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====== ps ======
Created Wednesday 23 November 2011
NAME
ps - report a __snapshot__ of the current processes.
SYNOPSIS
ps [options]
DESCRIPTION
ps displays information about a selection of the active processes. If you want a repetitive update of the selection
and the displayed information, use__ top__(1) instead.
This version of ps accepts several kinds of options:
1 UNIX options, which may be grouped and **must be **preceded by a dash.
2 BSD options, which may be grouped and **must not** be used with a dash.
3 GNU long options, which are preceded by **two dashes**.
<<<<<<< HEAD
Options of different types may be freely mixed, but__ conflicts__ can appear. There are some synonymous(**同义**) options, which are functionally identical, due to the many standards and ps implementations that this ps is compatible with.
=======
Options of different types may be freely mixed, but__ conflicts__ can appear(如**在指定输出格式为f\l的情况下再指定-O选项**). There are some synonymous(**同义**) options, which are functionally identical, due to the many standards and ps implementations that this ps is compatible with.
>>>>>>> master
Note that "ps -aux" is __distinct__ from "ps aux". The POSIX and UNIX standards require that "ps -aux" print all
processes owned by a **user **named "x", as well as printing all processes that would be selected by the -a option. If
the user named "x" does not exist, this ps may interpret the command as "ps aux" instead and print a warning. This
behavior is intended to aid in transitioning old scripts and habits. It is fragile, subject to change, and thus
should not be relied upon.
By default, ps selects all processes with the same effective user ID (__euid__=EUID) as the current user and associated
with the __same terminal __as the invoker. It displays the process ID (__pid__=PID), the terminal associated with the
process (__tname__=TTY), the cumulated(累计的) CPU time in [dd-]hh:mm:ss format (__time__=TIME), and the executable name (__ucmd__=CMD).
Output is unsorted by default.
The use of BSD-style options will add process state (__stat__=STAT) to the default display and show the command args
(__args__=COMMAND) instead of the executable name. You can override this with the PS_FORMAT environment variable. The
use of BSD-style options will also change the process selection to include processes on other terminals (TTYs) that
are owned by you; alternately, this may be described as setting the selection to be the set of all processes
filtered to exclude processes owned by other users or not on a terminal. These effects are not considered when
options are described as being "identical" below, so -M will be considered identical to Z and so on.
<<<<<<< HEAD
#ucmd只显示执行的命令文件，不包括路径和参数; args包括命令名和参数
Except as described below, process selection options are __additive__. The default selection is discarded, and then the
=======
#u cmd只显示执行的命令文件，不包括路径和参数; args包括命令名和参数
Except as described below, process selection options are __additive(进程的不同选择方式一般是叠加的，不会存在冲突，但是不同的信息输出方式可能会产生冲突)__. The default selection is discarded, and then the
>>>>>>> master
selected processes are added to the set of processes to be displayed. A process will thus be shown if it meets any
of the given selection criteria.
#对于进程的选择选项是可以累加的，但有时会有冲突。
EXAMPLES
To see every process on the system using standard syntax:
ps -e
ps -ef
ps -eF
ps -ely
To see every process on the system using BSD syntax:
ps ax
ps axu
To print a process tree:
ps -ejH
ps axjf
To get info about threads:
ps -eLf
ps axms
To get security info:
ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label
ps axZ
ps -eM
To see every process running as root (real & effective ID) in user format:
ps -U root -u root u
To see every process with a user-defined format:
ps -eo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,wchan:14,comm
ps axo stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,pid,pcpu,comm
ps -eopid,tt,user,fname,tmout,f,wchan
Print only the process IDs of syslogd:
ps -C syslogd -o pid=
Print only the name of PID 42:
ps -p 42 -o comm=
**SIMPLE PROCESS SELECTION #简单的进程选择选项, 最常用的是-e -a -d **
-A Select all processes. Identical to -e.
-e Select** all **processes. Identical to -A.
-a Select **all **processes __except__ both session leaders (see getsid(2)) and processes not associated with a
terminal. #选中所有进程除了那些会话首进程以及没有控制没有终端的没有进程。
-d Select all processes except session leaders. #选中所有进程，除了会话首进程。
-N Select all processes except those that fulfill the specified conditions. (negates the selection)
Identical to --deselect.
