes_initialization</a> (<a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; &amp;shape)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35" id="r_a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">T&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35">sum</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078" id="r_aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26" id="r_ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26">minmax_scaler</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const T &amp;low, const T &amp;high)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec" id="r_a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">size_t&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec">argmax</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb" id="r_ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb">apply_function</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, T(*func)(const T &amp;))</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695" id="r_a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695">operator*</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const T &amp;val)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5" id="r_ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5">operator/</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const T &amp;val)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a" id="r_a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a">transpose</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2" id="r_a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2">operator+</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;B)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3" id="r_a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3">operator-</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;B)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9" id="r_a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9">multiply</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;B)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43" id="r_acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43"><td class="memTemplParams" colspan="2">template&lt;typename T &gt; </td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43"><td class="memTemplItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt;&#160;</td><td class="memTemplItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43">hadamard_product</a> (const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A, const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;B)</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
</table><table class="memberdecls">
<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a id="var-members" name="var-members"></a>
Variables</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786" id="r_a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">constexpr double&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="#a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786">MIN_DISTANCE</a> = 1e-4</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<a name="details" id="details"></a><h2 class="groupheader">Detailed Description</h2>
<div class="textblock"><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A*_search_algorithm" target="_blank">A* search algorithm</a> </p>
<p>Machine Learning algorithms.</p>
<p>for <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a></p>
<p>Machine learning algorithms.</p>
<p>A* is an informed search algorithm, or a best-first search, meaning that it is formulated in terms of weighted graphs: starting from a specific starting node of a graph (initial state), it aims to find a path to the given goal node having the smallest cost (least distance travelled, shortest time, etc.). It evaluates by maintaining a tree of paths originating at the start node and extending those paths one edge at a time until it reaches the final state. The weighted edges (or cost) is evaluated on two factors, G score (cost required from starting node or initial state to current state) and H score (cost required from current state to final state). The F(state), then is evaluated as: F(state) = G(state) + H(state).</p>
<p>To solve the given search with shortest cost or path possible is to inspect values having minimum F(state). </p><dl class="section author"><dt>Author</dt><dd><a href="https://github.com/AshishYUO" target="_blank">Ashish Daulatabad</a> for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/reverse.html">std::reverse</a></code> function for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/array.html">std::array</a></code>, representing <code>EightPuzzle</code> board for <code>assert</code> for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/functional/function.html">std::function</a></code> STL for IO operations for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/map.html">std::map</a></code> STL for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/shared_ptr.html">std::shared_ptr</a></code> for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/set.html">std::set</a></code> STL for <code><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a></code> STL</dd></dl>
<p>Machine learning algorithms</p>
<p>for <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/transform.html">std::transform</a> and <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/sort.html">std::sort</a> for assert for <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/pow.html">std::pow</a> and <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/sqrt.html">std::sqrt</a> for <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> for <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/accumulate.html">std::accumulate</a> for <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/unordered_map.html">std::unordered_map</a></p>
<p>Machine learning algorithms </p>
</div><h2 class="groupheader">Function Documentation</h2>
<a id="ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb" name="ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ad0bdc88e5f1be47c46c0f0c8ebf754bb">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>apply_function()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::apply_function </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">T(*</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>func&#160;</em></span>)(const T &amp;)&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function which applys supplied function to every element of 2D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector on which function will be applied </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">func</td><td>Function to be applied </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 330</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 331</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;double&gt;</a>&gt; B =</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 332</span> A; <span class="comment">// New vector to store resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 333</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;b : B) { <span class="comment">// For every row in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 334</span> b = b.apply(func); <span class="comment">// Apply function to that row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 335</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 336</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 337</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="avector_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a></div></div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec" name="a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>argmax()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">size_t machine_learning::argmax </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to get index of maximum element in 2D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector for which maximum index is required </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>index of maximum element </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 307</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 308</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(A);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 309</span> <span class="comment">// As this function is used on predicted (or target) vector, shape should be</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 310</span> <span class="comment">// (1, X)</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 311</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (shape.first != 1) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 312</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 313</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Supplied vector is ineligible for argmax&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 314</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 315</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 316</span> <span class="comment">// Return distance of max element from first element (i.e. index)</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 317</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/distance.html">std::distance</a>(<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/begin.html">std::begin</a>(A[0]),</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 318</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max_element.html">std::max_element</a>(<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/begin.html">std::begin</a>(A[0]), <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/end.html">std::end</a>(A[0])));</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 319</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="abasic_ostream_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="abegin_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/begin.html">std::begin</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T begin(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="adistance_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/distance.html">std::distance</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T distance(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="aend_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/end.html">std::end</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T end(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="aendl_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T endl(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="aexit_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T exit(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="amax_element_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max_element.html">std::max_element</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T max_element(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="anamespacemachine__learning_html_aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078"><div class="ttname"><a href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">machine_learning::get_shape</a></div><div class="ttdeci">std::pair&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; get_shape(const std::vector&lt; std::valarray&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> vector_ops.hpp:247</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a50480fccfb39de20ca47f1bf51ecb6ec_cgraph.svg" width="536" height="351"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f" name="af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>equal_shuffle()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::equal_shuffle </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>B</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to equally shuffle two 3D vectors (used for shuffling training data) </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>First 3D vector </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">B</td><td>Second 3D vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 137</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 138</span> <span class="comment">// If two vectors have different sizes</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 139</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>() != B.