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- const README: rewrite the space-saving claim per issue #5 follow-ups (constant-expression const vs #define immediates; which const qualify as constant expressions) - const README: fix the class-section diagnosis per issue #338 (overload resolution picks the const overload; the restriction only surfaces once that overload is removed) - sizeof README: virtual-inheritance result is compiler-dependent (GCC merges vbptr+vfptr -> 16, MSVC keeps them separate -> 32) #246 - static README: new section on internal linkage / access restriction with anonymous-namespace comparison #142 - 10-day practice: full problem list table + fixed day links #136 - new design_pattern/singleton/singleton_default.hpp: reusable thread-safe CRTP singleton template, compile+concurrency tested #303
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C++ assert 断言
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1.第一个断言案例
断言,是宏,而非函数。
assert 宏的原型定义在 <assert.h>(C)、(C++)中。其作用是如果它的条件返回错误,则终止程序执行。
可以通过定义 NDEBUG 来关闭 assert,但是需要在源代码的开头,include <assert.h> 之前。
void assert(int expression);
代码样例:assert.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
int main()
{
int x = 7;
/* Some big code in between and let's say x
is accidentally changed to 9 */
x = 9;
// Programmer assumes x to be 7 in rest of the code
assert(x==7);
/* Rest of the code */
return 0;
}
输出:
assert: assert.c:13: main: Assertion 'x==7' failed.
可以看到输出会把源码文件,行号错误位置,提示出来!
2.断言与正常错误处理
- 断言主要用于检查逻辑上不可能的情况。
例如,它们可用于检查代码在开始运行之前所期望的状态,或者在运行完成后检查状态。与正常的错误处理不同,断言通常在运行时被禁用。
- 忽略断言,在代码开头加上:
#define NDEBUG // 加上这行,则 assert 不可用
样例代码:ignore_assert.c