T Select all processes associated with this terminal. Identical to the t option without any argument.
r Restrict the selection to only **running **processes.
a Lift the BSD-style "only yourself" restriction, which is imposed upon the set of all processes when
some BSD-style (without "-") options are used or when the ps personality setting is BSD-like. The
set of processes selected in this manner is in addition to the set of processes selected by other
means. An alternate description is that this option causes ps to list all processes with a terminal
(tty), or to list all processes when used together with the x option.
x Lift the BSD-style "must have a tty" restriction, which is imposed upon the set of all processes
when some BSD-style (without "-") options are used or when the ps personality setting is BSD-like.
The set of processes selected in this manner is in addition to the set of processes selected by
other means. An alternate description is that this option causes ps to list all processes owned by
you (same EUID as ps), or to list all processes when used together with the a option.
--deselect Select all processes except those that fulfill the specified conditions. (negates the selection)
Identical to -N.
**PROCESS SELECTION BY LIST #更具体的进程选择方法, 则可以和上面的简单的选择方法连用，最终结果是两者的混合。**
These options accept a single argument in the form of a** blank-separated or comma-separated list**. They can be used
multiple times. For example: ps -p "1 2" -p 3,4
-C cmdlist Select by command name.
This selects the processes whose executable name is given in cmdlist.
-U userlist select by__ real __user ID (RUID) or** name**.
It selects the processes whose real user name or ID is in the userlist list. The real user ID
identifies the user who created the process, see getuid(2).
-u userlist Select by __effective__ user ID (EUID) or** name**.
This selects the processes whose effective user name or ID is in userlist. The effective user ID
describes the user whose file access permissions are used by the process (see geteuid(2)). Identical
to U and --user.
-G grplist Select by real group ID (RGID) or name.
This selects the processes whose real group name or ID is in the grplist list. The real group ID
identifies the group of the user who created the process, see getgid(2).
-g grplist Select by session OR by effective group name.
Selection by session is specified by many standards, but selection by effective group is the logical
behavior that several other operating systems use. This ps will select by session when the list is
completely numeric (as sessions are). Group ID numbers will work only when some group names are also
specified. See the -s and --group options.
-p pidlist Select by PID.
This selects the processes whose process ID numbers appear in pidlist. Identical to p and --pid.
-s sesslist Select by session ID.
This selects the processes with a session ID specified in sesslist.
-t ttylist Select by tty.
This selects the processes associated with the terminals given in ttylist. Terminals (ttys, or
screens for text output) can be specified in several forms:** /dev/ttyS1, ttyS1, S1**. A plain "-" may
be used to select processes not attached to any terminal.
t ttylist Select by tty. Nearly identical to -t and --tty, but can also be used with an empty ttylist to
indicate the terminal associated with ps. Using the T option is considered cleaner than using T with
an empty ttylist.
p pidlist Select by process ID. Identical to -p and --pid.
U userlist Select by effective user ID (EUID) or name.
This selects the processes whose effective user name or ID is in userlist. The effective user ID
describes the user whose file access permissions are used by the process (see geteuid(2)). Identical
to -u and --user.
--Group grplist Select by real group ID (RGID) or name. Identical to -G.
--User userlist Select by real user ID (RUID) or name. Identical to -U.
--group grplist Select by effective group ID (EGID) or name.
This selects the processes whose effective group name or ID is in grouplist. The effective group ID
describes the group whose file access permissions are used by the process (see geteuid(2)). The -g
option is often an alternative to --group.
--pid pidlist Select by process ID. Identical to -p and p.
__--ppid__ pidlist Select by parent process ID. This selects the processes with a parent process ID in pidlist.
That is, it selects processes that are children of those listed in pidlist.
--sid sesslist Select by session ID. Identical to -s.
--tty ttylist Select by terminal. Identical to -t and t.
--user userlist Select by effective user ID (EUID) or name. Identical to -u and U.
-123 Identical to --sid 123.