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>()) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 140</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 141</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 142</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Can not equally shuffle two vectors with different sizes: &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 143</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>() &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot; and &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; B.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>() &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 144</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 145</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 146</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); i++) { <span class="comment">// For every element in A and B</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 147</span> <span class="comment">// Genrating random index &lt; size of A and B</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 148</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/srand.html">std::srand</a>(<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/system_clock/now.html">std::chrono::system_clock::now</a>().time_since_epoch().count());</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 149</span> <span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> random_index = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/rand.html">std::rand</a>() % A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 150</span> <span class="comment">// Swap elements in both A and B with same random index</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 151</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/swap.html">std::swap</a>(A[i], A[random_index]);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 152</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/swap.html">std::swap</a>(B[i], B[random_index]);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 153</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 154</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 155</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="anow_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/system_clock/now.html">std::chrono::system_clock::now</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T now(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="arand_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/rand.html">std::rand</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T rand(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="asize_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">std::vector::size</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T size(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="asrand_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/srand.html">std::srand</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T srand(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="aswap_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/swap.html">std::swap</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T swap(T... args)</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_af801bf30591ca6b2c38ff4fed0ded23f_cgraph.svg" width="358" height="299"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078" name="aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>get_shape()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; machine_learning::get_shape </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to get shape of given 2D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector for which shape is required </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>shape as pair </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 247</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 248</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> sub_size = (*A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/begin.html">begin</a>()).size();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 249</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;a : A) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 250</span> <span class="comment">// If supplied vector don&#39;t have same shape in all rows</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 251</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (a.size() != sub_size) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 252</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 253</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Supplied vector is not 2D Matrix&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 254</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 255</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 256</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 257</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair/make_pair.html">std::make_pair</a>(A.size(), sub_size); <span class="comment">// Return shape as pair</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 258</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="amake_pair_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair/make_pair.html">std::make_pair</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T make_pair(T... args)</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078_cgraph.svg" width="315" height="135"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43" name="acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>hadamard_product()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::hadamard_product </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>B</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to get hadamard product of two 2D vectors </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>First 2D vector </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">B</td><td>Second 2D vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 496</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 497</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_a = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(A);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 498</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_b = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(B);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 499</span> <span class="comment">// If vectors are not eligible for hadamard product</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 500</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (shape_a.first != shape_b.first || shape_a.second != shape_b.second) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 501</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 502</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Vectors have different shapes &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 503</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; shape_a &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot; and &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; shape_b &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 504</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 505</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 506</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a>&gt; C; <span class="comment">// Vector to store result</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 507</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); i++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 508</span> C.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(A[i] * B[i]); <span class="comment">// Elementwise multiplication</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 509</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 510</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> C; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 511</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="apush_back_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">std::vector::push_back</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T push_back(T... args)</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_acafa3e62b686aebdbad81c4f89913f43_cgraph.svg" width="556" height="198"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd" name="a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a496302e3371aa7b478cb7d5917904bdd">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>insert_element()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; machine_learning::insert_element </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>ele</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to insert element into 1D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the 1D vector and the element </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>1D vector in which element will to be inserted </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">ele</td><td>element to be inserted </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 85</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 86</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a> B; <span class="comment">// New 1D vector to store resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 87</span> B.resize(A.size() + 1); <span class="comment">// Resizing it accordingly</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 88</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; A.size(); i++) { <span class="comment">// For every element in A</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 89</span> B[i] = A[i]; <span class="comment">// Copy element in B</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 90</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 91</span> B[B.size() - 1] = ele; <span class="comment">// Inserting new element in last position</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 92</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 93</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="avalarray_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a></div></div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576" name="ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>kohonen_som()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::kohonen_som </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>X</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>W</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">double</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>alpha_min</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Apply incremental algorithm with updating neighborhood and learning rates on all samples in the given datset.</p>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">X</td><td>data set </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">W</td><td>weights matrix </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">alpha_min</td><td>terminal value of alpha </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 271</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 272</span> <span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> num_samples = X.