intel 12代核显直通步骤

details/直通Intel 12代核显给ubuntu22虚拟机并配置jellyfin实现硬解.md

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+# 说明
+
+PVE更新了7.4版本以后，官方提供了一个可选的6.2版本的内核，这样一来就可以通过自行将系统内核升级到这个版本来获得对Intel 12代以后CPU核显的直通能力了。这篇文档除了直通配置以外还包含了jellyfin硬解的配置。
+
+# 操作步骤
+## 1.升级pve内核至6.2版本
+
+1.1设置软件源为：
+
+```
+deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
+deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
+deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
+deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib 
+deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/proxmox/debian bullseye pve-no-subscription
+```
+
+1.2更新源并查看可用的内核列表
+
+```
+apt update
+apt search pve-kernel|grep pve-kernel-
+```
+
+1.3安装内核
+
+```
+apt install pve-kernel-6.2 
+```
+
+1.4查看内核列表，确实安装成功
+
+```
+proxmox-boot-tool kernel list
+```
+
+1.5将新内核设置为默认
+
+```
+proxmox-boot-tool kernel pin 6.2.11-1-pve
+```
+
+1.6 `reboot`重启系统
+
+## 2.核查ubuntu虚拟机的设置
+
+2.1系统需要是Default (i440fx)，bios选择Default (SeaBIOS)。
+
+## 3.在PVE中配置核显直通
+
+3.0 以超级用户身份登录
+
+3.1`vi /etc/default/grub`编辑grub配置，将GRUB\_CMDLINE\_LINUX\_DEFAULT的值改为"quiet intel\_iommu=on video=efifb:off,vesafb:off i915.enable_guc=7"，配置全文如下
+
+```conf
+# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
+# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
+# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
+#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
+
+GRUB_DEFAULT=0
+GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
+GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
+GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on video=efifb:off,vesafb:off i915.enable_guc=7"
+GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
+
+# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
+# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
+# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
+#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
+
+# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
+#GRUB_TERMINAL=console
+
+# The resolution used on graphical terminal
+# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
+# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
+#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480
+
+# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
+#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
+
+# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
+#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
+
+# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
+#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
+```
+
+3.2 `vi /etc/modules`添加如下配置，原本这个文件里只有注释，添加以后如下所示
+
+```conf
+# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time.
+#
+# This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded
+# at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored.
+
+vfio
+vfio_iommu_type1
+vfio_pci
+vfio_virqfd
+```
+
+3.3 `vi /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf` 编辑黑名单，让pve开机不加载核显驱动,这个文件可以不存在，vi打开时是新建状态，添加完配置后文件全文如下
+
+```conf
+blacklist snd_hda_intel
+blacklist snd_hda_codec_hdmi
+blacklist i915
+```
+
+### 3.4 重载系统配置
+
+3.4.1`update-grub`刷新grub配置
+
+3.4.2`update-initramfs -u -k all`刷新initramfs
+
+3.4.3`reboot`重启pve
+
+3.4.4`dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU -e AMD-Vi`查询系统状态是否确实开启了IOMMU
+
+### 3.5 确定核显的设备号
+
+3.5.1 执行`lspci`命令，可以看到pci设备的列表，大致如下：
+
+```txt
+root@aquar:~# lspci
+00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 4668 (rev 02)
+00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 460d (rev 02)
+00:02.0 Display controller: Intel Corporation AlderLake-S GT1 (rev 0c)
+00:06.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 464d (rev 02)
+00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Device 464f (rev 02)
+00:0a.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device 467d (rev 01)
+00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Device 7ae0 (rev 11)