123 Identical to --pid 123.
**OUTPUT FORMAT CONTROL #输出格式控制，要输出的进程已确定。最常用的是-j -l -f -F -o**
These options are used to choose the information displayed by ps. The output may differ by __personality__.
-j jobs format
-l long format. The -y option is often useful with this.
-f does full-format listing. This option can be combined with many other UNIX-style options to add
additional columns. It also causes the command arguments to be printed. When used with -L, the NLWP
(number of threads) and LWP (thread ID) columns will be added. See the c option, the format keyword
args, and the format keyword comm.
-F extra full format. See the -f option, which -F implies.
-o format user-defined format.
format is a single argument in the form of a **blank-separated or comma-separated list**, which offers a
way to specify individual output columns. The recognized keywords are described in the STANDARD
FORMAT SPECIFIERS section below. __Headers may be renamed__ (ps -o pid,ruser=RealUser -o comm=Command)
as desired. If all column headers are empty (ps -o pid= -o comm=) then __the header line__ will not be
output(只是__不会显示__出第一行的列标题). Column width will increase as needed for wide headers; this may be used to widen up columns
such as WCHAN (ps -o pid,wchan=WIDE-WCHAN-COLUMN -o comm). Explicit width control
(ps opid,wchan:42,cmd) is offered too. The behavior of ps -o pid=X,comm=Y varies with personality;
output may be one column named "X,comm=Y" or two columns named "X" and "Y". Use __multiple -o__ options
when in doubt. Use the PS_FORMAT environment variable to specify a default as desired; DefSysV and
DefBSD are macros that may be used to choose the default UNIX or BSD columns.
[geekard@geekard ~]$ ps -a -o 'ruser=real, cmd'
real, cmd
geekard
geekard
geekard
[geekard@geekard ~]$ ps -a -oruser=real,comm
real COMMAND
geekard bash
geekard startx
geekard xinit
geekard awesome
[geekard@geekard ~]$ ps -a -o ruser=real,comm
real,comm
geekard
geekard
geekard
geekard
[geekard@geekard ~]$
-O format is like -o, but preloaded with some default columns. Identical to
-o pid,__format__,state,tname,time,command or -o pid,format,tname,time,cmd, see -o below.
-M Add a column of security data. Identical to Z. (for SE Linux)
Z Add a column of security data. Identical to -M. (for SE Linux)
X Register format.
-c Show different scheduler information for the -l option.
o format specify user-defined format. Identical to -o and --format.
s display signal format
u display user-oriented format
v display virtual memory format
-y Do not show flags; show rss in place of addr. This option can only be used with -l.
--format format user-defined format. Identical to -o and o.
--context Display security context format. (for SE Linux)
**OUTPUT MODIFIERS #对上面确定的输出格式(即**__已确定的输出列__**)进行微调**
-H show process __hierarchy__ (forest)
-w Wide output. Use this option __twice__ for unlimited width.
__ --no-headers print no header line at all__
__ --forest ASCII art process tree__
__ --sort spec __ specify sorting order. Sorting syntax is [+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] Choose a multi-letter key from
the STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS section. The "+" is optional since default direction is increasing
numerical or lexicographic order. Identical to k. For example: ps jax --sort=uid,-ppid,+pid
f ASCII-art process hierarchy (forest)
N namelist Specify namelist file. Identical to -n, see -n above.
O order Sorting order. (overloaded)
The BSD O option can act like -O (user-defined output format with some common fields predefined) or
can be used to specify sort order. Heuristics are used to determine the behavior of this option. To
ensure that the desired behavior is obtained (sorting or formatting), specify the option in some
other way (e.g. with -O or --sort).
For sorting, obsolete BSD O option syntax is O[+|-]k1[,[+|-]k2[,...]]. It orders the processes
listing according to the multilevel sort specified by the sequence of one-letter short keys k1, k2,
... described in the OBSOLETE SORT KEYS section below. The "+" is currently optional, merely
re-iterating the default direction on a key, but may help to distinguish an O sort from an O format.
The "-" reverses direction only on the key it precedes.