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); <span class="comment">// number of rows</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 273</span> <span class="comment">// size_t num_features = X[0].size(); // number of columns</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 274</span> <span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> num_out = W-&gt;<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); <span class="comment">// output matrix size</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 275</span> <span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> R = num_out &gt;&gt; 2, iter = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 276</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> alpha = 1.f;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 277</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 278</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;double&gt;</a>&gt; D(num_out);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 279</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i &lt; num_out; i++) D[i] = std::valarray&lt;double&gt;(num_out);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 280</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 281</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> dmin = 1.f; <span class="comment">// average minimum distance of all samples</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 282</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> past_dmin = 1.f; <span class="comment">// average minimum distance of all samples</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 283</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> dmin_ratio = 1.f; <span class="comment">// change per step</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 284</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 285</span> <span class="comment">// Loop alpha from 1 to slpha_min</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 286</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (; alpha &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; dmin_ratio &gt; 1e-5; alpha -= 1e-4, iter++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 287</span> <span class="comment">// Loop for each sample pattern in the data set</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 288</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> sample = 0; sample &lt; num_samples; sample++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 289</span> <span class="comment">// update weights for the current input pattern sample</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 290</span> dmin += <a class="code hl_function" href="#ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3">update_weights</a>(X[sample], W, &amp;D, alpha, R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 291</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 292</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 293</span> <span class="comment">// every 100th iteration, reduce the neighborhood range</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 294</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (iter % 300 == 0 &amp;&amp; R &gt; 1) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 295</span> R--;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 296</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 297</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 298</span> dmin /= num_samples;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 299</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 300</span> <span class="comment">// termination condition variable -&gt; % change in minimum distance</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 301</span> dmin_ratio = (past_dmin - dmin) / past_dmin;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 302</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (dmin_ratio &lt; 0) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 303</span> dmin_ratio = 1.f;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 304</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 305</span> past_dmin = dmin;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 306</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 307</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;iter: &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; iter &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;\t alpha: &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; alpha &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;\t R: &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; R</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 308</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;\t d_min: &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; dmin_ratio &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;\r&quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 309</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 310</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 311</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;\n&quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 312</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="anamespacemachine__learning_html_ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3"><div class="ttname"><a href="#ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3">machine_learning::update_weights</a></div><div class="ttdeci">double update_weights(const std::valarray&lt; double &gt; &amp;X, std::vector&lt; std::vector&lt; std::valarray&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; *W, std::vector&lt; std::valarray&lt; double &gt; &gt; *D, double alpha, int R)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> kohonen_som_topology.cpp:200</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><div class="zoom"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_ac43d294e21a0c4fa33c53757df054576_cgraph.svg" width="100%" height="530"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3" name="a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>kohonen_som_tracer()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::kohonen_som_tracer </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>X</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>W</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">double</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>alpha_min</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Apply incremental algorithm with updating neighborhood and learning rates on all samples in the given datset.</p>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">X</td><td>data set </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">W</td><td>weights matrix </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">alpha_min</td><td>terminal value of alpha </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 151</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 152</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> num_samples = X.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); <span class="comment">// number of rows</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 153</span> <span class="comment">// int num_features = X[0].size(); // number of columns</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 154</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> num_out = W-&gt;<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); <span class="comment">// number of rows</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 155</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> R = num_out &gt;&gt; 2, iter = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 156</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> alpha = 1.f;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 157</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 158</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;double&gt;</a> D(num_out);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 159</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 160</span> <span class="comment">// Loop alpha from 1 to slpha_min</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 161</span> <span class="keywordflow">do</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 162</span> <span class="comment">// Loop for each sample pattern in the data set</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 163</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> sample = 0; sample &lt; num_samples; sample++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 164</span> <span class="comment">// update weights for the current input pattern sample</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 165</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="#ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3">update_weights</a>(X[sample], W, &amp;D, alpha, R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 166</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 167</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 168</span> <span class="comment">// every 10th iteration, reduce the neighborhood range</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 169</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (iter % 10 == 0 &amp;&amp; R &gt; 1) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 170</span> R--;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 171</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 172</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 173</span> alpha -= 0.01;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 174</span> iter++;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 175</span> } <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (alpha &gt; alpha_min);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 176</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><div class="zoom"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a042f435bca0839e721fc1574a61e8da3_cgraph.svg" width="100%" height="530"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26" name="ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>minmax_scaler()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; machine_learning::minmax_scaler </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>low</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>high</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to scale given 3D vector using min-max scaler </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>3D vector which will be scaled </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">low</td><td>new minimum value </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">high</td><td>new maximum value </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new scaled 3D vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 271</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 272</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a>&gt;&gt; B =</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 273</span> A; <span class="comment">// Copying into new vector B</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 274</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(B[0]); <span class="comment">// Storing shape of B&#39;s every element</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 275</span> <span class="comment">// As this function is used for scaling training data vector should be of</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 276</span> <span class="comment">// shape (1, X)</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 277</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (shape.first != 1) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 278</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 279</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 280</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Supplied vector is not supported for minmax scaling, shape: &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 281</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; shape &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 282</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 283</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 284</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; shape.second; i++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 285</span> T min = B[0][0][i], max = B[0][0][i];</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 286</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> j = 0; j &lt; B.