+00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Device 7aa7 (rev 11)
+00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Device 7af0 (rev 11)
+00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Device 7ae8 (rev 11)
+00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Device 7ae2 (rev 11)
+00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7ab8 (rev 11)
+00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7ab9 (rev 11)
+00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7abb (rev 11)
+00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7a86 (rev 11)
+00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Device 7ad0 (rev 11)
+00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Device 7aa3 (rev 11)
+00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device 7aa4 (rev 11)
+01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107 [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti] (rev a1)
+01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GP107GL High Definition Audio Controller (rev a1)
+02:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device a809
+04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8125 2.5GbE Controller (rev 05)
+05:00.0 SATA controller: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1062 Serial ATA Controller (rev 02)
+```
+
+其中可以看出来00:02.0是intel的核显。
+
+3.5.2 执行`lspci -n -s 00:02` 命令得到完整的设备号8086:4680，记录下来下一步会使用。
+
+```txt
+root@aquar:~# lspci -n -s 00:02
+00:02.0 0380: 8086:4680 (rev 0c)
+```
+
+3.6 `vi /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf `配置直通的核显信息，ids替换成3.5.2记录下来的设备号
+
+```conf
+options vfio-pci ids=8086:4680
+```
+
+3.7执行`update-initramfs -u`更新Initramfs
+
+3.8 `reboot`重启pve
+
+## 4.配置ubuntu
+
+4.1在ubutnu虚拟机的硬件配置中添加00:02的pci核显设备。
+
+![35775f9759fc9e1b68e32433edb0290f.png](../_resources/35775f9759fc9e1b68e32433edb0290f.png)
+
+
+4.2安装intel驱动
+
+```bash
+sudo apt-get install -y gpg-agent wget
+wget -qO - https://repositories.intel.com/graphics/intel-graphics.key | \
+  sudo gpg --dearmor --output /usr/share/keyrings/intel-graphics.gpg
+
+echo 'deb [arch=amd64,i386 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/intel-graphics.gpg] https://repositories.intel.com/graphics/ubuntu jammy arc' | \
+  sudo tee  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intel.gpu.jammy.list
+```
+
+4.3安装intel\_gpu\_tools
+
+```
+apt install intel-gpu-tools
+```
+
+4.4安装vaapi
+
+```bash
+sudo apt install libmfx1 libmfx-tools
+sudo apt install libva-dev libmfx-dev intel-media-va-driver-non-free
+```
+
+4.5 添加环境变量
+
+```
+cat >> /etc/bash.bashrc <<EOF
+export LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME=iHD
+EOF
+
+```
+
+4.5 `vim /etc/modprobe.d/i915.conf`配置文件
+
+```
+options i915 enable_guc=2
+undate-initramfs -u -k all
+```
+
+4.5 查看核显状态，验证是否正常直通
+
+```
+sudo apt install hwinfo
+hwinfo --display
+
+sudo apt-get install vainfo
+sudo vainfo
+```
+
+## 5.配置jellyfin
+
+5.1 jellyfin的docker-compose.yml配置如下，硬解的关键在于把核显驱动映射到容器内部，就是最后两行的devices配置
+
+```
+ jellyfin:
+    image: nyanmisaka/jellyfin
+    container_name: jellyfin
+    network_mode: host
+    environment:
+      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
+        # - JELLYFIN_PublishedServerUrl="http://192.168.0.118:8096" #optional
+    volumes:
+      - /opt/aquar/storages/apps/jellyfin/config:/config
+      - /opt/aquar/storages/apps/jellyfin/cache:/cache
+      - /opt/aquar/storages/aquarpool/movies:/media
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    privileged: true
+    devices:
+      - /dev/dri:/dev/dri
+```
+
+5.2 在jellyfin中设置硬解，进入设置菜单->控制台->播放，将硬件加速下拉框选为VAAPI，VA-API设备会默认为/dev/dri/renderD128，你需要核对你的docker宿主机的核显驱动是否是他。然后吧所有能勾的编码选项都勾上，把下面的启动色调映射也勾上。
+
+![c5ad142994dbb117f7ab4e1ffcd5f712.png](../_resources/c5ad142994dbb117f7ab4e1ffcd5f712.png)
+
+![5c4f37089ea5aec94fbc68b85eba9303.png](../_resources/5c4f37089ea5aec94fbc68b85eba9303.png)
+
+完成。