S Sum up some information, such as CPU usage, from dead child processes into their parent. This is
useful for examining a system where a parent process repeatedly forks off short-lived children to do
work.
c Show the true command name. This is derived from the name of the executable file, rather than from
the argv value. Command arguments and any modifications to them (see setproctitle(3)) are thus not
shown. This option effectively turns the args format keyword into the comm format keyword; it is
useful with the -f format option and with the various BSD-style format options, which all normally
display the command arguments. See the -f option, the format keyword args, and the format keyword
comm.
e Show the environment after the command.
h No header. (or, one header per screen in the BSD personality)
The h option is problematic. Standard BSD ps uses this option to print a header on each page of
output, but older Linux ps uses this option to totally disable the header. This version of ps
follows the Linux usage of not printing the header unless the BSD personality has been selected, in
which case it prints a header on each page of output. Regardless of the current personality, you can
use the long options --headers and --no-headers to enable printing headers each page or disable
headers entirely, respectively.
k spec specify sorting order. Sorting syntax is [+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] Choose a multi-letter key from
the STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS section. The "+" is optional since default direction is increasing
numerical or lexicographic order. Identical to --sort. Examples:
ps jaxkuid,-ppid,+pid
ps axk comm o comm,args
ps kstart_time -ef
-n namelist set namelist file. Identical to N.
The namelist file is needed for a proper WCHAN display, and must match the current Linux kernel
exactly for correct output. Without this option, the default search path for the namelist is:
$PS_SYSMAP
$PS_SYSTEM_MAP
/proc/*/wchan
/boot/System.map-`uname -r`
/boot/System.map
/lib/modules/`uname -r`/System.map
/usr/src/linux/System.map
/System.map
n Numeric output for WCHAN and USER. (including all types of UID and GID)
w Wide output. Use this option twice for unlimited width.
--cols n set screen width
--columns n set screen width
--cumulative include some dead child process data (as a sum with the parent)
--headers repeat header lines, one per page of output
--lines n set screen height
--rows n set screen height
--width n set screen width
**THREAD DISPLAY**
H Show threads as if they were processes
-L Show threads, possibly with LWP and NLWP columns
-T Show threads, possibly with SPID column
m Show threads after processes
-m Show threads after processes
**OTHER INFORMATION**
__ L List all format specifiers. __#非常有用，特别是不记得输出列的名称
-V Print the procps version.
V Print the procps version.
--help Print a help message.
--info Print debugging info.
--version Print the procps version.
NOTES
This ps works by reading the virtual files in /proc. This ps does not need to be setuid kmem or have any privileges
to run. Do not give this ps any special permissions.
This ps needs access to namelist data for proper WCHAN display. For kernels prior to 2.6, the System.map file must
be installed.
CPU usage is currently expressed as the percentage of time spent running during the __entire lifetime __of a process.
This is not ideal, and it does not conform to the standards that ps otherwise conforms to. CPU usage is unlikely to
add up to exactly 100%.
The SIZE and RSS fields don't count some parts of a process including the page tables, kernel stack, struct
thread_info, and struct task_struct. This is usually at least 20 KiB of memory that is always resident. SIZE is the
__virtual size __of the process (code+data+stack).
Processes marked <defunct> are dead processes (so-called "zombies") that remain because their parent has not
destroyed them properly. These processes will be destroyed by init(8) if the parent process exits.
**PROCESS FLAGS**
The sum of these values is displayed in the "__F__" column, which is provided by the flags output specifier.
1 forked but didn't exec
4 used super-user privileges
**PROCESS STATE CODES**
Here are the different values that the s, stat and state output specifiers (header "STAT" or "S") will display to
describe the state of a process.
D Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO)
R Running or runnable (on run queue)
S Interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)
T Stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced.
W paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel)
X dead (should never be seen)
Z Defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent.
For BSD formats and when the __stat__ keyword is used, additional characters may be displayed:
< high-priority (not nice to other users)
N low-priority (nice to other users) #N代表nice
L has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)
__s __ is a session leader
__l __ is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)
__+__ is in the **foreground** process group 注意：显示的是__前端进程组__
**OBSOLETE SORT KEYS**
These keys are used by the BSD O option (when it is used for sorting). The GNU --sort option doesn't use these keys,
but the specifiers described below in the STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS section. Note that the values used in sorting
are the internal values ps uses and not the "cooked" values used in some of the output format fields (e.g. sorting
on tty will sort into device number, not according to the terminal name displayed). Pipe ps output into the sort(1)
command if you want to sort the cooked values.