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); j++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 287</span> <span class="comment">// Updating minimum and maximum values</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 288</span> min = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min</a>(min, B[j][0][i]);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 289</span> max = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max</a>(max, B[j][0][i]);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 290</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 291</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> j = 0; j &lt; B.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); j++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 292</span> <span class="comment">// Applying min-max scaler formula</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 293</span> B[j][0][i] =</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 294</span> ((B[j][0][i] - <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">min</a>) / (<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">max</a> - <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">min</a>)) * (high - low) + low;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 295</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 296</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 297</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 3D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 298</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="amax_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T max(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="amin_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T min(T... args)</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_ac332d152078e96311e43ac5e7183ea26_cgraph.svg" width="539" height="296"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9" name="a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>multiply()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::multiply </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>B</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to multiply two 2D vectors </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>First 2D vector </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">B</td><td>Second 2D vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 461</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 462</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_a = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(A);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 463</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_b = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(B);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 464</span> <span class="comment">// If vectors are not eligible for multiplication</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 465</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (shape_a.second != shape_b.first) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 466</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 467</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Vectors are not eligible for multiplication &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 468</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; shape_a &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot; and &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; shape_b &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 469</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 470</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 471</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a>&gt; C; <span class="comment">// Vector to store result</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 472</span> <span class="comment">// Normal matrix multiplication</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 473</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; shape_a.first; i++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 474</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a> row;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 475</span> row.resize(shape_b.second);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 476</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> j = 0; j &lt; shape_b.second; j++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 477</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> k = 0; k &lt; shape_a.second; k++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 478</span> row[j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 479</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 480</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 481</span> C.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(row);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 482</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 483</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> C; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 484</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a5342906d42b80fc6b6b3ad17bf00fcb9_cgraph.svg" width="544" height="198"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695" name="a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a16f34574b7e0dd51bc3b3fda37446695">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator*()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::operator* </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>val</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "*" to multiply given 2D vector with scaler </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of both vector and the scaler </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector to which scaler will be multiplied </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">val</td><td>Scaler value which will be multiplied </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 348</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 349</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;double&gt;</a>&gt; B =</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 350</span> A; <span class="comment">// New vector to store resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 351</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;b : B) { <span class="comment">// For every row in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 352</span> b = b * val; <span class="comment">// Multiply row with scaler</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 353</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 354</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 355</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2" name="a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator+()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::operator+ </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>B</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "+" to add two 2D vectors </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>First 2D vector </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">B</td><td>Second 2D vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 408</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 409</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_a = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(A);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 410</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_b = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(B);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 411</span> <span class="comment">// If vectors don&#39;t have equal shape</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 412</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (shape_a.first != shape_b.first || shape_a.second != shape_b.second) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 413</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 414</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Supplied vectors have different shapes &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 415</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; shape_a &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot; and &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; shape_b &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 416</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 417</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 418</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a>&gt; C;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 419</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); i++) { <span class="comment">// For every row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 420</span> C.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(A[i] + B[i]); <span class="comment">// Elementwise addition</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 421</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 422</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> C; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 423</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a2466857dab977a49f117029835b3b6d2_cgraph.svg" width="554" height="198"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3" name="a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator-()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::operator- </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>B</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "-" to add subtract 2D vectors </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>First 2D vector </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">B</td><td>Second 2D vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 435</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 436</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_a = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(A);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 437</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape_b = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(B);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 438</span> <span class="comment">// If vectors don&#39;t have equal shape</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 439</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (shape_a.first != shape_b.first || shape_a.second != shape_b.second) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 440</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;ERROR (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;) : &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 441</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;Supplied vectors have different shapes &quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 442</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; shape_a &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot; and &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; shape_b &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 443</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/program/exit.html">std::exit</a>(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 444</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 445</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a>&gt; C; <span class="comment">// Vector to store result</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 446</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); i++) { <span class="comment">// For every row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 447</span> C.