docs: address community issue feedback (#5 #338 #142 #246 #136 #303)

- const README: rewrite the space-saving claim per issue #5 follow-ups
  (constant-expression const vs #define immediates; which const qualify
  as constant expressions)
- const README: fix the class-section diagnosis per issue #338 (overload
  resolution picks the const overload; the restriction only surfaces
  once that overload is removed)
- sizeof README: virtual-inheritance result is compiler-dependent
  (GCC merges vbptr+vfptr -> 16, MSVC keeps them separate -> 32) #246
- static README: new section on internal linkage / access restriction
  with anonymous-namespace comparison #142
- 10-day practice: full problem list table + fixed day links #136
- new design_pattern/singleton/singleton_default.hpp: reusable
  thread-safe CRTP singleton template, compile+concurrency tested #303
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2026-10-13 19:23:54 +08:00
parent cfc9af1fcb
commit dfe1c933b3
159 changed files with 20461 additions and 182 deletions

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@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
# 友元函数与友元类
> 本文档由 [C++那些事网站](https://light-city.github.io/stories_things/cpp-things/friend/) 同步生成,网站版本含多语言与更新排版。
# C++ friend 友元
## 关于作者:
个人公众号:
![](../img/wechat.jpg)
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Light-City/CPlusPlusThings/master/img/wechat.jpg)
## 0.概述
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ friend <类型><友元函数名>(<参数表>);
注意,友元函数只是一个普通函数,并不是该类的类成员函数,它可以在任何地方调用,友元函数中通过对象名来访问该类的私有或保护成员。
具体代码见:[friend_func.cpp](friend_func.cpp)
具体代码见:[friend_func.cpp](https://github.com/Light-City/CPlusPlusThings/tree/master/basic_content/friend/friend_func.cpp)
```c++
#include <iostream>
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ friend class <友元类名>;
类B是类A的友元,那么类B可以直接访问A的私有成员。
具体代码见:[friend_class.cpp](friend_class.cpp)
具体代码见:[friend_class.cpp](https://github.com/Light-City/CPlusPlusThings/tree/master/basic_content/friend/friend_class.cpp)
```c++
#include <iostream>
@@ -112,4 +114,4 @@ int main()
假如类B是类A的友元,类C继承于类A,那么友元类B是没办法直接访问类C的私有或保护成员。
- 友元关系没有传递性
假如类B是类A的友元,类C是类B的友元,那么友元类C是没办法直接访问类A的私有或保护成员,也就是不存在“友元的友元”这种关系。
假如类B是类A的友元,类C是类B的友元,那么友元类C是没办法直接访问类A的私有或保护成员,也就是不存在“友元的友元”这种关系。