KEY LONG DESCRIPTION
c cmd simple name of executable
C pcpu cpu utilization
f flags flags as in long format F field
g pgrp process group ID
G tpgid controlling tty process group ID
j cutime cumulative user time
J cstime cumulative system time
k utime user time
m min_flt number of minor page faults
M maj_flt number of major page faults
n cmin_flt cumulative minor page faults
N cmaj_flt cumulative major page faults
o session session ID
p pid process ID
P ppid parent process ID
r rss resident set size
R resident resident pages
s size memory size in kilobytes
S share amount of shared pages
t tty the device number of the controlling tty
T start_time time process was started
U uid user ID number
u user user name
v vsize total VM size in kB
y priority kernel scheduling priority
AIX FORMAT DESCRIPTORS
This ps supports AIX format descriptors, which work somewhat like the formatting codes of printf(1) and printf(3).
For example, the normal default output can be produced with this: ps -eo "%p %y %x %c". The NORMAL codes are
described in the next section.
CODE NORMAL HEADER
%C pcpu %CPU
%G group GROUP
%P ppid PPID
%U user USER
%a args COMMAND
%c comm COMMAND
%g rgroup RGROUP
%n nice NI
%p pid PID
%r pgid PGID
%t etime ELAPSED
%u ruser RUSER
%x time TIME
%y tty TTY
%z vsz VSZ
==== STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS ====
Here are the different keywords that may be used to control the output format (e.g. with option -o) or to **sort** the
selected processes with the GNU-style --sort option.
For example: **ps -eo pid,user,args --sort user**
This version of ps tries to recognize most of the keywords used in other implementations of ps.
The following user-defined format specifiers may contain spaces: args, cmd, comm, command, fname, ucmd, ucomm,
lstart, bsdstart, start.
Some keywords may not be available for sorting.
CODE HEADER(输出的**第一行的关键字**) DESCRIPTION
%cpu %CPU cpu utilization of the process in "##.#" format. Currently, it is the** CPU time used divided by the time**
** the process has been running** (cputime/realtime ratio), expressed as a percentage. It will not add up to
100% unless you are lucky. (alias __pcpu__).
%mem %MEM ratio of the process's resident set size to the physical memory on the machine, expressed as a
percentage. (alias __pmem__).
args COMMAND command with all its arguments as a string. Modifications to the arguments may be shown. The output in
this column may contain spaces. A process marked <defunct> is partly dead, waiting to be fully
destroyed by its parent. Sometimes the process args will be unavailable; when this happens, ps will
instead print the executable name in brackets. (alias cmd, command). See also the comm format keyword,
the -f option, and the c option.
When__ specified last__, this column will extend to the edge of the display. If ps can not determine
display width, as when output is redirected (piped) into a file or another command, the output width is
undefined. (it may be 80, unlimited, determined by the TERM variable, and so on) The COLUMNS
environment variable or --cols option may be used to exactly determine the width in this case. The w or
-w option may be also be used to adjust width.
blocked BLOCKED mask of the blocked signals, see signal(7). According to the width of the field, a 32-bit or 64-bit
mask in hexadecimal format is displayed. (alias sig_block, sigmask).
__bsdstart __ START time the command started. If the process was started less than 24 hours ago, the output format is
" HH:MM", else it is "mmm dd" (where mmm is the three letters of the month). See also lstart, start,
start_time, and stime.