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(A[i] - B[i]); <span class="comment">// Elementwise substraction</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 448</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 449</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> C; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 450</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a0cc29566568e0383dd7d374068cbe6b3_cgraph.svg" width="550" height="198"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5" name="ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ae6ec42318d172b97fbdf45638d09d7b5">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator/()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::operator/ </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>val</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "/" to divide given 2D vector with scaler </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector and the scaler </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector to which scaler will be divided </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">val</td><td>Scaler value which will be divided </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 366</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 367</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;double&gt;</a>&gt; B =</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 368</span> A; <span class="comment">// New vector to store resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 369</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;b : B) { <span class="comment">// For every row in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 370</span> b = b / val; <span class="comment">// Divide row with scaler</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 371</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 372</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 373</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35" name="af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator&lt;&lt;() <span class="overload">[1/3]</span></h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp; machine_learning::operator&lt;&lt; </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>out</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; T, T &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "&lt;&lt;" to print a pair </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the pair </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">out</td><td><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> to output </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>Pair to be printed </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 52</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 53</span> <span class="comment">// Setting output precision to 4 in case of floating point numbers</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 54</span> out.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/ios_base/precision.html">precision</a>(4);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 55</span> <span class="comment">// printing pair in the form (p, q)</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 56</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;(&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; A.first &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;, &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; A.second &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;)&quot;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 57</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> out;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 58</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="aprecision_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/ios_base/precision.html">std::ostream::precision</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T precision(T... args)</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_af4986b23760039711848155739c31b35_cgraph.svg" width="407" height="36"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269" name="a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator&lt;&lt;() <span class="overload">[2/3]</span></h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp; machine_learning::operator&lt;&lt; </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>out</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "&lt;&lt;" to print a 1D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">out</td><td><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> to output </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>1D vector to be printed </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 67</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 68</span> <span class="comment">// Setting output precision to 4 in case of floating point numbers</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 69</span> out.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/ios_base/precision.html">precision</a>(4);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 70</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;a : A) { <span class="comment">// For every element in the vector.</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 71</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; a &lt;&lt; <span class="charliteral">&#39; &#39;</span>; <span class="comment">// Print element</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 72</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 73</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 74</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> out;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 75</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a54bf1f3c43271a5fc93101f6ae2e6269_cgraph.svg" width="407" height="86"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7" name="a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>operator&lt;&lt;() <span class="overload">[3/3]</span></h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp; machine_learning::operator&lt;&lt; </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>out</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; const &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Overloaded operator "&lt;&lt;" to print 2D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">out</td><td><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::ostream</a> to output </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector to be printed </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 33</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 34</span> <span class="comment">// Setting output precision to 4 in case of floating point numbers</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 35</span> out.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/ios_base/precision.html">precision</a>(4);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 36</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;a : A) { <span class="comment">// For each row in A</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 37</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;x : a) { <span class="comment">// For each element in row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 38</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; <span class="charliteral">&#39; &#39;</span>; <span class="comment">// print element</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 39</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 40</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cout</a> &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 41</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 42</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> out;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 43</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a84260cb1be9b63d6e38107000ac4b7e7_cgraph.svg" width="407" height="86"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d" name="ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ae10178b082f0205c326550877d998e5d">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>pop_back()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; machine_learning::pop_back </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to remove last element from 1D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>1D vector from which last element will be removed </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 119</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 120</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a> B; <span class="comment">// New 1D vector to store resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 121</span> B.resize(A.size() - 1); <span class="comment">// Resizing it accordingly</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 122</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; A.size() - 1;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 123</span> i++) { <span class="comment">// For every (except last) element in A</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 124</span> B[i] = A[i]; <span class="comment">// Copy element in B</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 125</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 126</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 127</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093" name="a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a912cf68863063a38d6e63545be5eb093">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>pop_front()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; machine_learning::pop_front </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to remove first element from 1D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>1D vector from which first element will be removed </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 102</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 103</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a> B; <span class="comment">// New 1D vector to store resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 104</span> B.resize(A.size() - 1); <span class="comment">// Resizing it accordingly</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 105</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 1; i &lt; A.size();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 106</span> i++) { <span class="comment">// // For every (except first) element in A</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 107</span> B[i - 1] = A[i]; <span class="comment">// Copy element in B with left shifted position</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 108</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 109</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return resultant vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 110</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07" name="aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>save_u_matrix()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">int machine_learning::save_u_matrix </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const char *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>fname</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>W</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Create the distance matrix or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matrix" target="_blank">U-matrix</a> from the trained 3D weiths matrix and save to disk.</p>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">fname</td><td>filename to save in (gets overwriten without confirmation) </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">W</td><td>model matrix to save </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>0 if all ok </dd>
<dd>
-1 if file creation failed </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 143</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 144</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ofstream.html">std::ofstream</a> fp(fname);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 145</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (!fp) { <span class="comment">// error with fopen</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 146</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ostream.html">std::cerr</a> &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;File error (&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; fname &lt;&lt; <span class="stringliteral">&quot;): &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/byte/strerror.html">std::strerror</a>(errno)</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 147</span> &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/endl.html">std::endl</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 148</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> -1;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 149</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 150</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 151</span> <span class="comment">// neighborhood range</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 152</span> <span class="keywordtype">unsigned</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> R = 1;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 153</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 154</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i &lt; W.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); i++) { <span class="comment">// for each x</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 155</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> j = 0; j &lt; W[0].<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); j++) { <span class="comment">// for each y</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 156</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> distance = 0.f;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 157</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 158</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> from_x = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max&lt;int&gt;</a>(0, i - R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 159</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> to_x = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min&lt;int&gt;</a>(W.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(), i + R + 1);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 160</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> from_y = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max&lt;int&gt;</a>(0, j - R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 161</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> to_y = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min&lt;int&gt;</a>(W[0].size(), j + R + 1);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 162</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> l = 0, m = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 163</span><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef _OPENMP</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 164</span><span class="preprocessor">#pragma omp parallel for reduction(+ : distance)</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 165</span><span class="preprocessor">#endif</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 166</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (l = from_x; l &lt; to_x; l++) { <span class="comment">// scan neighborhoor in x</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 167</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (m = from_y; m &lt; to_y; m++) { <span class="comment">// scan neighborhood in y</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 168</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> d = W[i][j] - W[l][m];</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 169</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> d2 = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/pow.html">std::pow</a>(d, 2).sum();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 170</span> distance += <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/sqrt.html">std::sqrt</a>(d2);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 171</span> <span class="comment">// distance += d2;</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 172</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 173</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 174</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 175</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/distance.html">distance</a> /= R * R; <span class="comment">// mean distance from neighbors</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 176</span> fp &lt;&lt; <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/distance.html">distance</a>; <span class="comment">// print the mean separation</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 177</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (j &lt; W[0].size() - 1) { <span class="comment">// if not the last column</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 178</span> fp &lt;&lt; <span class="charliteral">&#39;,&#39;</span>; <span class="comment">// suffix comma</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 179</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 180</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 181</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (i &lt; W.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>() - 1) { <span class="comment">// if not the last row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 182</span> fp &lt;&lt; <span class="charliteral">&#39;\n&#39;</span>; <span class="comment">// start a new line</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 183</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 184</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 185</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 186</span> fp.close();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 187</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 188</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="abasic_ofstream_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_ofstream.html">std::ofstream</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="apow_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/pow.html">std::pow</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T pow(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="asqrt_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/sqrt.html">std::sqrt</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T sqrt(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="astrerror_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/byte/strerror.html">std::strerror</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T strerror(T... args)</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_aa72a53c88203fde278f1fe6c3afe5b07_cgraph.svg" width="355" height="332"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35" name="a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>sum()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">T machine_learning::sum </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to get sum of all elements in 2D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector for which sum is required </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>returns sum of all elements of 2D vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 232</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 233</span> T cur_sum = 0; <span class="comment">// Initially sum is zero</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 234</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;a : A) { <span class="comment">// For every row in A</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 235</span> cur_sum += a.sum(); <span class="comment">// Add sum of that row to current sum</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 236</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 237</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> cur_sum; <span class="comment">// Return sum</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 238</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a" name="a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>transpose()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; machine_learning::transpose </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to get transpose of 2D vector </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector which will be transposed </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>new resultant vector </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 383</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 384</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> shape = <a class="code hl_function" href="#aa4bbf61e65f8cd297255fa94b983d078">get_shape</a>(A); <span class="comment">// Current shape of vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 385</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector&lt;std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a>&gt; B; <span class="comment">// New vector to store result</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 386</span> <span class="comment">// Storing transpose values of A in B</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 387</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> j = 0; j &lt; shape.second; j++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 388</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a> row;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 389</span> row.resize(shape.first);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 390</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; shape.first; i++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 391</span> row[i] = A[i][j];</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 392</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 393</span> B.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(row);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 394</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 395</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> B; <span class="comment">// Return new resultant 2D vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 396</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_a89fde571b38f9483576594f66572958a_cgraph.svg" width="556" height="143"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905" name="abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>uniform_random_initialization()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::uniform_random_initialization </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>shape</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>low</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const T &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>high</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to initialize given 2D vector using uniform random initialization </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector to be initialized </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">shape</td><td>required shape </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">low</td><td>lower limit on value </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">high</td><td>upper limit on value </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 168</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 169</span> A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/clear.html">clear</a>(); <span class="comment">// Making A empty</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 170</span> <span class="comment">// Uniform distribution in range [low, high]</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 171</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random.html">std::default_random_engine</a> generator(</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 172</span> <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/system_clock/now.html">std::chrono::system_clock::now</a>().time_since_epoch().count());</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 173</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/uniform_real_distribution.html">std::uniform_real_distribution&lt;T&gt;</a> distribution(low, high);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 174</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; shape.first; i++) { <span