__bsdtime __ **TIME** __accumulated cpu time__, user + system. The display format is usually "MMM:SS", but can be shifted to the
right if the process used more than 999 minutes of cpu time.
c C processor utilization. Currently, this is the integer value of the percent usage over the lifetime of
the process. (see %cpu).
caught CAUGHT mask of the caught signals, see signal(7). According to the width of the field, a 32 or 64 bits mask in
hexadecimal format is displayed. (alias sig_catch, sigcatch).
class CLS scheduling class of the process. (alias policy, cls). Field's possible values are:
- not reported
TS SCHED_OTHER
FF SCHED_FIFO
RR SCHED_RR
B SCHED_BATCH
ISO SCHED_ISO
IDL SCHED_IDLE
? unknown value
cls CLS scheduling class of the process. (alias policy, class). Field's possible values are:
- not reported
TS SCHED_OTHER
FF SCHED_FIFO
RR SCHED_RR
B SCHED_BATCH
ISO SCHED_ISO
IDL SCHED_IDLE
? unknown value
**cmd** CMD see args. (alias args, command).
comm COMMAND command name (__only the executable name__). Modifications to the command name will not be shown. A process
marked <defunct> is partly dead, waiting to be fully destroyed by its parent. The output in this column
may contain spaces. (alias ucmd, ucomm). See also the args format keyword, the -f option, and the c
option.
When specified last, this column will extend to the edge of the display. If ps can not determine
display width, as when output is redirected (piped) into a file or another command, the output width is
undefined. (it may be 80, unlimited, determined by the TERM variable, and so on) The COLUMNS
environment variable or --cols option may be used to exactly determine the width in this case. The w or
-w option may be also be used to adjust width.
command COMMAND see args. (alias args, cmd).
cp CP per-mill (tenths of a percent) CPU usage. (see %cpu).
__cputime __ TIME cumulative CPU time, "[dd-]hh:mm:ss" format. (alias time).
egid EGID effective group ID number of the process as a decimal integer. (alias gid).
egroup EGROUP effective group ID of the process. This will be the textual group ID, if it can be obtained and the
field width permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. (alias group).
eip EIP instruction pointer.
esp ESP stack pointer.
__etime __ ELAPSED **elapsed time** since the process was started, in the form [[dd-]hh:]mm:ss.
euid EUID effective user ID. (alias uid).
euser EUSER effective user name. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width
permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. The n option can be used to force the decimal
representation. (alias uname, user).
__f __ F flags associated with the process, see the PROCESS FLAGS section. (alias flag, flags).
fgid FGID filesystem access group ID. (alias fsgid).
fgroup FGROUP filesystem access group ID. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width
permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. (alias fsgroup).
flag F see f. (alias f, flags).
flags F see f. (alias f, flag).
fname COMMAND first 8 bytes of the base name of the process's executable file. The output in this column may contain
spaces.
fuid FUID filesystem access user ID. (alias fsuid).
fuser FUSER filesystem access user ID. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width
permits, or a decimal representation otherwise.
gid GID see egid. (alias egid).
group GROUP see egroup. (alias egroup).
ignored IGNORED mask of the ignored signals, see signal(7). According to the width of the field, a 32-bit or 64-bit
mask in hexadecimal format is displayed. (alias sig_ignore, sigignore).
label LABEL security label, most commonly used for SE Linux context data. This is for the Mandatory Access Control
("MAC") found on high-security systems.
**lstart ** STARTED time the command started. See also bsdstart, start, start_time, and stime.
__lwp __ LWP lwp (light weight process, or thread) ID of the lwp being reported. (alias spid, tid).
ni NI nice value. This ranges from 19 (nicest) to -20 (not nice to others), see nice(1). (alias nice).
nice NI see ni. (alias ni).
__nlwp __ NLWP number of lwps (threads) in the process. (alias thcount).
nwchan WCHAN address of the kernel function where the process is sleeping (use wchan if you want the kernel function
name). Running tasks will display a dash ('-') in this column.
pcpu %CPU see %cpu. (alias %cpu).
pending PENDING mask of the pending signals. See signal(7). Signals pending on the process are distinct from signals
pending on individual threads. Use the m option or the -m option to see both. According to the width of
the field, a 32-bit or 64-bit mask in hexadecimal format is displayed. (alias sig).
pgid PGID process group ID or, equivalently, the process ID of the process group leader. (alias pgrp).
pgrp PGRP see pgid. (alias pgid).
pid PID process ID number of the process.