class="comment">// For every row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 175</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 176</span> row; <span class="comment">// Making empty row which will be inserted in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 177</span> row.resize(shape.second);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 178</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keyword">auto</span> &amp;r : row) { <span class="comment">// For every element in row</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 179</span> r = distribution(generator); <span class="comment">// copy random number</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 180</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 181</span> A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(row); <span class="comment">// Insert new row in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 182</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 183</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 184</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="aclear_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/clear.html">std::vector::clear</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T clear(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="arandom_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random.html">std::default_random_engine</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="auniform_real_distribution_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/uniform_real_distribution.html">std::uniform_real_distribution</a></div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_abee7b35403af3612222d3b7a53074905_cgraph.svg" width="370" height="52"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4" name="a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a8dd3f1ffbc2f26a3c88da1b1f8b7e9c4">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>unit_matrix_initialization()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::unit_matrix_initialization </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>shape</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to Intialize 2D vector as unit matrix </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector to be initialized </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">shape</td><td>required shape </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 194</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 195</span> A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/clear.html">clear</a>(); <span class="comment">// Making A empty</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 196</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; shape.first; i++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 197</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 198</span> row; <span class="comment">// Making empty row which will be inserted in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 199</span> row.resize(shape.second);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 200</span> row[i] = T(1); <span class="comment">// Insert 1 at ith position</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 201</span> A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(row); <span class="comment">// Insert new row in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 202</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 203</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 204</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631" name="aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>update_weights() <span class="overload">[1/2]</span></h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::update_weights </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>x</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>W</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>D</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">double</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>alpha</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">int</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>R</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Update weights of the SOM using Kohonen algorithm</p>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">X</td><td>data point </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">W</td><td>weights matrix </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">D</td><td>temporary vector to store distances </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">alpha</td><td>learning rate \(0&lt;\alpha\le1\) </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">R</td><td>neighborhood range </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 105</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 106</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> j = 0, k = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 107</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> num_out = W-&gt;<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>(); <span class="comment">// number of SOM output nodes</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 108</span> <span class="comment">// int num_features = x.size(); // number of data features</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 109</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 110</span><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef _OPENMP</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 111</span><span class="preprocessor">#pragma omp for</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 112</span><span class="preprocessor">#endif</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 113</span> <span class="comment">// step 1: for each output point</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 114</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (j = 0; j &lt; num_out; j++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 115</span> <span class="comment">// compute Euclidian distance of each output</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 116</span> <span class="comment">// point from the current sample</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 117</span> (*D)[j] = (((*W)[j] - x) * ((*W)[j] - x)).<a class="code hl_function" href="#a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35">sum</a>();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 118</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 119</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 120</span> <span class="comment">// step 2: get closest node i.e., node with snallest Euclidian distance to</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 121</span> <span class="comment">// the current pattern</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 122</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> result = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min_element.html">std::min_element</a>(<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/begin.html">std::begin</a>(*D), <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/end.html">std::end</a>(*D));</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 123</span> <span class="comment">// double d_min = *result;</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 124</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> d_min_idx = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/distance.html">std::distance</a>(<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/iterator/begin.html">std::begin</a>(*D), result);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 125</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 126</span> <span class="comment">// step 3a: get the neighborhood range</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 127</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> from_node = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max</a>(0, d_min_idx - R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 128</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> to_node = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min</a>(num_out, d_min_idx + R + 1);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 129</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 130</span> <span class="comment">// step 3b: update the weights of nodes in the</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 131</span> <span class="comment">// neighborhood</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 132</span><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef _OPENMP</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 133</span><span class="preprocessor">#pragma omp for</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 134</span><span class="preprocessor">#endif</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 135</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (j = from_node; j &lt; to_node; j++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 136</span> <span class="comment">// update weights of nodes in the neighborhood</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 137</span> (*W)[j] += alpha * (x - (*W)[j]);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 138</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 139</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="amin_element_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min_element.html">std::min_element</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T min_element(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="anamespacemachine__learning_html_a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35"><div class="ttname"><a href="#a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35">machine_learning::sum</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T sum(const std::vector&lt; std::valarray&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;A)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> vector_ops.hpp:232</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_aa6aac06ccf128b0a9c55c9ee1a8e5631_cgraph.svg" width="384" height="332"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3" name="ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>update_weights() <span class="overload">[2/2]</span></h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">double machine_learning::update_weights </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>X</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; &gt; *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>W</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; double &gt; &gt; *</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>D</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">double</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>alpha</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">int</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>R</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Update weights of the SOM using Kohonen algorithm</p>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">X</td><td>data point - N features </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">W</td><td>weights matrix - PxQxN </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">D</td><td>temporary vector to store distances PxQ </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">alpha</td><td>learning rate \(0&lt;\alpha\le1\) </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">R</td><td>neighborhood range </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>minimum distance of sample and trained weights </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 203</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 204</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> x = 0, y = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 205</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> num_out_x = <span class="keyword">static_cast&lt;</span><span class="keywordtype">int</span><span class="keyword">&gt;</span>(W-&gt;<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>()); <span class="comment">// output nodes - in X</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 206</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> num_out_y = <span class="keyword">static_cast&lt;</span><span class="keywordtype">int</span><span class="keyword">&gt;</span>(W[0][0].