**pmem** %MEM see %mem. (alias %mem).
policy POL scheduling class of the process. (alias class, cls). Possible values are:
- not reported
TS SCHED_OTHER
FF SCHED_FIFO
RR SCHED_RR
B SCHED_BATCH
ISO SCHED_ISO
IDL SCHED_IDLE
? unknown value
ppid PPID parent process ID.
psr PSR processor that process is currently assigned to.
rgid RGID real group ID.
rgroup RGROUP real group name. This will be the textual group ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or a decimal representation otherwise.
rss RSS resident set size, the non-swapped physical memory that a task has used (in kiloBytes).
(alias rssize, rsz).
rssize RSS see rss. (alias rss, rsz).
rsz RSZ see rss. (alias rss, rssize).
rtprio RTPRIO realtime priority.
ruid RUID real user ID.
ruser RUSER real user ID. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or a decimal representation otherwise.
__s__ S minimal state display (one character). See section PROCESS STATE CODES for the different values.
See also stat if you want additional information displayed. (alias state).
sched SCH scheduling policy of the process. The policies SCHED_OTHER (SCHED_NORMAL), SCHED_FIFO, SCHED_RR,
SCHED_BATCH, SCHED_ISO, and SCHED_IDLE are respectively displayed as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
sess SESS session ID or, equivalently, the process ID of the session leader. (alias session, sid).
sgi_p P processor that the process is currently executing on. Displays "*" if the process is not currently
running or runnable.
__sgid__ SGID saved group ID. (alias svgid).
sgroup SGROUP saved group name. This will be the textual group ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or a decimal representation otherwise.
sid SID see sess. (alias sess, session).
sig PENDING see pending. (alias pending, sig_pend).
sigcatch CAUGHT see caught. (alias caught, sig_catch).
sigignore IGNORED see ignored. (alias ignored, sig_ignore).
sigmask BLOCKED see blocked. (alias blocked, sig_block).
__size __ SZ approximate amount of swap space that would be required if the process were to dirty all writable pages
and then be swapped out. This number is very rough!
spid SPID see lwp. (alias lwp, tid).
stackp STACKP address of the bottom (start) of stack for the process.
**start ** STARTED time the command started. If the process was started less than 24 hours ago, the output format is
"HH:MM:SS", else it is " mmm dd" (where mmm is a three-letter month name). See also lstart, bsdstart,
start_time, and stime.
start_time START starting time or date of the process. Only the year will be displayed if the process was not started
the same year ps was invoked, or "mmmdd" if it was not started the same day, or "HH:MM" otherwise. See
also bsdstart, start, lstart, and stime.
__stat __ STAT multi-character process state. See section PROCESS STATE CODES for the different values meaning. See
also s and state if you just want the first character displayed.
state S see s. (alias s).
suid SUID saved user ID. (alias svuid).
suser SUSER saved user name. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or a decimal representation otherwise. (alias svuser).
svgid SVGID see sgid. (alias sgid).
svuid SVUID see suid. (alias suid).
sz SZ size in physical pages of the core image of the process. This includes text, data, and stack space.
Device mappings are currently excluded; this is subject to change. See vsz and rss.
thcount THCNT see nlwp. (alias nlwp). number of kernel threads owned by the process.
__tid __ TID see lwp. (alias lwp).
time TIME cumulative CPU time, "[dd-]hh:mm:ss" format. (alias cputime).
__tname __ TTY controlling tty (terminal). (alias tt, tty).
__tpgid __ TPGID ID of the foreground process group on the tty (terminal) that the process is connected to, or -1 if the
process is not connected to a tty.
tt TT controlling tty (terminal). (alias tname, tty).
tty TT controlling tty (terminal). (alias tname, tt).
ucmd CMD see comm. (alias comm, ucomm).
ucomm COMMAND see comm. (alias comm, ucmd).
uid UID see euid. (alias euid).
uname USER see euser. (alias euser, user).
user USER see euser. (alias euser, uname).
vsize VSZ see vsz. (alias vsz).
__vsz__ VSZ virtual memory size of the process in KiB (1024-byte units). Device mappings are currently excluded;
this is subject to change. (alias vsize).
wchan WCHAN name of the kernel function in which the process is sleeping, a "-" if the process is running, or a
"*" if the process is multi-threaded and ps is not displaying threads.
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