<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/size.html">size</a>()); <span class="comment">// output nodes - in Y</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 207</span> <span class="comment">// int num_features = static_cast&lt;int&gt;(W[0][0][0].size()); // features =</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 208</span> <span class="comment">// in Z</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 209</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> d_min = 0.f;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 210</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 211</span><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef _OPENMP</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 212</span><span class="preprocessor">#pragma omp for</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 213</span><span class="preprocessor">#endif</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 214</span> <span class="comment">// step 1: for each output point</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 215</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (x = 0; x &lt; num_out_x; x++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 216</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (y = 0; y &lt; num_out_y; y++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 217</span> (*D)[x][y] = 0.f;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 218</span> <span class="comment">// compute Euclidian distance of each output</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 219</span> <span class="comment">// point from the current sample</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 220</span> <span class="keyword">auto</span> d = ((*W)[x][y] - X);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 221</span> (*D)[x][y] = (d * d).<a class="code hl_function" href="#a6f1c98c016ad34ff3d9f39372161bd35">sum</a>();</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 222</span> (*D)[x][y] = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/sqrt.html">std::sqrt</a>((*D)[x][y]);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 223</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 224</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 225</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 226</span> <span class="comment">// step 2: get closest node i.e., node with snallest Euclidian distance</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 227</span> <span class="comment">// to the current pattern</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 228</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> d_min_x = 0, d_min_y = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 229</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/d66/group__machine__learning.html#ga60f9186ccb682724a8792a2bf81e9b9e">get_min_2d</a>(*D, &amp;d_min, &amp;d_min_x, &amp;d_min_y);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 230</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 231</span> <span class="comment">// step 3a: get the neighborhood range</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 232</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> from_x = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max</a>(0, d_min_x - R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 233</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> to_x = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min</a>(num_out_x, d_min_x + R + 1);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 234</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> from_y = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/max.html">std::max</a>(0, d_min_y - R);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 235</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> to_y = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/min.html">std::min</a>(num_out_y, d_min_y + R + 1);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 236</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 237</span> <span class="comment">// step 3b: update the weights of nodes in the</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 238</span> <span class="comment">// neighborhood</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 239</span><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef _OPENMP</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 240</span><span class="preprocessor">#pragma omp for</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 241</span><span class="preprocessor">#endif</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 242</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (x = from_x; x &lt; to_x; x++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 243</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (y = from_y; y &lt; to_y; y++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 244</span> <span class="comment">/* you can enable the following normalization if needed.</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 245</span><span class="comment"> personally, I found it detrimental to convergence */</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 246</span> <span class="comment">// const double s2pi = sqrt(2.f * M_PI);</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 247</span> <span class="comment">// double normalize = 1.f / (alpha * s2pi);</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 248</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 249</span> <span class="comment">/* apply scaling inversely proportional to distance from the</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 250</span><span class="comment"> current node */</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 251</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> d2 =</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 252</span> (d_min_x - x) * (d_min_x - x) + (d_min_y - y) * (d_min_y - y);</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 253</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> scale_factor = <a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/exp.html">std::exp</a>(-d2 / (2.f * alpha * alpha));</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 254</span> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 255</span> (*W)[x][y] += (X - (*W)[x][y]) * alpha * scale_factor;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 256</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 257</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 258</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> d_min;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 259</span>}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="aexp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/exp.html">std::exp</a></div><div class="ttdeci">T exp(T... args)</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="agroup__machine__learning_html_ga60f9186ccb682724a8792a2bf81e9b9e"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/d66/group__machine__learning.html#ga60f9186ccb682724a8792a2bf81e9b9e">get_min_2d</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void get_min_2d(const std::vector&lt; std::valarray&lt; double &gt; &gt; &amp;X, double *val, int *x_idx, int *y_idx)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> kohonen_som_topology.cpp:105</div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
<div class="dyncontent">
<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning_ae868ad43698a1d69ba46ea3827d7d2c3_cgraph.svg" width="554" height="307"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a id="ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e" name="ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ac1bdaa2a724b4ce6a6bb371a5dbe2e7e">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>zeroes_initialization()</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<div class="memtemplate">
template&lt;typename T &gt; </div>
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">void machine_learning::zeroes_initialization </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector.html">std::vector</a>&lt; <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray</a>&lt; T &gt; &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>A</em></span>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">const <a class="elRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/pair.html">std::pair</a>&lt; size_t, size_t &gt; &amp;</td> <td class="paramname"><span class="paramname"><em>shape</em></span>&#160;)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>Function to Intialize 2D vector as zeroes </p><dl class="tparams"><dt>Template Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="tparams">
<tr><td class="paramname">T</td><td>typename of the vector </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramname">A</td><td>2D vector to be initialized </td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramname">shape</td><td>required shape </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 214</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 215</span> A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/clear.html">clear</a>(); <span class="comment">// Making A empty</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 216</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">size_t</span> i = 0; i &lt; shape.first; i++) {</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 217</span> <a class="code hl_classRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/valarray.html">std::valarray&lt;T&gt;</a></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 218</span> row; <span class="comment">// Making empty row which will be inserted in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 219</span> row.resize(shape.second); <span class="comment">// By default all elements are zero</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 220</span> A.<a class="code hl_functionRef" target="_blank" href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector/push_back.html">push_back</a>(row); <span class="comment">// Insert new row in vector</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 221</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 222</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 223</span>}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="groupheader">Variable Documentation</h2>
<a id="a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786" name="a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a7220dbb7fa896d83bfb7a50e4fce1786">&#9670;&#160;</a></span>MIN_DISTANCE</h2>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="mlabels">
<tr>
<td class="mlabels-left">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">double machine_learning::MIN_DISTANCE = 1e-4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td class="mlabels-right">
<span class="mlabels"><span class="mlabel">constexpr</span></span> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p><a class="el" href="../../d4/d12/namespace_minimum.html" title="Implementation of Minimum Edit Distance algorithm.">Minimum</a> average distance of image nodes </p>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- contents -->
</div><!-- doc-content -->
<!-- start footer part -->
<div id="nav-path" class="navpath"><!-- id is needed for treeview function! -->
<ul>
<li class="navelem"><a class="el" href="../../d8/d77/namespacemachine__learning.html">machine_learning</a></li>
<li class="footer">Generated by <a href="https://www.doxygen.org/index.html"><img class="footer" src="../../doxygen.svg" width="104" height="31" alt="doxygen"/></a> 1.12.0 </li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>